Transendothelial Transport and Its Role in Therapeutics
... many synapses. These cells play primary role in synaptic transmission and information exchanges [2, 3] by operating through certain gradations, mechanisms, and transcellular functions both in healthy tissues [4, 5] and in the state of pathologies like ischemic injury [6–9]. Astrocytes influence pola ...
... many synapses. These cells play primary role in synaptic transmission and information exchanges [2, 3] by operating through certain gradations, mechanisms, and transcellular functions both in healthy tissues [4, 5] and in the state of pathologies like ischemic injury [6–9]. Astrocytes influence pola ...
Modelling fast stimulus-response association learning along the
... There appear to be at least two stages in learning SR rules, the first being driven by the instruction and the second driven by actual or possibly mentally simulated practice. The first uses a network of PFC, PM and PPC areas (Ruge and Wolfensteller, 2009; Cole et al, 2010; Brass et al., 2009). The ...
... There appear to be at least two stages in learning SR rules, the first being driven by the instruction and the second driven by actual or possibly mentally simulated practice. The first uses a network of PFC, PM and PPC areas (Ruge and Wolfensteller, 2009; Cole et al, 2010; Brass et al., 2009). The ...
Synaptic Regulation of Action Potential Timing in
... receptor-mediated synaptic inputs upon spike timing. The intensity and duration of the stimuli used for evoking EPSPs and I PSPs is described above and was used because it gave rise to synaptic potentials that were of comparable amplitude to those observed in vivo (;1–5 mV). Brief somatic current in ...
... receptor-mediated synaptic inputs upon spike timing. The intensity and duration of the stimuli used for evoking EPSPs and I PSPs is described above and was used because it gave rise to synaptic potentials that were of comparable amplitude to those observed in vivo (;1–5 mV). Brief somatic current in ...
MARMORATAl - Journal of Neuroscience
... by the glia of the roots of the anterior segmental ganglia at 6 to 7 days, several days later by the interganglionic connective glia, and near the end of embryonic development by ganglionic neurons. An anterior to posterior temporal gradient is observed in the expression of these antigens. In additi ...
... by the glia of the roots of the anterior segmental ganglia at 6 to 7 days, several days later by the interganglionic connective glia, and near the end of embryonic development by ganglionic neurons. An anterior to posterior temporal gradient is observed in the expression of these antigens. In additi ...
Orcokinin peptides in developing and adult crustacean
... BioResources, Auburn, CA). An aliquot of the extract was injected onto a reverse-phase C-18 column (Reliasil). Both 1.0 ⫻ 150 mm and 0.5 ⫻ 150 mm columns were utilized, each with 5 m particle size and 30 nm pore size. The column was equilibrated with solvent A at a programmed temperature of 35°C. A ...
... BioResources, Auburn, CA). An aliquot of the extract was injected onto a reverse-phase C-18 column (Reliasil). Both 1.0 ⫻ 150 mm and 0.5 ⫻ 150 mm columns were utilized, each with 5 m particle size and 30 nm pore size. The column was equilibrated with solvent A at a programmed temperature of 35°C. A ...
Evolution of Patterning Systems and Circuit Elements for Locomotion
... in multiple species can target the same genes that define the core physiological properties of a neuronal type. Cell Fate Specification and Neurotransmitter Identity Near the time of terminal differentiation, transcription factors act to define the core physiological properties of neurons as well as ...
... in multiple species can target the same genes that define the core physiological properties of a neuronal type. Cell Fate Specification and Neurotransmitter Identity Near the time of terminal differentiation, transcription factors act to define the core physiological properties of neurons as well as ...
Integrating Top-Down and Bottom
... cortical areas mediating hypotheses or attentional signals. These two external inputs are provided as Poisson spike trains via excitatory synapses to excitatory neurons in area A and B. Each neuron is simulated as a conductance-based model. Active sodium and potassium conductances are implemented fo ...
... cortical areas mediating hypotheses or attentional signals. These two external inputs are provided as Poisson spike trains via excitatory synapses to excitatory neurons in area A and B. Each neuron is simulated as a conductance-based model. Active sodium and potassium conductances are implemented fo ...
The Location and Function of NMDA Receptors in Cat
... stable enough to study at the time of the experiment. After offline analysis, 125 cells met the criteria for response stability, showed adequate recovery (see Materials and Methods), and could be clearly assigned to a particular cortical layer: these cells are the subject of this report. It usually ...
... stable enough to study at the time of the experiment. After offline analysis, 125 cells met the criteria for response stability, showed adequate recovery (see Materials and Methods), and could be clearly assigned to a particular cortical layer: these cells are the subject of this report. It usually ...
found that in flight, 3D hippocampal place cells had nearly spherical
... cells from the hippocampus of different bats. Same notation as in (A). When a neuron had more than one place field, different fields were marked with different colors (K). The neuron in (J) was recorded in the cubic enclosure; the other neurons are from the rectangular-cuboid room. ...
... cells from the hippocampus of different bats. Same notation as in (A). When a neuron had more than one place field, different fields were marked with different colors (K). The neuron in (J) was recorded in the cubic enclosure; the other neurons are from the rectangular-cuboid room. ...
BDNF-modulated Spatial Organization of Cajal
... and most also express calbindin (Calb) during the embryonic and early postnatal period (Anderson et al., 2001; Ang et al., 2003). GABAergic neurons also express reelin, but late in development (Alcantara et al., 1998). Finally, a third population of early-generated ‘pioneer neurons’ has recently be ...
... and most also express calbindin (Calb) during the embryonic and early postnatal period (Anderson et al., 2001; Ang et al., 2003). GABAergic neurons also express reelin, but late in development (Alcantara et al., 1998). Finally, a third population of early-generated ‘pioneer neurons’ has recently be ...
Morphological Changes in the Hippocampus Following Nicotine and
... may be attributed primarily to NO produced by nNOS located in neurons. Neuronal NOS is a constitutive enzyme, which is expressed only by a small percentage of neurons. Production of NO is a calmodulin-dependent process, which must be preceded by an elevation of ...
... may be attributed primarily to NO produced by nNOS located in neurons. Neuronal NOS is a constitutive enzyme, which is expressed only by a small percentage of neurons. Production of NO is a calmodulin-dependent process, which must be preceded by an elevation of ...
Analysis of Firing Correlations Between Sympathetic Premotor
... Recent intracellular recordings from rat RVLM sympathetic premotor neurons in vivo demonstrate that under normal experimental conditions, action potentials in sympathetic premotor neurons invariably arise from depolarizing events with the characteristics of excitatory synaptic inputs (Lipski et al. ...
... Recent intracellular recordings from rat RVLM sympathetic premotor neurons in vivo demonstrate that under normal experimental conditions, action potentials in sympathetic premotor neurons invariably arise from depolarizing events with the characteristics of excitatory synaptic inputs (Lipski et al. ...
Molecular Pathways of Endoplasmic Reticulum
... implications for protein synthesis in neurons during brain reperfusion and these pathways play a role in prosurvival and proapoptotic processes that may be differentially expressed in vulnerable and resistant regions of the reperfused brain (deGracia et al. 2002). These facts suggest that any distur ...
... implications for protein synthesis in neurons during brain reperfusion and these pathways play a role in prosurvival and proapoptotic processes that may be differentially expressed in vulnerable and resistant regions of the reperfused brain (deGracia et al. 2002). These facts suggest that any distur ...
Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor Antagonists: Potential
... for the inhibition of binding studies. These data confirmed that human or rat CRF1 or CRF2 receptors heterologously expressed in mammalian cell lines functioned identically to those previously characterized in native tissues [25,26]. Furthermore, CRF- or sauvagine-stimulated cAMP production could be ...
... for the inhibition of binding studies. These data confirmed that human or rat CRF1 or CRF2 receptors heterologously expressed in mammalian cell lines functioned identically to those previously characterized in native tissues [25,26]. Furthermore, CRF- or sauvagine-stimulated cAMP production could be ...
Neural Control of Breathing (By Mohit Chhabra)
... neurons extends along most of the length of the medulla. Most of its neurons are located within the nucleus of the tractus solitarius. ...
... neurons extends along most of the length of the medulla. Most of its neurons are located within the nucleus of the tractus solitarius. ...
Distinct Requirements for Evoked and Spontaneous Release of
... evoked release that is triggered by Ca 21 influx. These modes often have been presumed to represent the same exocytotic apparatus functioning at different rates in different Ca 21 concentrations. To investigate the mechanism of transmitter release, we have examined the role of synaptobrevin/VAMP, a ...
... evoked release that is triggered by Ca 21 influx. These modes often have been presumed to represent the same exocytotic apparatus functioning at different rates in different Ca 21 concentrations. To investigate the mechanism of transmitter release, we have examined the role of synaptobrevin/VAMP, a ...
NIH Public Access - Medicinal Genomics
... It seems logical that mutations in voltage-gated sodium channels would cause epilepsy, because these channels are in part responsible for controlling electrical excitability. Membrane depolarization activates the channel, causing a voltage-dependent conformational change that increases the permeabil ...
... It seems logical that mutations in voltage-gated sodium channels would cause epilepsy, because these channels are in part responsible for controlling electrical excitability. Membrane depolarization activates the channel, causing a voltage-dependent conformational change that increases the permeabil ...
neuron number decreases in the rat ventral, but not dorsal, medial
... pattern is observed. The posterior boundary of the dorsal mPFC is marked by a much denser layer II and a layer III which is clearly distinguishable from both layers II and V. Parcellation for the entire study was conducted for groups of litter-matched animals by a single experimenter who was blind t ...
... pattern is observed. The posterior boundary of the dorsal mPFC is marked by a much denser layer II and a layer III which is clearly distinguishable from both layers II and V. Parcellation for the entire study was conducted for groups of litter-matched animals by a single experimenter who was blind t ...
Spike-Timing Theory of Working Memory
... aspect of neural activity — elevated firing rates of a cue-specific population of neurons — observed during the delay period of a working memory (WM) task [1–4]. These include reentrant spiking activity [5], intrinsic membrane currents [6], NMDA currents [7–10], and short-term synaptic plasticity [7 ...
... aspect of neural activity — elevated firing rates of a cue-specific population of neurons — observed during the delay period of a working memory (WM) task [1–4]. These include reentrant spiking activity [5], intrinsic membrane currents [6], NMDA currents [7–10], and short-term synaptic plasticity [7 ...
Title Goes here
... Zn2+ release during ischemia Epileptic Models- Is Zn2+ excitatory or inhibitory? Long Term Potentiation ...
... Zn2+ release during ischemia Epileptic Models- Is Zn2+ excitatory or inhibitory? Long Term Potentiation ...
Effect of Adrenalectomy on Miniature Inhibitory Postsynaptic
... 10.1152/jn.00401.2002. Within the rat paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus two types of neurons have been distinguished based on morphological appearance, i.e., parvocellular and magnocellular neurons. The parvocellular neurons play a key role in regulating the activity of the hypothalamo–pit ...
... 10.1152/jn.00401.2002. Within the rat paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus two types of neurons have been distinguished based on morphological appearance, i.e., parvocellular and magnocellular neurons. The parvocellular neurons play a key role in regulating the activity of the hypothalamo–pit ...
Loss of IP receptor function in neuropeptide Drosophila
... adult itpr mutants suggested a role for IP3 mediated calcium signaling in modulating ILP release and secretion. However, significant differences were observed between the phenotypes of itpr mutant animals rescued by expression of an itpr+ cDNA as compared with rescue by over-expression of Drosophila ...
... adult itpr mutants suggested a role for IP3 mediated calcium signaling in modulating ILP release and secretion. However, significant differences were observed between the phenotypes of itpr mutant animals rescued by expression of an itpr+ cDNA as compared with rescue by over-expression of Drosophila ...
Molecular neuroscience
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that observes concepts in molecular biology applied to the nervous systems of animals. The scope of this subject primarily pertains to a reductionist view of neuroscience, considering topics such as molecular neuroanatomy, mechanisms of molecular signaling in the nervous system, the effects of genetics on neuronal development, and the molecular basis for neuroplasticity and neurodegenerative diseases. As with molecular biology, molecular neuroscience is a relatively new field that is considerably dynamic.