Ectopic sensory neurons in mutant cockroaches
... SuM mimics M in terms of arborization and connectivity within the CNS, we are afforded a unique opportunity to investigate any interactions between mutant supernumerary afferents and normal afferents as they establish their central ...
... SuM mimics M in terms of arborization and connectivity within the CNS, we are afforded a unique opportunity to investigate any interactions between mutant supernumerary afferents and normal afferents as they establish their central ...
Information About Spatial View in an Ensemble of Primate
... visual cortex (Rolls et al. 1997c) and the orbitofrontal olfactory cortex (Rolls et al. 1996). Of particular interest also was how the information increases as more cells are added to the ensemble. An attractive property of distributed encoding is that the information available from an ensemble can ...
... visual cortex (Rolls et al. 1997c) and the orbitofrontal olfactory cortex (Rolls et al. 1996). Of particular interest also was how the information increases as more cells are added to the ensemble. An attractive property of distributed encoding is that the information available from an ensemble can ...
olfaction and limbic system
... - Connection between limbic and extrapyramid system - Regulates processes of reward, motivation and addiction. Cocain and nicotine cause release of dopamin from its cotical part. ...
... - Connection between limbic and extrapyramid system - Regulates processes of reward, motivation and addiction. Cocain and nicotine cause release of dopamin from its cotical part. ...
PDF file
... detectors”, such as those found in the superior central sulcus in the ventral visual pathway [2]. How the brain creates prediction signals in general relates to the fundamental question of how the brain represents time. Buonomano [4] discussed the two prevalent views of how this may be – “labeled li ...
... detectors”, such as those found in the superior central sulcus in the ventral visual pathway [2]. How the brain creates prediction signals in general relates to the fundamental question of how the brain represents time. Buonomano [4] discussed the two prevalent views of how this may be – “labeled li ...
Region-specific effects of hypothyroidism on the relative expression
... hypothyroidism [36]. The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether in vivo depletion of TH affects the relative expression of all TR isoforms expressed in adult rat cerebral tissues and consequently to delineate if there is any physiological role of the percent contribution of each isoform upon ...
... hypothyroidism [36]. The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether in vivo depletion of TH affects the relative expression of all TR isoforms expressed in adult rat cerebral tissues and consequently to delineate if there is any physiological role of the percent contribution of each isoform upon ...
Segmental Facilitation
... spinal cord with a misinterpretation Facilitation of cells in the cord along with axons from the referred area. modulation of somatosensory sensitivity at referred sites is mediated by central mechanisms. ...
... spinal cord with a misinterpretation Facilitation of cells in the cord along with axons from the referred area. modulation of somatosensory sensitivity at referred sites is mediated by central mechanisms. ...
Disrupted small-world networks in schizophrenia
... The human brain has been described as a large, sparse, complex network characterized by efficient small-world properties, which assure that the brain generates and integrates information with high efficiency. Many previous neuroimaging studies have provided consistent evidence of ‘dysfunctional conn ...
... The human brain has been described as a large, sparse, complex network characterized by efficient small-world properties, which assure that the brain generates and integrates information with high efficiency. Many previous neuroimaging studies have provided consistent evidence of ‘dysfunctional conn ...
Sensory responses and movement-related activities in extrinsic
... (Mauelshagen 1993). Fruits-¯ies (Drosophila) in which MBs were genetically or chemically ablated also demonstrated de®cits in olfactory learning (Belle and Heisenberg 1994; Connolly et al. 1996; Davis 1996). Furthermore, cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) whose MBs were surgically destroyed perform ...
... (Mauelshagen 1993). Fruits-¯ies (Drosophila) in which MBs were genetically or chemically ablated also demonstrated de®cits in olfactory learning (Belle and Heisenberg 1994; Connolly et al. 1996; Davis 1996). Furthermore, cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) whose MBs were surgically destroyed perform ...
Parkinsonian Treatments and L-Dopa vs. D
... Wyatt, and Costa that rats with lesioned in their substantia nigra were injected with Ddopa in combination with carbidopa, increased dopamine concentration in the striatum to the same concentration as a similar treatment as L- Dopa plus carbidopa. It was found that although dopamine concentrations i ...
... Wyatt, and Costa that rats with lesioned in their substantia nigra were injected with Ddopa in combination with carbidopa, increased dopamine concentration in the striatum to the same concentration as a similar treatment as L- Dopa plus carbidopa. It was found that although dopamine concentrations i ...
Expression of NADPH-d in the vagal nuclei of the
... the control of esophageal peristalsis (30–32). Murray et al. (33) suggested that NO has an inhibitory effect on the esophageal muscle contraction. It was reported that NOS expression increases in the nuclei of DMV and NTS due to acid exposure in the esophagus (5). In the present study, we also found ...
... the control of esophageal peristalsis (30–32). Murray et al. (33) suggested that NO has an inhibitory effect on the esophageal muscle contraction. It was reported that NOS expression increases in the nuclei of DMV and NTS due to acid exposure in the esophagus (5). In the present study, we also found ...
PowerPoint to accompany Hole’s Human Anatomy and
... • Frontal eye field • Above Broca’s area • Controls voluntary movements of eyes and eyelids ...
... • Frontal eye field • Above Broca’s area • Controls voluntary movements of eyes and eyelids ...
Research paper : Why the Mirror Neurons Cannot Support
... and some other issues of social behavior of humans and other animals. In fact, this discovery is really surprising. In the frontal and parietal lobes of some species of primates, there are neurons activated both when an individual performs an action and when he/ she perceives others performing the s ...
... and some other issues of social behavior of humans and other animals. In fact, this discovery is really surprising. In the frontal and parietal lobes of some species of primates, there are neurons activated both when an individual performs an action and when he/ she perceives others performing the s ...
Neural Coding 2016
... will be given on the web page of the workshop (http://neural-coding-2016.unikoeln.de) and the participants will be informed by email. The expected deadline for submission is December 15, 2016. The number of slots in each journal is limited. Therefore, the prospective authors are requested to confirm ...
... will be given on the web page of the workshop (http://neural-coding-2016.unikoeln.de) and the participants will be informed by email. The expected deadline for submission is December 15, 2016. The number of slots in each journal is limited. Therefore, the prospective authors are requested to confirm ...
Cerebellum- and forebrain-derived stem cells possess intrinsic
... neuronal subtypes (granule cells, Golgi, stellate, basket neurons and Purkinje cells) and into the less common neuronal subtypes (Lugaro, brush and candelabrum neurons) (Flace et al., 2004; Laine and Axelrad, 1994). The only excitatory neurons residing in the cerebellum are the granule cells [except ...
... neuronal subtypes (granule cells, Golgi, stellate, basket neurons and Purkinje cells) and into the less common neuronal subtypes (Lugaro, brush and candelabrum neurons) (Flace et al., 2004; Laine and Axelrad, 1994). The only excitatory neurons residing in the cerebellum are the granule cells [except ...
The Number of Cortical Neurons Used to See
... contributing to seeing. The results of this study are an important step toward unraveling how we use neurons to see. 1.1 Primary Visual Cortex: simple and complex cells The retina is sensitive to light. It sends signals, by the optic nerve, to the lateral geniculate nucleus, which relays the informa ...
... contributing to seeing. The results of this study are an important step toward unraveling how we use neurons to see. 1.1 Primary Visual Cortex: simple and complex cells The retina is sensitive to light. It sends signals, by the optic nerve, to the lateral geniculate nucleus, which relays the informa ...
A Critical Review of the Role of the Proposed VMpo Nucleus in Pain
... Projection of Lamina I STT Cells to the Proposed VMpo Nucleus Recordings were made by Dostrovsky and Craig48 from a sample of 27 monkey lamina I STT cells that were antidromically activated from the region of what Craig and colleagues regard as the VMpo nucleus (Fig 3A). Of these, 20 were classified ...
... Projection of Lamina I STT Cells to the Proposed VMpo Nucleus Recordings were made by Dostrovsky and Craig48 from a sample of 27 monkey lamina I STT cells that were antidromically activated from the region of what Craig and colleagues regard as the VMpo nucleus (Fig 3A). Of these, 20 were classified ...
Cerebellum- and forebrain-derived stem cells
... neuronal subtypes (granule cells, Golgi, stellate, basket neurons and Purkinje cells) and into the less common neuronal subtypes (Lugaro, brush and candelabrum neurons) (Flace et al., 2004; Laine and Axelrad, 1994). The only excitatory neurons residing in the cerebellum are the granule cells [except ...
... neuronal subtypes (granule cells, Golgi, stellate, basket neurons and Purkinje cells) and into the less common neuronal subtypes (Lugaro, brush and candelabrum neurons) (Flace et al., 2004; Laine and Axelrad, 1994). The only excitatory neurons residing in the cerebellum are the granule cells [except ...
Chp33 CVS Regulatory Mechanisms
... • symp ones implicated in pain cardiac ischaemia • convergence with somatic pathways in spinothalamic tract explains referred pain into neck/arms 4.CVS Regulation - ...
... • symp ones implicated in pain cardiac ischaemia • convergence with somatic pathways in spinothalamic tract explains referred pain into neck/arms 4.CVS Regulation - ...
Attention
... study attention to visual features. (Refer to PowerPoint slides 12 to 14.) Teaching Suggestion: Using Figure 21.8, explain how we are able to pay attention to particular visual features such as color and this attention can enhance performance. Describe the PET imaging experiments done to study brain ...
... study attention to visual features. (Refer to PowerPoint slides 12 to 14.) Teaching Suggestion: Using Figure 21.8, explain how we are able to pay attention to particular visual features such as color and this attention can enhance performance. Describe the PET imaging experiments done to study brain ...
Acetylcholine - American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
... the existing pharmacologic characterization of nicotinic-receptor subtypes (Fig. 1.2). Future experiments using mice ...
... the existing pharmacologic characterization of nicotinic-receptor subtypes (Fig. 1.2). Future experiments using mice ...
The rhinal cortices: a wall of inhibition between the
... In light of these findings, it is unlikely that the correlation observed in vivo between somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus during sleep oscillations (Sirota et al., 2003; Siapas and Wilson, 2001) depends on transfer of neocortical impulses across the rhinal cortices. More likely explanations i ...
... In light of these findings, it is unlikely that the correlation observed in vivo between somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus during sleep oscillations (Sirota et al., 2003; Siapas and Wilson, 2001) depends on transfer of neocortical impulses across the rhinal cortices. More likely explanations i ...
Nucleus Basalis and Thalamic Control of Neocortical Activity in the
... lesions of the NB, RT, or other thalamic nuclei, a hole was made in the skull above the target area and left free in the course of the preparation of the acrylic headstage. Following baseline recordings, the rat was reanesthetized and placed in the stereotaxic instrument. A volume of 1.O3.0 rl(l.0 p ...
... lesions of the NB, RT, or other thalamic nuclei, a hole was made in the skull above the target area and left free in the course of the preparation of the acrylic headstage. Following baseline recordings, the rat was reanesthetized and placed in the stereotaxic instrument. A volume of 1.O3.0 rl(l.0 p ...
Number and Laminar Distribution of Neurons in a
... somatosensory cortex varied by almost a factor of 2: between 48 000 per cubic millimeter (Beaulieu 1993) and 77 000 per cubic millimeter (Keller and Carlson 1999). To obtain more precise measurements that will allow a quantitative interpretation of the data on neuron numbers, we therefore aimed at c ...
... somatosensory cortex varied by almost a factor of 2: between 48 000 per cubic millimeter (Beaulieu 1993) and 77 000 per cubic millimeter (Keller and Carlson 1999). To obtain more precise measurements that will allow a quantitative interpretation of the data on neuron numbers, we therefore aimed at c ...
Neuroanatomy
Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.