Imitation, Empathy, and Mirror Neurons
... actions, such as reaching and grasping, during which we can observe our own arm and hand reach and grasp for objects surrounding us. Also, mirrors and other reflecting surfaces allow the observation of one’s own facial and body movement as if they were performed by somebody else. Furthermore, early i ...
... actions, such as reaching and grasping, during which we can observe our own arm and hand reach and grasp for objects surrounding us. Also, mirrors and other reflecting surfaces allow the observation of one’s own facial and body movement as if they were performed by somebody else. Furthermore, early i ...
Imitation, Empathy, and Mirror Neurons
... actions, such as reaching and grasping, during which we can observe our own arm and hand reach and grasp for objects surrounding us. Also, mirrors and other reflecting surfaces allow the observation of one’s own facial and body movement as if they were performed by somebody else. Furthermore, early i ...
... actions, such as reaching and grasping, during which we can observe our own arm and hand reach and grasp for objects surrounding us. Also, mirrors and other reflecting surfaces allow the observation of one’s own facial and body movement as if they were performed by somebody else. Furthermore, early i ...
A Neuronal Model of Predictive Coding Accounting for the
... frequency-dependent response to rare deviants, a response to unexpected repeats in alternating sequences (ABABAA. . . ), a lack of consideration of the global sequence context, a response to sound omission, and a sensitivity of the MMN to NMDA receptor antagonists. Novel predictions are presented, a ...
... frequency-dependent response to rare deviants, a response to unexpected repeats in alternating sequences (ABABAA. . . ), a lack of consideration of the global sequence context, a response to sound omission, and a sensitivity of the MMN to NMDA receptor antagonists. Novel predictions are presented, a ...
Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
... Keith L. Downing The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) ...
... Keith L. Downing The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) ...
J Comp Physiol (1982) 149: 179 193
... to large areas of the compound eye, present a strong, instantaneous perturbation of the visual system. Several thousand photoreceptors are simultaneously excited. Their signals travel along an equally large number of parallel fibres centripetally, and along particular pathways even through the whole ...
... to large areas of the compound eye, present a strong, instantaneous perturbation of the visual system. Several thousand photoreceptors are simultaneously excited. Their signals travel along an equally large number of parallel fibres centripetally, and along particular pathways even through the whole ...
LABORATORY EXERCISE 3 PHYLUM CNIDARIA
... Cnidarians (coelenterates) represent the first metazoan phylum whose members are capable of muscular locomotion. Their bodies are organized on a tissue basis and they possess a simple nervous system, a sac-like gut organ (not a system) and, in some cases, an exoskeleton. In order to become familiar ...
... Cnidarians (coelenterates) represent the first metazoan phylum whose members are capable of muscular locomotion. Their bodies are organized on a tissue basis and they possess a simple nervous system, a sac-like gut organ (not a system) and, in some cases, an exoskeleton. In order to become familiar ...
Chronic multiunit recordings in behaving animals: advantages and
... function. By the use of multiunit recording, it becomes much easier to detect relatively weak interactions between neurons at different cortical locations. ...
... function. By the use of multiunit recording, it becomes much easier to detect relatively weak interactions between neurons at different cortical locations. ...
FROM MOTIVATION TO ACTION - The University of Texas at Dallas
... Swiss neurophysiologist is widely recognized for his fundamental contributions in mapping the central representation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. for which he was awarded the Nobel prize in 1949. He also demonstrated that attack. feeding and other complex, biologically-sig ...
... Swiss neurophysiologist is widely recognized for his fundamental contributions in mapping the central representation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. for which he was awarded the Nobel prize in 1949. He also demonstrated that attack. feeding and other complex, biologically-sig ...
Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking
... risk-taking behavior with gains and losses, respectively, were used to evaluate the neural systems response to the experienced outcome: (1) selecting a risky response (40 or 80), which resulted in reward; and (2) selecting a risky response, which resulted in punishment (−40 or −80). These regressors ...
... risk-taking behavior with gains and losses, respectively, were used to evaluate the neural systems response to the experienced outcome: (1) selecting a risky response (40 or 80), which resulted in reward; and (2) selecting a risky response, which resulted in punishment (−40 or −80). These regressors ...
The Receptive Fields of Inferior Temporal Cortex Neurons in Natural
... had to make up to eight saccades before its search found the target. There was no clear pattern to these saccades, and it was only when a saccade landed near the object that the monkey reached to touch the object if it was the target of the search. In the blank scene, often one saccade was sufficien ...
... had to make up to eight saccades before its search found the target. There was no clear pattern to these saccades, and it was only when a saccade landed near the object that the monkey reached to touch the object if it was the target of the search. In the blank scene, often one saccade was sufficien ...
The Impact of Prior Experience With Cross-Modal
... refers to the general increase in the number of action potentials measured when a second modality is presented to a cell doing MI, while depression refers to the general decrease in the number of action potentials. Meredith and Stein (1983) demonstrated that a sensory stimulus (light) presented to a ...
... refers to the general increase in the number of action potentials measured when a second modality is presented to a cell doing MI, while depression refers to the general decrease in the number of action potentials. Meredith and Stein (1983) demonstrated that a sensory stimulus (light) presented to a ...
Evidence of Basal Temporo-occipital Cortex
... by 10 mm and therefore they had a restricted area or recording which may have included only fusiform regions with more prominent responses to positive disparities. We also found responses to static RDS in the pericalcarine area. These responses may be due to the pattern change caused by the onset an ...
... by 10 mm and therefore they had a restricted area or recording which may have included only fusiform regions with more prominent responses to positive disparities. We also found responses to static RDS in the pericalcarine area. These responses may be due to the pattern change caused by the onset an ...
1.2 Implicit Bias, Reinforcement Learning, and Scaffolded Moral
... track: some systems learn gradually, and depend on repeated exposure to an associative relation; others learn rapidly, treating recent experience as authoritative. But once these systems are calibrated against a pattern of rewards and punishments, they often become inflexible (Dayan et al., 2006). T ...
... track: some systems learn gradually, and depend on repeated exposure to an associative relation; others learn rapidly, treating recent experience as authoritative. But once these systems are calibrated against a pattern of rewards and punishments, they often become inflexible (Dayan et al., 2006). T ...
Copy of the full paper
... signals by precisely computing the neurons’ asynchronous spikes. Neuron models can precisely describe the biophysics of spikes (action potentials) by computing the currents flowing through cell membrane and synaptic nodes. It is possible to reduce the size of these models to facilitate their computa ...
... signals by precisely computing the neurons’ asynchronous spikes. Neuron models can precisely describe the biophysics of spikes (action potentials) by computing the currents flowing through cell membrane and synaptic nodes. It is possible to reduce the size of these models to facilitate their computa ...
Chapter 15 The Nervous System
... Peripheral Nervous System The peripheral nervous system consists of a network of nerves that branch out from the central nervous system and connect it to the rest of the body. The peripheral nervous system is involved in both involuntary and voluntary actions. ...
... Peripheral Nervous System The peripheral nervous system consists of a network of nerves that branch out from the central nervous system and connect it to the rest of the body. The peripheral nervous system is involved in both involuntary and voluntary actions. ...
Olfaction in Invertebrates: Manduca. In: Squire LR (ed). Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, vol 7, pp 49-57. Oxford: Academic Press.
... technique: first, whether odor representation is conserved within the species, and second, whether the activity pattern elicited by an odor is sufficient to predict the odor stimulus. The combinatorial pattern of glomerular activity is indeed highly conserved between individuals, indicating a tight ...
... technique: first, whether odor representation is conserved within the species, and second, whether the activity pattern elicited by an odor is sufficient to predict the odor stimulus. The combinatorial pattern of glomerular activity is indeed highly conserved between individuals, indicating a tight ...
Gustatory processing is dynamic and distributed Donald B
... that the gustatory system is made-up of networks of feedforward and feedback pathways. Figure 1b presents a simple reconceptualization of the system with the goal of assisting the reader in understanding the dynamic and distributed nature of gustatory processing. The gustatory system is separated in ...
... that the gustatory system is made-up of networks of feedforward and feedback pathways. Figure 1b presents a simple reconceptualization of the system with the goal of assisting the reader in understanding the dynamic and distributed nature of gustatory processing. The gustatory system is separated in ...
PART IV INTEGRATION AND COORDINATION IN HUMANS
... The brain is always involved in voluntary actions but reflexes are automatic, and some do not require involvement of the brain. The Reflex Arc When a reflex occurs a stimulus causes sensory receptors to generate nerve impulses which are conducted by sensory nerve fibers to interneurons in the spinal ...
... The brain is always involved in voluntary actions but reflexes are automatic, and some do not require involvement of the brain. The Reflex Arc When a reflex occurs a stimulus causes sensory receptors to generate nerve impulses which are conducted by sensory nerve fibers to interneurons in the spinal ...
13 Nervous System
... The brain is always involved in voluntary actions but reflexes are automatic, and some do not require involvement of the brain. The Reflex Arc When a reflex occurs a stimulus causes sensory receptors to generate nerve impulses which are conducted by sensory nerve fibers to interneurons in the spinal ...
... The brain is always involved in voluntary actions but reflexes are automatic, and some do not require involvement of the brain. The Reflex Arc When a reflex occurs a stimulus causes sensory receptors to generate nerve impulses which are conducted by sensory nerve fibers to interneurons in the spinal ...
The epistemic value of brain-machine systems for the study of the
... addition, leading researchers have claimed that bionics technologies can provide unique and new experimental tools to discover brain mechanisms. For example, Wander and Rao (2014) claim that brain-machine interfaces “can … be tremendously powerful tools for scientific inquiry into the workings of th ...
... addition, leading researchers have claimed that bionics technologies can provide unique and new experimental tools to discover brain mechanisms. For example, Wander and Rao (2014) claim that brain-machine interfaces “can … be tremendously powerful tools for scientific inquiry into the workings of th ...
Motor Cortical Networks for Skilled Movements Have Reaching
... was used to separate periods of neural activity occurring during task performance from periods of continuous raw data acquisition. Analogue trigger signals occurred when the animal’s reaching forelimb deformed a laser beam and were used to isolate a 3-second epoch of neural data: starting 1.5 second ...
... was used to separate periods of neural activity occurring during task performance from periods of continuous raw data acquisition. Analogue trigger signals occurred when the animal’s reaching forelimb deformed a laser beam and were used to isolate a 3-second epoch of neural data: starting 1.5 second ...
Nervous System PPT
... of the CNS in order to create a response to the stimulus through chemical synapse activity. White Matter: It contains nerve fibers. Many of these nerve fibers (axons) are surrounded by a type of fat called myelin. The myelin gives the white matter it's color. Myelin acts as an insulator. It plays an ...
... of the CNS in order to create a response to the stimulus through chemical synapse activity. White Matter: It contains nerve fibers. Many of these nerve fibers (axons) are surrounded by a type of fat called myelin. The myelin gives the white matter it's color. Myelin acts as an insulator. It plays an ...
A Feedback Model of Visual Attention
... convey information in the reverse direction and lateral connections integrate information across the visual field (Lamme et al., 1998; Lamme and Roelfsema, 2000). Feedforward and feedback connections can be distinguished by the cortical layers from which they originate and in which they terminate, a ...
... convey information in the reverse direction and lateral connections integrate information across the visual field (Lamme et al., 1998; Lamme and Roelfsema, 2000). Feedforward and feedback connections can be distinguished by the cortical layers from which they originate and in which they terminate, a ...
PDF
... the teaching signal was further enriched to better fit the pertaining biological data on the responses of DA neurons to novel stimuli. The actor in these models was comprised of one layer of neurons, each representing a specific action. It learned stimulus-action pairs based on the prediction error ...
... the teaching signal was further enriched to better fit the pertaining biological data on the responses of DA neurons to novel stimuli. The actor in these models was comprised of one layer of neurons, each representing a specific action. It learned stimulus-action pairs based on the prediction error ...
Ethological Aspects of Stress in a Model Lizard, Anolis carolinensis1
... provide indices of the flux of circulating stress-relevant hormones, and are seen in situations from spontaneous exploration through agonistic behavior. Furthermore, captive adult males spontaneously and consistently manifest social dominance relationships that provide many of the elements of a stre ...
... provide indices of the flux of circulating stress-relevant hormones, and are seen in situations from spontaneous exploration through agonistic behavior. Furthermore, captive adult males spontaneously and consistently manifest social dominance relationships that provide many of the elements of a stre ...
Neuroethology
Neuroethology is the evolutionary and comparative approach to the study of animal behavior and its underlying mechanistic control by the nervous system. This interdisciplinary branch of behavioral neuroscience endeavors to understand how the central nervous system translates biologically relevant stimuli into natural behavior. For example, many bats are capable of echolocation which is used for prey capture and navigation. The auditory system of bats is often cited as an example for how acoustic properties of sounds can be converted into a sensory map of behaviorally relevant features of sounds. Neuroethologists hope to uncover general principles of the nervous system from the study of animals with exaggerated or specialized behaviors.As its name implies, neuroethology is a multidisciplinary field composed of neurobiology (the study of the nervous system) and ethology (the study of behavior in natural conditions). A central theme of the field of neuroethology, delineating it from other branches of neuroscience, is this focus on natural behavior. Natural behaviors may be thought of as those behaviors generated through means of natural selection (i.e. finding mates, navigation, locomotion, predator avoidance) rather than behaviors in disease states, or behavioral tasks that are particular to the laboratory.