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Hybrid Scheme for Modeling Local Field Potentials from Point
... The network model of Potjans and Diesmann (2014) is chosen here since it has a minimum level of detail in the sense that individual neurons have simplified leaky integrate-andfire (LIF) dynamics, but still represents a cortical column with full density of neurons and connections. The connectivity in s ...
... The network model of Potjans and Diesmann (2014) is chosen here since it has a minimum level of detail in the sense that individual neurons have simplified leaky integrate-andfire (LIF) dynamics, but still represents a cortical column with full density of neurons and connections. The connectivity in s ...
PATHWAYS FOR EMOTION : INTERACTIONS OF PREFRONTAL AND THE RHESUS MONKEY
... cortices. In one of these cases (case BA) it was also possible to visualize anterograde label from temporal area TE in the amygdala, with the aid of the tracer FR. Finally, we included a few observations on the comparison of the cortical zones of the amygdala with zones that project to some hypothal ...
... cortices. In one of these cases (case BA) it was also possible to visualize anterograde label from temporal area TE in the amygdala, with the aid of the tracer FR. Finally, we included a few observations on the comparison of the cortical zones of the amygdala with zones that project to some hypothal ...
GnRH Protein Levels in Atrazine-Treated Axolotls
... sexual malformations, immune disruption, and behavioral changes, all of which could conceivably be downstream of changes in GnRH release, and more directly, because gross abnormalities in reproductive function are likely to be attributable to a disruption “high” within the reproductive axis. The mos ...
... sexual malformations, immune disruption, and behavioral changes, all of which could conceivably be downstream of changes in GnRH release, and more directly, because gross abnormalities in reproductive function are likely to be attributable to a disruption “high” within the reproductive axis. The mos ...
... Patient-derived serum Serum samples from patients with NCLs [INCL, n = 2; LINCL, n = 3; JNCL, n = 59; and vLINCL (CLN6), n = 1] were provided by (i) volunteers at annual Batten Disease Support and Research Association (BDSRA) Family Meetings; (ii) Professor P. Santavuori (University of Helsinki, Fin ...
Layer II/III of the Prefrontal Cortex: Inhibition by the Serotonin
... the expression of the 5-HT1A receptor in the forebrain (Gross et al., 2002) during the early postnatal period is sufficient to produce an anxiety-like phenotype in adulthood. Despite the strong association between prefrontal 5-HT1A receptors and adult psychopathology, it has yet to be established wh ...
... the expression of the 5-HT1A receptor in the forebrain (Gross et al., 2002) during the early postnatal period is sufficient to produce an anxiety-like phenotype in adulthood. Despite the strong association between prefrontal 5-HT1A receptors and adult psychopathology, it has yet to be established wh ...
Current Opinion in Neurobiology (2004)
... from recent human imaging studies [34,35,36]. In one study [34], amygdala activation was related to presentation of visual signals for pleasant odors early in training, but this response habituated over training, whereas medial OFC activity associated with those visual cues was maintained. Ano ...
... from recent human imaging studies [34,35,36]. In one study [34], amygdala activation was related to presentation of visual signals for pleasant odors early in training, but this response habituated over training, whereas medial OFC activity associated with those visual cues was maintained. Ano ...
The Resilience of Computationalism - Philsci
... number of technologies. Today’s main computing technology is electronic, but computers used to be built out of mechanical or electromechanical components, and there is active research on so ...
... number of technologies. Today’s main computing technology is electronic, but computers used to be built out of mechanical or electromechanical components, and there is active research on so ...
22 The Anatomy and Physiology of the Motor System in Humans
... are important components of this system since they not only have descending inputs into the brain-stem, but also, they are part of closed loops from and to the cerebral cortex. Note that even when both loops pass through the thalamus towards the cerebral cortex, each one of them has a private line i ...
... are important components of this system since they not only have descending inputs into the brain-stem, but also, they are part of closed loops from and to the cerebral cortex. Note that even when both loops pass through the thalamus towards the cerebral cortex, each one of them has a private line i ...
doc PHGY311
... classified on the basis of their anatomic location or the principal neuropeptide that their cells produce. However, these are not discrete definitions of cell groups; some hypothalamic nuclei may contain more than 1 neuronal cell type. It is best to consider the groups of neurons as clusters of neur ...
... classified on the basis of their anatomic location or the principal neuropeptide that their cells produce. However, these are not discrete definitions of cell groups; some hypothalamic nuclei may contain more than 1 neuronal cell type. It is best to consider the groups of neurons as clusters of neur ...
Normalization as a canonical neural computation
... A third kind of computation has been seen to operate in various neural systems: divisive normalization. Normalization computes a ratio between the response of an individual neuron and the summed activity of a pool of neurons. Normalization was proposed in the early 1990s to explain non-linear proper ...
... A third kind of computation has been seen to operate in various neural systems: divisive normalization. Normalization computes a ratio between the response of an individual neuron and the summed activity of a pool of neurons. Normalization was proposed in the early 1990s to explain non-linear proper ...
Prediction of Subjective Affective State From Brain Activations
... state or prospective rating in the stimulus-dependent crosscorrelations between the voxels, i.e., in the higher-order statistics. An example of the latter might be that independently of the mean level of activation of a set of voxels, if some voxels varied together for one event, but not for another ...
... state or prospective rating in the stimulus-dependent crosscorrelations between the voxels, i.e., in the higher-order statistics. An example of the latter might be that independently of the mean level of activation of a set of voxels, if some voxels varied together for one event, but not for another ...
Realistic synaptic inputs for model neural networks
... d e n t state, E = 0, an unstable intermediate state and a stable self-sustainedfiring state for whidt the firing rate is essentially the maximum srnglenevron rate. The firing rate for this state is unrealistically high. model neuron used throughout this discussion consists of an active soma and a s ...
... d e n t state, E = 0, an unstable intermediate state and a stable self-sustainedfiring state for whidt the firing rate is essentially the maximum srnglenevron rate. The firing rate for this state is unrealistically high. model neuron used throughout this discussion consists of an active soma and a s ...
Perception Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to
... In most in vitro studies of STDP, the induction protocol consists of relatively simple spike patterns with pre/post spikes paired at regular intervals. The advantage of this approach is that each induction pattern can be described by a small number of parameters, and the dependence of synaptic modif ...
... In most in vitro studies of STDP, the induction protocol consists of relatively simple spike patterns with pre/post spikes paired at regular intervals. The advantage of this approach is that each induction pattern can be described by a small number of parameters, and the dependence of synaptic modif ...
Shape Selectivity in Primate Frontal Eye Field
... transforming the outcome of visual processing into a command to orient (Schall 2004). Several more recent investigations have shown that although the initial activity of visually responsive neurons in FEF does not discriminate whether a target or distractor stimulus appears in their receptive fields ...
... transforming the outcome of visual processing into a command to orient (Schall 2004). Several more recent investigations have shown that although the initial activity of visually responsive neurons in FEF does not discriminate whether a target or distractor stimulus appears in their receptive fields ...
Development and aging of cortical thickness correspond to genetic
... the genetic organization of the cortex, with change rates varying as a function of genetic similarity. This result indicates early impact of genes on brain development and age-related changes later in life. The findings are discussed in detail below. Cortical Thinning Throughout the Lifespan. We obs ...
... the genetic organization of the cortex, with change rates varying as a function of genetic similarity. This result indicates early impact of genes on brain development and age-related changes later in life. The findings are discussed in detail below. Cortical Thinning Throughout the Lifespan. We obs ...
Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception
... nonlinearity in dendritic integration are thought to endow individual pyramidal neurons with enhanced processing capacity (44, 94), the computational power can only be harvested if the inputs carrying different signals are segregated into distinct regions (8, 72). In fact, the importance of domain-s ...
... nonlinearity in dendritic integration are thought to endow individual pyramidal neurons with enhanced processing capacity (44, 94), the computational power can only be harvested if the inputs carrying different signals are segregated into distinct regions (8, 72). In fact, the importance of domain-s ...
Reduced functional connectivity within and between `social` resting
... network subserves are correlated with the resting functional connectivity of that network (Seeley et al., 2007). In light of these observations, an interesting question is to what extent task-based differences in specific brain regions in ASC are reflected in different connectivity patterns of their ...
... network subserves are correlated with the resting functional connectivity of that network (Seeley et al., 2007). In light of these observations, an interesting question is to what extent task-based differences in specific brain regions in ASC are reflected in different connectivity patterns of their ...
Onychophoran head segmentation
... coelomic cavity and appendage. A segment is normally defined as a repetitive unit with structures such as neuromeres, coelomic cavities, appendages, annuli, set of muscles and nephridia (Scholtz, 2002). Apart from annuli and muscle sets, all of these characters are associated with each of the three ...
... coelomic cavity and appendage. A segment is normally defined as a repetitive unit with structures such as neuromeres, coelomic cavities, appendages, annuli, set of muscles and nephridia (Scholtz, 2002). Apart from annuli and muscle sets, all of these characters are associated with each of the three ...
Topographic Organization of Connections Between the Hypothalamus and
... microscope. The number of labeled neurons within the enclosed area was calculated by an algorithm written for this purpose. Because many hypothalamic nuclei are small, it was necessary to match the rostrocaudal level of sections across cases as much as possible to ensure equivalent opportunity to sa ...
... microscope. The number of labeled neurons within the enclosed area was calculated by an algorithm written for this purpose. Because many hypothalamic nuclei are small, it was necessary to match the rostrocaudal level of sections across cases as much as possible to ensure equivalent opportunity to sa ...
Document
... BIN1 is the second most significant Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factor gene identified through genome-wide association studies. BIN1 is an adaptor protein that can bind to several proteins including c-Myc, clathrin, adaptor protein-2 and dynamin. BIN1 is widely expressed in the brain and periphera ...
... BIN1 is the second most significant Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factor gene identified through genome-wide association studies. BIN1 is an adaptor protein that can bind to several proteins including c-Myc, clathrin, adaptor protein-2 and dynamin. BIN1 is widely expressed in the brain and periphera ...
NBio 146
... Hyperdense = increased tissue density = much lighter than brain tissue in CT Hypodense = decreased tissue density = much darker than brain tissue in CT Adipose tissue is hypodense bcz fat is less dense than water. Muscle has similar density to brain tissue. White matter is slightly darker (less dens ...
... Hyperdense = increased tissue density = much lighter than brain tissue in CT Hypodense = decreased tissue density = much darker than brain tissue in CT Adipose tissue is hypodense bcz fat is less dense than water. Muscle has similar density to brain tissue. White matter is slightly darker (less dens ...
Neural stem cell engineering: directed differentiation of adult and
... emphasis will be on approaches to direct cell differentiation into therapeutically valuable cell types, as well as on their subsequent implantation into animal models. Furthermore, the role of signals from the stem cell niche or microenvironment in controlling cell behavior will be discussed, in par ...
... emphasis will be on approaches to direct cell differentiation into therapeutically valuable cell types, as well as on their subsequent implantation into animal models. Furthermore, the role of signals from the stem cell niche or microenvironment in controlling cell behavior will be discussed, in par ...
A Model of a Segmental Oscillator in the Leech Heartbeat Neuronal
... 1983b). When isolated, either of these ganglia can produce oscillations similar in period and voltage waveform to those produced when the nerve cord is intact. Therefore, these ganglia can be considered to contain segmental oscillators (Peterson, 1983a). The segmental oscillators are coupled to each ...
... 1983b). When isolated, either of these ganglia can produce oscillations similar in period and voltage waveform to those produced when the nerve cord is intact. Therefore, these ganglia can be considered to contain segmental oscillators (Peterson, 1983a). The segmental oscillators are coupled to each ...
H-reflex down-conditioning greatly increases the number of
... interneurons from several locations. Putative GABAergic interneurons were observed throughout the spinal cord gray matter. Their sizes, shapes, and distribution were consistent with Barber et al. [4]. In the superficial dorsal horn they were small (66(±41 SD) μm2) and densely packed, and appeared as ...
... interneurons from several locations. Putative GABAergic interneurons were observed throughout the spinal cord gray matter. Their sizes, shapes, and distribution were consistent with Barber et al. [4]. In the superficial dorsal horn they were small (66(±41 SD) μm2) and densely packed, and appeared as ...
Neuroanatomy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sobo_1909_624.png?width=300)
Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.