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GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
... appear to generalize well across broad geographic regions. For example, the zonation patterns of dominant salt marsh plants are created by trade-offs between stress tolerance and competitive ability in marshes in a wide variety of geographic locations, although the details of the trade-offs may diff ...
... appear to generalize well across broad geographic regions. For example, the zonation patterns of dominant salt marsh plants are created by trade-offs between stress tolerance and competitive ability in marshes in a wide variety of geographic locations, although the details of the trade-offs may diff ...
Living Things
... 4. Mark-and-Recapture Studies —capture, mark, and release organisms several times to calculate their population number. ...
... 4. Mark-and-Recapture Studies —capture, mark, and release organisms several times to calculate their population number. ...
2009 Review Sheet - University of Arizona | Ecology and
... 92. What are two important contributions of Alfred Russell Wallace to the general fields of ecology, evolution, and biogeography? 93. Explain why some groups may disperse better than others? What does a typical graph of genetic relatedness and geographic proximity look like? 94. Why are source and s ...
... 92. What are two important contributions of Alfred Russell Wallace to the general fields of ecology, evolution, and biogeography? 93. Explain why some groups may disperse better than others? What does a typical graph of genetic relatedness and geographic proximity look like? 94. Why are source and s ...
Ecological niche , , Jitka Polechov amp David Storch Department of
... most of ecological thinking, however, both meanings are implicitly or explicitly mixed. The reason is that ecology is about interactions between organisms, and if persistence of a species is determined by the presence of other species food sources, competitors, predators, etc., all species are natur ...
... most of ecological thinking, however, both meanings are implicitly or explicitly mixed. The reason is that ecology is about interactions between organisms, and if persistence of a species is determined by the presence of other species food sources, competitors, predators, etc., all species are natur ...
Ecological niche - Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland
... meanings are implicitly or explicitly mixed. The reason is that ecology is about interactions between organisms, and if persistence of a species is determined by the presence of other species (food sources, competitors, predators, etc.), all species are naturally both affected by environment, and at ...
... meanings are implicitly or explicitly mixed. The reason is that ecology is about interactions between organisms, and if persistence of a species is determined by the presence of other species (food sources, competitors, predators, etc.), all species are naturally both affected by environment, and at ...
Positive - Bertness Lab
... for restoration because they can facilitate the colonization of other species by maintaining or providing key Density dependence in population dynamics is typically habitat or promoting community-level recovery from dis- seen as a negative force, as with density-dependent morturbance (eg Brady et al ...
... for restoration because they can facilitate the colonization of other species by maintaining or providing key Density dependence in population dynamics is typically habitat or promoting community-level recovery from dis- seen as a negative force, as with density-dependent morturbance (eg Brady et al ...
Resource Partitioning in Ecological Communities
... a process reveals little about what that process is. To prove that a particular dynamics operates, one must perturb the system away from equilibrium by adding or removing individuals. Such experiments, mostly quite recent, have demonstrated that compensatory changes sometimes occur in population num ...
... a process reveals little about what that process is. To prove that a particular dynamics operates, one must perturb the system away from equilibrium by adding or removing individuals. Such experiments, mostly quite recent, have demonstrated that compensatory changes sometimes occur in population num ...
only means for most plants to colonize new habitats or escape
... traits [1] and vegetation dynamics [2]. Wind, water, gravity and a host of animal species disperse seeds. Frugivores and granivores that consume fruits and seeds, and inadvertently disperse some seeds, underpin the natural regeneration cycles of roughly 60 – 80% of all plant species [3]. Few natural ...
... traits [1] and vegetation dynamics [2]. Wind, water, gravity and a host of animal species disperse seeds. Frugivores and granivores that consume fruits and seeds, and inadvertently disperse some seeds, underpin the natural regeneration cycles of roughly 60 – 80% of all plant species [3]. Few natural ...
Explaining the global biodiversity gradient: energy, area, history and
... is further possible that long-term and cyclical climate change generates a tropic-pole gradient. Niche assembly models will also explain tropical biodiversity, but the enhanced division of habitat may be the result, not the cause, of the species richness. The neutrality–competition debate in ecology ...
... is further possible that long-term and cyclical climate change generates a tropic-pole gradient. Niche assembly models will also explain tropical biodiversity, but the enhanced division of habitat may be the result, not the cause, of the species richness. The neutrality–competition debate in ecology ...
Fifty years of change in northern upland forest understories: Identity
... can detect regional shifts in frequency even if shifts within sites lack significance. Finally, the Gheterogeniety test-statistic (Gtotal Gpooled) determines whether species’ shifts in frequency are consistent across sites. To ensure biological as well as statistical significance, we limit our rep ...
... can detect regional shifts in frequency even if shifts within sites lack significance. Finally, the Gheterogeniety test-statistic (Gtotal Gpooled) determines whether species’ shifts in frequency are consistent across sites. To ensure biological as well as statistical significance, we limit our rep ...
Ecosystem - SandyBiology1-2
... European view. The rich knowledge that indigenous peoples had of interactions between the environment and the living things that inhabit their world was largely ignored. Fortunately this is changing. There is increased recognition of the need to integrate both perspectives and areas of knowledge to ...
... European view. The rich knowledge that indigenous peoples had of interactions between the environment and the living things that inhabit their world was largely ignored. Fortunately this is changing. There is increased recognition of the need to integrate both perspectives and areas of knowledge to ...
Ecological consequences of human niche
... research programs, we explore this uniquely human trajectory and reveal a pattern of significant long‐term, anthropogenic shaping of species distributions on all of the earth’s major occupied continents and islands. We show that, even before the Age of Discovery, cumulative human activities over ...
... research programs, we explore this uniquely human trajectory and reveal a pattern of significant long‐term, anthropogenic shaping of species distributions on all of the earth’s major occupied continents and islands. We show that, even before the Age of Discovery, cumulative human activities over ...
Appendix 2: Guidelines for the field assessment of native wetland
... and in determining the flora and fauna that live there. Artificial drains, ponds, culverts and other structures impede the natural flow of water and impact on the state and type of wetland to be found. Structures within watercourses can be the determining factor in whether or not native fish inhabit ...
... and in determining the flora and fauna that live there. Artificial drains, ponds, culverts and other structures impede the natural flow of water and impact on the state and type of wetland to be found. Structures within watercourses can be the determining factor in whether or not native fish inhabit ...
Appendix 2: Guidelines for the field assessment of native wetland
... and in determining the flora and fauna that live there. Artificial drains, ponds, culverts and other structures impede the natural flow of water and impact on the state and type of wetland to be found. Structures within watercourses can be the determining factor in whether or not native fish inhabit ...
... and in determining the flora and fauna that live there. Artificial drains, ponds, culverts and other structures impede the natural flow of water and impact on the state and type of wetland to be found. Structures within watercourses can be the determining factor in whether or not native fish inhabit ...
Ecotoxicology: An Opportunity for the Experimental
... a number of phenomena affecting an ecosystem. However, they would be of greatest value if used in combination with tests that can provide data on population interactions and ecosystem processes.” In short, single species tests have performed very well and will continue to do so in the future. This s ...
... a number of phenomena affecting an ecosystem. However, they would be of greatest value if used in combination with tests that can provide data on population interactions and ecosystem processes.” In short, single species tests have performed very well and will continue to do so in the future. This s ...
Ecological fidelity of functional traits based on species presence
... Abstract.—Comparisons between modern death assemblages and their source communities have demonstrated fidelity to species diversity across a variety of environments and taxonomic groups. However, differential species preservation and collection (including body-size bias) in both modern and fossil de ...
... Abstract.—Comparisons between modern death assemblages and their source communities have demonstrated fidelity to species diversity across a variety of environments and taxonomic groups. However, differential species preservation and collection (including body-size bias) in both modern and fossil de ...
The interaction between predation and competition
... Vol 456 | 13 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nature07248 ...
... Vol 456 | 13 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nature07248 ...
Competitive relationships of Andropogon gerardii (Big Bluestem
... plant populations are adapted to their local environmental conditions (Turesson 1922). These results are consistent with previous field research that found nonlocal Andropogon from its western range (Nebraska, USA) was consistently smaller than local Illinois plants when grown in a restored tallgras ...
... plant populations are adapted to their local environmental conditions (Turesson 1922). These results are consistent with previous field research that found nonlocal Andropogon from its western range (Nebraska, USA) was consistently smaller than local Illinois plants when grown in a restored tallgras ...
The role of behavioural variation in the invasion of
... Behaviour determines the rate at which invasive species spread, as well as the impact they have on natives. When behaviour varies between individuals (as it almost always does), then the mean behaviour is often less important than the extremes of behaviour. The rate at which a species spreads, for e ...
... Behaviour determines the rate at which invasive species spread, as well as the impact they have on natives. When behaviour varies between individuals (as it almost always does), then the mean behaviour is often less important than the extremes of behaviour. The rate at which a species spreads, for e ...
Empirical perspectives on species borders: from traditional
... these problems of context-dependent responses by explicitly studying changes of distributions through time, and allowing for different capacities of response among different species. These models use dynamic simulation to incorporate biological attributes such as population growth rates and dispersa ...
... these problems of context-dependent responses by explicitly studying changes of distributions through time, and allowing for different capacities of response among different species. These models use dynamic simulation to incorporate biological attributes such as population growth rates and dispersa ...
The importance of large carnivores to healthy ecosystems
... cause secondary waves of extinction that further heighten the instability. We would like to discuss a specific category of such an event – the loss of carnivores and how that simplifies ecosystems over the long-term. Carnivores are not the only group whose decline has significantly impaired ecosyste ...
... cause secondary waves of extinction that further heighten the instability. We would like to discuss a specific category of such an event – the loss of carnivores and how that simplifies ecosystems over the long-term. Carnivores are not the only group whose decline has significantly impaired ecosyste ...
Chapter 41
... Strong competition can lead to competitive exclusion, local elimination of a competing species The competitive exclusion principle states that two species competing for the same limiting resources cannot coexist in the same place ...
... Strong competition can lead to competitive exclusion, local elimination of a competing species The competitive exclusion principle states that two species competing for the same limiting resources cannot coexist in the same place ...
AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 50 An Introduction To
... curves. How would an open nesting songbird’s survivorship curve appear if it was Type III for the first year and then Type II for the rest of its life span? Sketch this curve on the survivorship curve graph in question 8. 10. What does a reproductive table show? Concept 52.2 Life history traits are ...
... curves. How would an open nesting songbird’s survivorship curve appear if it was Type III for the first year and then Type II for the rest of its life span? Sketch this curve on the survivorship curve graph in question 8. 10. What does a reproductive table show? Concept 52.2 Life history traits are ...
Invertebrate fauna and their ecological context on Whangaokena
... This was mainly a reflection of the respective zones (foliage and litter layer) sampled. However, there was also likely to be influence from the very short sampling time. This is because, although a great many insect debris feeders (detritivores) do fly in the netted (i.e. foliage) zone, this may be ...
... This was mainly a reflection of the respective zones (foliage and litter layer) sampled. However, there was also likely to be influence from the very short sampling time. This is because, although a great many insect debris feeders (detritivores) do fly in the netted (i.e. foliage) zone, this may be ...
Chapter 14: Interactions in Ecosystems
... A habitat differs from a niche. On the vast plains of Africa, tall grasses grow among trees and shrubs, and small pools of water surrounded by thirsty animals dot the landscape. This challenging environment is the home of the African lion, shown in Figure 1.1. Here, lions stalk through tall grass to ...
... A habitat differs from a niche. On the vast plains of Africa, tall grasses grow among trees and shrubs, and small pools of water surrounded by thirsty animals dot the landscape. This challenging environment is the home of the African lion, shown in Figure 1.1. Here, lions stalk through tall grass to ...
Ecological fitting
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colorado_potato_beetle.jpg?width=300)
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.