![Saccades and multisaccadic gaze shifts are gated by different](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/007937126_1-407579c3f6f7b040032483f3c861ea48-300x300.png)
Saccades and multisaccadic gaze shifts are gated by different
... We used glass microelectrodes filled with 3.8 M NaCl and bevelled to tip diameters of 1.5–2.0 µm and resistances of 1.5–2.0 M. Only perisomatic extracellular recordings were retained for the study. We identified them by triphasic spikes with a negative main component that could be monitored over a d ...
... We used glass microelectrodes filled with 3.8 M NaCl and bevelled to tip diameters of 1.5–2.0 µm and resistances of 1.5–2.0 M. Only perisomatic extracellular recordings were retained for the study. We identified them by triphasic spikes with a negative main component that could be monitored over a d ...
Characterization of peripheral osmoreceptors - diss.fu
... gain of systemic water or electrolytes results in changes in ECF osmolality which causes water to flow across cell membranes in order to reach an osmotic equilibrium between the cell’s cytoplasm and the ECF (Strange 2004). This leads to changes in cell volume and intracellular ionic strength. A hype ...
... gain of systemic water or electrolytes results in changes in ECF osmolality which causes water to flow across cell membranes in order to reach an osmotic equilibrium between the cell’s cytoplasm and the ECF (Strange 2004). This leads to changes in cell volume and intracellular ionic strength. A hype ...
Aberrant changes of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in brain of a
... Excessive excitation or loss of inhibitory neurotransmission has been closely related to epileptic activity. Somatostatin (SST) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) are members of endogenous neuropeptides which are recognized as important modulator of classical neurotransmitter, distributed abundantly in mammal ...
... Excessive excitation or loss of inhibitory neurotransmission has been closely related to epileptic activity. Somatostatin (SST) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) are members of endogenous neuropeptides which are recognized as important modulator of classical neurotransmitter, distributed abundantly in mammal ...
Hasson-JNeurosci2008.. - Center for Neural Science
... of the ever changing sensory input. In contrast, TRWs in some higher level areas should be longer, allowing them to process information from perceptual and cognitive events that unfold over time. (Note, however that the specific aim of this study was to assess the TRWs in each brain area independent ...
... of the ever changing sensory input. In contrast, TRWs in some higher level areas should be longer, allowing them to process information from perceptual and cognitive events that unfold over time. (Note, however that the specific aim of this study was to assess the TRWs in each brain area independent ...
Networks of Spiking Neurons: The Third Generation of
... bit 1 is coded by the firing of a neuron within a certain short time window, and 0 by the non-firing of this neuron within this time window (see e.g., Valiant, 1994). However, under this coding scheme a threshold circuit provides a reasonably good model for a network of spiking neurons only if the f ...
... bit 1 is coded by the firing of a neuron within a certain short time window, and 0 by the non-firing of this neuron within this time window (see e.g., Valiant, 1994). However, under this coding scheme a threshold circuit provides a reasonably good model for a network of spiking neurons only if the f ...
Brain Res Bull. 2002, 58:529-39
... on the sides and roof of the cavity. These lamina radiate anteriorly folding with some fibers which, close to the medial line, join with those from the other lobe, thus forming a medullary commissure. The ash-colored body on top of the base of the radiating fibers, and called the corpus striatum or ...
... on the sides and roof of the cavity. These lamina radiate anteriorly folding with some fibers which, close to the medial line, join with those from the other lobe, thus forming a medullary commissure. The ash-colored body on top of the base of the radiating fibers, and called the corpus striatum or ...
Neurons in Anterior Cingulate Cortex Multiplex
... center of the screen. Once monkeys had Figure 1. Schematic of eight-target saccade choice task and recording location. A, Small yellow fixation point appears, suraligned gaze with this square (⫾2°), a half sec- rounded by eight white squares arranged in a ring. When a monkey fixates on a point, its ...
... center of the screen. Once monkeys had Figure 1. Schematic of eight-target saccade choice task and recording location. A, Small yellow fixation point appears, suraligned gaze with this square (⫾2°), a half sec- rounded by eight white squares arranged in a ring. When a monkey fixates on a point, its ...
Emo7onal decision‐making systems and their role in addic7on
... these two cognitive systems, Kahneman summarized that: “…the operations of System 1 are typically fast, automatic, effortless, associative, implicit (not available to introspection), and often emotionally charged; they are also governed by habit and are therefore difBicult to control or modify…” ...
... these two cognitive systems, Kahneman summarized that: “…the operations of System 1 are typically fast, automatic, effortless, associative, implicit (not available to introspection), and often emotionally charged; they are also governed by habit and are therefore difBicult to control or modify…” ...
Where do mirror neurons come from?
... example, the probability of the second event occurring must be higher when the first event has occurred than when the first event has not occurred. Both psychological and neural models of associative learning (Schultz and Dickinson, 2000) suggest that the change in behaviour results primarily from the ...
... example, the probability of the second event occurring must be higher when the first event has occurred than when the first event has not occurred. Both psychological and neural models of associative learning (Schultz and Dickinson, 2000) suggest that the change in behaviour results primarily from the ...
Rethinking Mammalian Brain Evolution1
... remarkable array of new insights into the patterns of brain diversity. Now that tracer techniques have filled this crucial gap in information about basic neural functional anatomy, these data can be integrated with data from physiological and quantitative studies to provide all the pieces of evidenc ...
... remarkable array of new insights into the patterns of brain diversity. Now that tracer techniques have filled this crucial gap in information about basic neural functional anatomy, these data can be integrated with data from physiological and quantitative studies to provide all the pieces of evidenc ...
A Theory of Cerebral Cortex - Temporal Dynamics of Learning Center
... arbitrarily (and permanently) assigned to represent exactly one unique English word of the 10,000 most frequently seen words in a 1.4 billion word corpus of general proper English text (e.g., news stories). Concatenating the sentences of the corpus into one long string of words with punctuation (and ...
... arbitrarily (and permanently) assigned to represent exactly one unique English word of the 10,000 most frequently seen words in a 1.4 billion word corpus of general proper English text (e.g., news stories). Concatenating the sentences of the corpus into one long string of words with punctuation (and ...
Conserved pattern of tangential neuronal migration
... generated in the subpallium are GABA positive. Restricted sectors of the dorsal and ventral subpallium express distinct genes and are responsible for the production of migrating cells. The DVR itself does not contribute any tangentially migrating neurons, but the region lying ventral to it appears t ...
... generated in the subpallium are GABA positive. Restricted sectors of the dorsal and ventral subpallium express distinct genes and are responsible for the production of migrating cells. The DVR itself does not contribute any tangentially migrating neurons, but the region lying ventral to it appears t ...
Y.I. Molkov, Baroreflex models, Encyclopedia of Computational
... barosensitive neuron receives inputs from the first-order ones, whose thresholds lie in a definite small interval of pressure values. Rose et al. (1995) used this architecture in their model of baroreflex control of heart rate. The neural portion of their model included baroreceptors, neurons of the ...
... barosensitive neuron receives inputs from the first-order ones, whose thresholds lie in a definite small interval of pressure values. Rose et al. (1995) used this architecture in their model of baroreflex control of heart rate. The neural portion of their model included baroreceptors, neurons of the ...
Voyages in Development, Second Edition, Spencer A. Rathus
... – Axons grow in length – Dendrites and axon terminals proliferate – Connection networks become more complex ...
... – Axons grow in length – Dendrites and axon terminals proliferate – Connection networks become more complex ...
Short title: Thalamocortical computations during tactile sensation
... movement and touch (Table 1; Fig. 1c, d; see S1 Fig, S2 Fig. for representative examples) [35]. ...
... movement and touch (Table 1; Fig. 1c, d; see S1 Fig, S2 Fig. for representative examples) [35]. ...
Relationship of Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus–Globus Pallidus
... (two STN and three GP neurons) when robust modulation could not be achieved, the position of the recorded unit was marked by a discrete extracellular deposit of neurobiotin (100 nA anodal current; 1 sec (50%) duty cycle for 30 – 60 min). After the experiment, the animals were given a lethal dose of ...
... (two STN and three GP neurons) when robust modulation could not be achieved, the position of the recorded unit was marked by a discrete extracellular deposit of neurobiotin (100 nA anodal current; 1 sec (50%) duty cycle for 30 – 60 min). After the experiment, the animals were given a lethal dose of ...
AMPA Receptor Calcium Permeability, GluR2
... amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Motoneurons have been shown in various models to be more susceptible to AMPA receptormediated injury than other spinal neurons. It has been hypothesized that this selective vulnerability of motoneurons is caused by the expression of highly Ca 21-permeable AMPA receptor ...
... amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Motoneurons have been shown in various models to be more susceptible to AMPA receptormediated injury than other spinal neurons. It has been hypothesized that this selective vulnerability of motoneurons is caused by the expression of highly Ca 21-permeable AMPA receptor ...
Clustered Organization of Neurons with Similar Extra
... performed, among which six were relatively normal to the cortical surface (see Figures 3D and 3E). In these normal penetrations, the distribution of neuron groups with alternating inhibitory and facilitatory ERF properties was also found. This suggests that, unlike that for orientation and ocular do ...
... performed, among which six were relatively normal to the cortical surface (see Figures 3D and 3E). In these normal penetrations, the distribution of neuron groups with alternating inhibitory and facilitatory ERF properties was also found. This suggests that, unlike that for orientation and ocular do ...
mRNA at the Synapse - Journal of Neuroscience
... handful of mRNAs as located either exclusively in the cell soma or in both the soma and processes, they were not able to address the question of mRNA localization in more specialized subcellular domains. First, probes for relatively abundant RNAs are generally required, as low-level expression is di ...
... handful of mRNAs as located either exclusively in the cell soma or in both the soma and processes, they were not able to address the question of mRNA localization in more specialized subcellular domains. First, probes for relatively abundant RNAs are generally required, as low-level expression is di ...
REVIEWS - Institute for Applied Psychometrics
... data10–12. However, recent advances that challenge the traditional pacemaker–accumulator model have come from studies that use various modern techniques, which range from drug microinjection and ensemble recording in genetically modified and wild-type rodents to functional MRI (fMRI) and positron em ...
... data10–12. However, recent advances that challenge the traditional pacemaker–accumulator model have come from studies that use various modern techniques, which range from drug microinjection and ensemble recording in genetically modified and wild-type rodents to functional MRI (fMRI) and positron em ...
Linea alba conus medullaris: a stable anatomical
... the filum durae mater spinalis, which leave the sacral canal through the sacral foramen to adhere the periost of the second lumbar vertebrae [3–7]. The structure of the pia mater is that of loose connective tissue, containing collagen, elastin and reticulin fibers with flat mesothyliocytes like thos ...
... the filum durae mater spinalis, which leave the sacral canal through the sacral foramen to adhere the periost of the second lumbar vertebrae [3–7]. The structure of the pia mater is that of loose connective tissue, containing collagen, elastin and reticulin fibers with flat mesothyliocytes like thos ...
Pituitary Gland Functional Connectivity and BMI by Paige Rucker A
... running data, pushing me in the right direction, and reading my work. Without you, this thesis would not be possible. I cannot thank you enough for allowing me to work alongside you in this endeavor. Secondly, I would like to thank Drs. del Arco and Loftin for joining my thesis committee as readers. ...
... running data, pushing me in the right direction, and reading my work. Without you, this thesis would not be possible. I cannot thank you enough for allowing me to work alongside you in this endeavor. Secondly, I would like to thank Drs. del Arco and Loftin for joining my thesis committee as readers. ...
α3β1 integrin modulates neuronal migration and placement during
... t-test); n=75 for wild type and for mutant]. To assess possible malpositioning of upper layer interneurons, we immunolabeled wild-type and α3 integrin deficient cortices with calretinin and calbindin antibodies. Anti-calretinin and calbindin antibodies primarily label distinct groups of non-pyramida ...
... t-test); n=75 for wild type and for mutant]. To assess possible malpositioning of upper layer interneurons, we immunolabeled wild-type and α3 integrin deficient cortices with calretinin and calbindin antibodies. Anti-calretinin and calbindin antibodies primarily label distinct groups of non-pyramida ...
Neuroanatomy
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Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.