Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... While our results demonstrate that low-frequency ITD-sensitive IC neurons better encode ITD in reverberation than their high-frequency counterparts, there is significant variability in the effects ...
... While our results demonstrate that low-frequency ITD-sensitive IC neurons better encode ITD in reverberation than their high-frequency counterparts, there is significant variability in the effects ...
Multiple dynamic representations in the motor cortex
... rate suggests that vM1 controls these slowly varying motor parameters, as expected from previous motor cortex mapping5,8,16,18,29,39 and neurophysiological experiments5,29,39. The low sampling rate of imaging may have missed rapid modulation in neural activity29. We also quantified decoding accuranc ...
... rate suggests that vM1 controls these slowly varying motor parameters, as expected from previous motor cortex mapping5,8,16,18,29,39 and neurophysiological experiments5,29,39. The low sampling rate of imaging may have missed rapid modulation in neural activity29. We also quantified decoding accuranc ...
Neural and Voluntary Control of Breathing
... Neural Control of Breathing • This topic is still “unsettled” science // exact mechanism for setting the rhythm of respiration remains unknown • Currently, we understand there are three neural circuits (nuclei) within the brain stem which influence breathing – Dorsal respiratory group – Ventral res ...
... Neural Control of Breathing • This topic is still “unsettled” science // exact mechanism for setting the rhythm of respiration remains unknown • Currently, we understand there are three neural circuits (nuclei) within the brain stem which influence breathing – Dorsal respiratory group – Ventral res ...
The Basal Ganglia and Involuntary Movements
... and excessive disinhibition of motor cortical areas. This would be reflected as enhanced facilitation and possibly expansion of the “center” of the present centersurround model (Figure 1). An alternative scheme, based on reduced dopamine D2 receptor binding in the striatum in dystonic monkeys and in ...
... and excessive disinhibition of motor cortical areas. This would be reflected as enhanced facilitation and possibly expansion of the “center” of the present centersurround model (Figure 1). An alternative scheme, based on reduced dopamine D2 receptor binding in the striatum in dystonic monkeys and in ...
Sounds of Silence BU scientists are helping a paralyzed man utter his
... Guenther and Brumberg are collaborating with researchers at Georgia Tech to refine the decoder. Each improvement makes it easier for Ramsey to learn, but it also means that his brain must continually adjust and master a new system. “When we learn to speak as infants, it takes us months. It’s not an ...
... Guenther and Brumberg are collaborating with researchers at Georgia Tech to refine the decoder. Each improvement makes it easier for Ramsey to learn, but it also means that his brain must continually adjust and master a new system. “When we learn to speak as infants, it takes us months. It’s not an ...
Modulation of Synaptic Transmission to Second
... The caudal nucleus tractus solitarius (cNTS), where peripheral chemoreceptor afferents and other visceral afferents make their first central synapses (Mifflin, 1992), has intense anatomical connections with central noradrenergic neural structures (Loewy, 1990). The cNTS also contains noradrenergic n ...
... The caudal nucleus tractus solitarius (cNTS), where peripheral chemoreceptor afferents and other visceral afferents make their first central synapses (Mifflin, 1992), has intense anatomical connections with central noradrenergic neural structures (Loewy, 1990). The cNTS also contains noradrenergic n ...
Document
... relationship with the latency in neuron firing (polysynaptic integration leading to response) ...
... relationship with the latency in neuron firing (polysynaptic integration leading to response) ...
Systems memory consolidation in Drosophila
... acquisition and shortly afterwards, but not during retrieval [24,25]. a0 /b0 neurons play a key role in encoding the memory trace and in its early stabilization, but are not the site of storage because transmission is dispensable during retrieval. By contrast, output from the combination of a/b and ...
... acquisition and shortly afterwards, but not during retrieval [24,25]. a0 /b0 neurons play a key role in encoding the memory trace and in its early stabilization, but are not the site of storage because transmission is dispensable during retrieval. By contrast, output from the combination of a/b and ...
English - SciELO México
... some strategies directed towards survival. Strategies of survival involve emotional memory which is processed by deep temporal lobe structures, such as amygdaloid complex and hippocampus. In the Wistar rat, 2-heptanone produces anxiety-like behavior and an increased firing rate of basal amygdaline n ...
... some strategies directed towards survival. Strategies of survival involve emotional memory which is processed by deep temporal lobe structures, such as amygdaloid complex and hippocampus. In the Wistar rat, 2-heptanone produces anxiety-like behavior and an increased firing rate of basal amygdaline n ...
An alarm pheromone increases the responsivity of
... some strategies directed towards survival. Strategies of survival involve emotional memory which is processed by deep temporal lobe structures, such as amygdaloid complex and hippocampus. In the Wistar rat, 2-heptanone produces anxiety-like behavior and an increased firing rate of basal amygdaline n ...
... some strategies directed towards survival. Strategies of survival involve emotional memory which is processed by deep temporal lobe structures, such as amygdaloid complex and hippocampus. In the Wistar rat, 2-heptanone produces anxiety-like behavior and an increased firing rate of basal amygdaline n ...
Neuronal circuitries involved in thermoregulation
... investigating thermoregulation directed their efforts to the analysis of these thermosensitive neurons. Their (implicit) assumption was that thermosensitivity is a distinctive characteristic of neurons playing a role in thermoregulation. Neurons displaying thermosensitivity, however, could be record ...
... investigating thermoregulation directed their efforts to the analysis of these thermosensitive neurons. Their (implicit) assumption was that thermosensitivity is a distinctive characteristic of neurons playing a role in thermoregulation. Neurons displaying thermosensitivity, however, could be record ...
Growth arrest specific gene 7 is associated with schizophrenia and
... consequently govern axon guidance and synaptic plasticity [8]. Abnormalities in those processes may alter the strength of information processing and thus participate in the pathogenesis of human developmental brain diseases such as schizophrenia [9]. A recent paper reported that, in cultured olfacto ...
... consequently govern axon guidance and synaptic plasticity [8]. Abnormalities in those processes may alter the strength of information processing and thus participate in the pathogenesis of human developmental brain diseases such as schizophrenia [9]. A recent paper reported that, in cultured olfacto ...
Cortical mechanisms of sensory learning and object recognition
... Selectivity can be increased by raising thresholds, as indicated by the horizontal black line. Here, instead of firing at an intermediate level for the adjacent images, the tuning curves indicate a near or below threshold activity level for all but the preferred stimulus. This decrease in the number ...
... Selectivity can be increased by raising thresholds, as indicated by the horizontal black line. Here, instead of firing at an intermediate level for the adjacent images, the tuning curves indicate a near or below threshold activity level for all but the preferred stimulus. This decrease in the number ...
The Nervous System - Blackwell Publishing
... neurons. Their interactive nature is precisely what is so special about them. Each neuron’s activity is controlled not just by its own internal condition, but by the myriad inputs it receives from other neurons, from sensory detection apparatuses (for example, those detectors located in the skin), o ...
... neurons. Their interactive nature is precisely what is so special about them. Each neuron’s activity is controlled not just by its own internal condition, but by the myriad inputs it receives from other neurons, from sensory detection apparatuses (for example, those detectors located in the skin), o ...
PHS 398 (Rev. 9/04), Biographical Sketch Format Page
... cord that is still intact above the site of injury in the spinal cord and use the population activity of the axons in the motor tracts rather than single spikes. Spinal cord approach has at least two important advantages. First, the recorded neural signals are expected to be strongly coupled to the ...
... cord that is still intact above the site of injury in the spinal cord and use the population activity of the axons in the motor tracts rather than single spikes. Spinal cord approach has at least two important advantages. First, the recorded neural signals are expected to be strongly coupled to the ...
Phase synchronization of bursting neurons in clustered small
... connectivity of the cat suggests that a model for numerical simulations of this structure can be a clustered network, or a network formed by interacting subnetworks [10]. The subnetworks stand for the clusters and the neurons in subnetworks are connected with neurons belonging to the same cluster an ...
... connectivity of the cat suggests that a model for numerical simulations of this structure can be a clustered network, or a network formed by interacting subnetworks [10]. The subnetworks stand for the clusters and the neurons in subnetworks are connected with neurons belonging to the same cluster an ...
Stimulus-Dependent Synchronization of Neuronal Responses in the
... evoked by the same stimulus are expected to contain such synchronous episodes much more frequently than responses evoked by different stimuli. To test this prediction, we investigated response synchronization in the middle temporal area (area V5 or MT) of alert fixating macaque monkeys. This area is ...
... evoked by the same stimulus are expected to contain such synchronous episodes much more frequently than responses evoked by different stimuli. To test this prediction, we investigated response synchronization in the middle temporal area (area V5 or MT) of alert fixating macaque monkeys. This area is ...
3 state neurons for contextual processing
... Abstract Neurons receive excitatory inputs via both fast AMPA and slow NMDA type receptors. We find that neurons receiving input via NMDA receptors can have two stable membrane states which are input dependent. Action potentials can only be initiated from the higher voltage state. Similar observatio ...
... Abstract Neurons receive excitatory inputs via both fast AMPA and slow NMDA type receptors. We find that neurons receiving input via NMDA receptors can have two stable membrane states which are input dependent. Action potentials can only be initiated from the higher voltage state. Similar observatio ...
Cerebellum: Movement Regulation and Cognitive Functions
... amounts of information about the states of body parts, of objects around us and of ongoing brain activities. This variety of information is conveyed to the cerebellum by its mossy fibre inputs. The state of body parts is monitored by our kinaesthetic receptors, which signal the forces, lengths and ve ...
... amounts of information about the states of body parts, of objects around us and of ongoing brain activities. This variety of information is conveyed to the cerebellum by its mossy fibre inputs. The state of body parts is monitored by our kinaesthetic receptors, which signal the forces, lengths and ve ...
Neuronal Correlates for Preparatory Set Associated with Pro
... Electrophysiolog y. All experimental procedures were in accordance with the C anadian Council on Animal C are policy on the use and care of laboratory animals and approved by the Queen’s University Animal C are Committee. Surgical, electrophysiological, and data acquisition methods were described pr ...
... Electrophysiolog y. All experimental procedures were in accordance with the C anadian Council on Animal C are policy on the use and care of laboratory animals and approved by the Queen’s University Animal C are Committee. Surgical, electrophysiological, and data acquisition methods were described pr ...
Chapter 2: The Biological Basis of Behavior
... A teacher grading papers opens the door of the room in which she has been working and becomes aware of loud rock music coming from her son's radio. When she asks him to turn it off, he asks why she is just noticing it now when he's had it on for over 20 minutes. Which of the following psychological ...
... A teacher grading papers opens the door of the room in which she has been working and becomes aware of loud rock music coming from her son's radio. When she asks him to turn it off, he asks why she is just noticing it now when he's had it on for over 20 minutes. Which of the following psychological ...
Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus–external
... spontaneous activity have been characterized most completely for STN neurons. In these neurons, voltage-gated Na+ channels that inactivate slowly are the primary source of current during the depolarizing phase of the oscillation [57–58]. The period and precision of the oscillation are controlled, at ...
... spontaneous activity have been characterized most completely for STN neurons. In these neurons, voltage-gated Na+ channels that inactivate slowly are the primary source of current during the depolarizing phase of the oscillation [57–58]. The period and precision of the oscillation are controlled, at ...
Neural oscillation
Neural oscillation is rhythmic or repetitive neural activity in the central nervous system. Neural tissue can generate oscillatory activity in many ways, driven either by mechanisms within individual neurons or by interactions between neurons. In individual neurons, oscillations can appear either as oscillations in membrane potential or as rhythmic patterns of action potentials, which then produce oscillatory activation of post-synaptic neurons. At the level of neural ensembles, synchronized activity of large numbers of neurons can give rise to macroscopic oscillations, which can be observed in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Oscillatory activity in groups of neurons generally arises from feedback connections between the neurons that result in the synchronization of their firing patterns. The interaction between neurons can give rise to oscillations at a different frequency than the firing frequency of individual neurons. A well-known example of macroscopic neural oscillations is alpha activity.Neural oscillations were observed by researchers as early as 1924 (by Hans Berger). More than 50 years later, intrinsic oscillatory behavior was encountered in vertebrate neurons, but its functional role is still not fully understood. The possible roles of neural oscillations include feature binding, information transfer mechanisms and the generation of rhythmic motor output. Over the last decades more insight has been gained, especially with advances in brain imaging. A major area of research in neuroscience involves determining how oscillations are generated and what their roles are. Oscillatory activity in the brain is widely observed at different levels of observation and is thought to play a key role in processing neural information. Numerous experimental studies support a functional role of neural oscillations; a unified interpretation, however, is still lacking.