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... both synaptically released and exogenously applied, induced depolarization of neurons, and increased intracellular Ca2+ (van den Pol et al., 1996). Using gramicidin perforated-patch recordings, Nabekura et al. (2002), demonstrated that E GABA was more depolarized in axotomized than in intact neurons ...
... both synaptically released and exogenously applied, induced depolarization of neurons, and increased intracellular Ca2+ (van den Pol et al., 1996). Using gramicidin perforated-patch recordings, Nabekura et al. (2002), demonstrated that E GABA was more depolarized in axotomized than in intact neurons ...
Use of a Recombinant Pseudorabies Virus to
... those following nerve lesions, demonstrating that the MI has the intrinsic circuitry necessary to support reorganization, in which the intracortical horizontal connections play a decisive role (Sanes and Donoghue, 2000). Our earlier studies revealed that the motor cortices of both hemispheres, inter ...
... those following nerve lesions, demonstrating that the MI has the intrinsic circuitry necessary to support reorganization, in which the intracortical horizontal connections play a decisive role (Sanes and Donoghue, 2000). Our earlier studies revealed that the motor cortices of both hemispheres, inter ...
Effects of the Abused Inhalant Toluene on the
... of firing [15]. Within the VTA, these classic DA neurons occupy a more lateral position and project to the lateral shell of the nucleus accumbens. VTA DA neurons that project to the core or more medial aspects of the NAc and those that project to the PFC show smaller amplitude AHPs, less regular fir ...
... of firing [15]. Within the VTA, these classic DA neurons occupy a more lateral position and project to the lateral shell of the nucleus accumbens. VTA DA neurons that project to the core or more medial aspects of the NAc and those that project to the PFC show smaller amplitude AHPs, less regular fir ...
BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF BEHAVIOR
... one case, physical damage to Gage’s brain changed his thinking and behavior so radically that a psychologically different person emerged. The death of the young woman suggests the possibility that her psychological belief that she was doomed brought about biological changes so profound that they kil ...
... one case, physical damage to Gage’s brain changed his thinking and behavior so radically that a psychologically different person emerged. The death of the young woman suggests the possibility that her psychological belief that she was doomed brought about biological changes so profound that they kil ...
Document
... nucleus of the hypothalamus (the PVN). • The axons of these neurons travel all the way to the spinal cord, where they form synapses with preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. ...
... nucleus of the hypothalamus (the PVN). • The axons of these neurons travel all the way to the spinal cord, where they form synapses with preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. ...
Progress Report – Glover
... hybridization to locate and chart the development of neurons versus non-neuronal cells in the caudal ganglion and caudal nerve cord, and to identify and chart the development of the motoneuron subpopulation. Combined with histological studies of the outgrowth of motor axons and the innervation of mu ...
... hybridization to locate and chart the development of neurons versus non-neuronal cells in the caudal ganglion and caudal nerve cord, and to identify and chart the development of the motoneuron subpopulation. Combined with histological studies of the outgrowth of motor axons and the innervation of mu ...
Differential regulation of the central neural cardiorespiratory system
... Note also the yellow respiratory neurons that modulate the activity of the cardiovascular neurons (also in c). (c) The pathways for peripheral and central chemoreceptors are shown. Central chemoreceptors are highly responsive to changes in CO2 and are found in the retrotrapezoid nucleus. Many of the ...
... Note also the yellow respiratory neurons that modulate the activity of the cardiovascular neurons (also in c). (c) The pathways for peripheral and central chemoreceptors are shown. Central chemoreceptors are highly responsive to changes in CO2 and are found in the retrotrapezoid nucleus. Many of the ...
Size and number of binucleate and mononucleate superior
... (Szweda et al. 2003). In the nervous system, the changes most frequently related are neuron loss, atrophy and hypertrophy (Cabello et al. 2002). Nevertheless, these claims are discussed because there are related differences between various components of the nervous system among animal species (Finch ...
... (Szweda et al. 2003). In the nervous system, the changes most frequently related are neuron loss, atrophy and hypertrophy (Cabello et al. 2002). Nevertheless, these claims are discussed because there are related differences between various components of the nervous system among animal species (Finch ...
Probing scale interaction in brain dynamics through synchronization
... on its size and on its oscillation frequency. ...
... on its size and on its oscillation frequency. ...
Neural Oscillations
... Importance of Oscillating Models It is much easier to have oscillations in the model than not to have them: – Delayed feedback inhibition is one of the main causes of oscillations, and there is no instantaneous feedback in vivo Oscillations allow to synchronize neurons across multiple brain regions ...
... Importance of Oscillating Models It is much easier to have oscillations in the model than not to have them: – Delayed feedback inhibition is one of the main causes of oscillations, and there is no instantaneous feedback in vivo Oscillations allow to synchronize neurons across multiple brain regions ...
Modulation of Responses of Feline Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract
... and two NA receptor agonists (tizanidine and clonidine) had the opposite effect because they depressed responses of the tested neurons. These results show that information forwarded by means of the ventral spinocerebellar tract may be modulated by monoamines and that several receptor subtypes, locat ...
... and two NA receptor agonists (tizanidine and clonidine) had the opposite effect because they depressed responses of the tested neurons. These results show that information forwarded by means of the ventral spinocerebellar tract may be modulated by monoamines and that several receptor subtypes, locat ...
Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
... toward”) consists of nerve fibers (axons) that convey impulses to the central nervous system from sensory receptors located throughout the body (see the blue fibers in Figure 11.2). Sensory fibers conveying impulses from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints are called somatic afferent fibers (soma ...
... toward”) consists of nerve fibers (axons) that convey impulses to the central nervous system from sensory receptors located throughout the body (see the blue fibers in Figure 11.2). Sensory fibers conveying impulses from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints are called somatic afferent fibers (soma ...
Vesicular glutamate transporter 3
... neurons in the DRDSh by anterograde and retrograde labeling after chemical depletion of serotonergic neurons. The projection was observed in various brain regions such as the ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra pars compacta, hypothalamic nuclei, and preoptic area. These results suggest that VG ...
... neurons in the DRDSh by anterograde and retrograde labeling after chemical depletion of serotonergic neurons. The projection was observed in various brain regions such as the ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra pars compacta, hypothalamic nuclei, and preoptic area. These results suggest that VG ...
Mitochondrial diseases affecting nervous system and muscle
... Respiratory chain proteins are synthesized from two different genomes: mtDNA and nDNA •mtDNA encodes 13 respiratory chain polypeptides, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs •nDNA encodes the majority of respiratory chain polipeptides Transport of cytosolic proteins and their assembly with mitochondrial-encoded prot ...
... Respiratory chain proteins are synthesized from two different genomes: mtDNA and nDNA •mtDNA encodes 13 respiratory chain polypeptides, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs •nDNA encodes the majority of respiratory chain polipeptides Transport of cytosolic proteins and their assembly with mitochondrial-encoded prot ...
Document
... material were applied to the pits, but no responses in either the CP 2 bundle or the hair fibre bundle were obtained. It therefore remains to be shown whether or not these cells of CP 2 are but part of the normal proprioceptor components of this organ. From the location of the pits, it might be expe ...
... material were applied to the pits, but no responses in either the CP 2 bundle or the hair fibre bundle were obtained. It therefore remains to be shown whether or not these cells of CP 2 are but part of the normal proprioceptor components of this organ. From the location of the pits, it might be expe ...
Slide 1
... (depicted in tracings on the right). Postulated inhibitory connections are shown as red circles; postulated excitatory connections as green circles; and cholinergic pontine nuclei are shown as blue circles. It should be noted that the actual synaptic signs of many of the aminergic and reticular path ...
... (depicted in tracings on the right). Postulated inhibitory connections are shown as red circles; postulated excitatory connections as green circles; and cholinergic pontine nuclei are shown as blue circles. It should be noted that the actual synaptic signs of many of the aminergic and reticular path ...
Embryological origin for autism
... teratogen during motor neuron production, it should be possible to reduce the number of motor neurons but allow the rest of CNS development to proceed normally enough to produce a brain of grossly normal form. We did not attempt this experiment with thalidomide, because its effects in rodents are di ...
... teratogen during motor neuron production, it should be possible to reduce the number of motor neurons but allow the rest of CNS development to proceed normally enough to produce a brain of grossly normal form. We did not attempt this experiment with thalidomide, because its effects in rodents are di ...
R eelin is expressed in the accessory olfactory system, but is not a
... migration and organization of the cerebral cortex. However, recent data indicates that Reelin may act as a guidance cue in other parts of the central nervous system. Del Rio et al. [6] suggest that Reelin is essential for the formation of layer-specific hippocampal connections. Reelin acts as a guid ...
... migration and organization of the cerebral cortex. However, recent data indicates that Reelin may act as a guidance cue in other parts of the central nervous system. Del Rio et al. [6] suggest that Reelin is essential for the formation of layer-specific hippocampal connections. Reelin acts as a guid ...
spinal cord
... – The amount of ventral gray matter at a given level of the spinal cord is proportional to the amount of skeletal muscle innervated. ...
... – The amount of ventral gray matter at a given level of the spinal cord is proportional to the amount of skeletal muscle innervated. ...
The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Sensory Neurons 15
... autonomic nerves, which may occur as a complication of diabetes, is called autonomic neuropathy. Damage to these nerves results in the inability to control heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels. Digestion and respiratory functions, urination, sexual response, and vision are also affecte ...
... autonomic nerves, which may occur as a complication of diabetes, is called autonomic neuropathy. Damage to these nerves results in the inability to control heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels. Digestion and respiratory functions, urination, sexual response, and vision are also affecte ...
Chapter 2: Communication Within the Nervous System
... follow the introduction to neurophysiology; this was done to build student motivation before tackling sensation and perception. Perhaps more significantly, some topics have been moved around among chapters so they can be developed in a more behaviorally meaningful context. So language is discussed a ...
... follow the introduction to neurophysiology; this was done to build student motivation before tackling sensation and perception. Perhaps more significantly, some topics have been moved around among chapters so they can be developed in a more behaviorally meaningful context. So language is discussed a ...
Nervous System Part 4
... • Parasympathetic—“housekeeping” activites – Conserves energy – Maintains daily necessary body functions – Remember as the “D” division • digestion, defecation, and diuresis ...
... • Parasympathetic—“housekeeping” activites – Conserves energy – Maintains daily necessary body functions – Remember as the “D” division • digestion, defecation, and diuresis ...
Gradual increase in neuronal density of rats
... laminated in most visual model animals such as cats and monkeys. In the traditional view, rodents have been less favored for visual investigations; despite comprehensive information on their CNS. Although the rodents’ visual system has been less studied, their visual system is well developed and con ...
... laminated in most visual model animals such as cats and monkeys. In the traditional view, rodents have been less favored for visual investigations; despite comprehensive information on their CNS. Although the rodents’ visual system has been less studied, their visual system is well developed and con ...
VIEW PDF - Glaucoma Today
... Prog Retin Eye Res. 2003;22:465-481. 14. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL 3rd, et al. Experimental glaucoma in primates: changes in cytochrome oxidase blobs in V1 cortex. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42 :358364. 15. Lam DY, Kaufman PL, Gabelt BT, et al. Neurochemical correlates of cortical plas ...
... Prog Retin Eye Res. 2003;22:465-481. 14. Crawford ML, Harwerth RS, Smith EL 3rd, et al. Experimental glaucoma in primates: changes in cytochrome oxidase blobs in V1 cortex. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42 :358364. 15. Lam DY, Kaufman PL, Gabelt BT, et al. Neurochemical correlates of cortical plas ...
12 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... – Emotional state—best if alert, motivated, surprised, and aroused – Rehearsal—repetition and practice – Association—tying new information with old ...
... – Emotional state—best if alert, motivated, surprised, and aroused – Rehearsal—repetition and practice – Association—tying new information with old ...