Nervous and Endocrine Systems
... with certain receptors can receive the signals. Think of your nervous system being like cable television. A physical wire connects your television to the cable provider. Similarly, your nervous system sends its signals through a physical network of specialized tissues. The nervous and endocrine sy ...
... with certain receptors can receive the signals. Think of your nervous system being like cable television. A physical wire connects your television to the cable provider. Similarly, your nervous system sends its signals through a physical network of specialized tissues. The nervous and endocrine sy ...
Roles for miRNAs in Timing Developmental Progression Within
... to regulate multiple, distinct aspects of neuronal development. Because several recent reviews have dealt with the roles miRNAs play in dendritic spine morphogenesis, synapse formation, and homeostasis (Schratt, 2009), I will largely omit these topics from my discussion. Additionally, although this ...
... to regulate multiple, distinct aspects of neuronal development. Because several recent reviews have dealt with the roles miRNAs play in dendritic spine morphogenesis, synapse formation, and homeostasis (Schratt, 2009), I will largely omit these topics from my discussion. Additionally, although this ...
01-Spinal Reflexes Student`s Copy
... Higher control on Gamma Efferent Discharge and hence on the Stretch Reflex and Muscle Tone (2) 2. Basal ganglia (BG) ( Extrapyramidal Areas ) ...
... Higher control on Gamma Efferent Discharge and hence on the Stretch Reflex and Muscle Tone (2) 2. Basal ganglia (BG) ( Extrapyramidal Areas ) ...
Dopamine – CNS Pathways and Neurophysiology
... As stated above, intracellular recordings from identified DA neurons of the rat midbrain in vivo have demonstrated that these neurons are constantly bombarded by GABAergic IPSPs. Indeed, it has been suggested that up to 50% of the midbrain DA neurons are quiescent due to GABAergic-mediated hyperpola ...
... As stated above, intracellular recordings from identified DA neurons of the rat midbrain in vivo have demonstrated that these neurons are constantly bombarded by GABAergic IPSPs. Indeed, it has been suggested that up to 50% of the midbrain DA neurons are quiescent due to GABAergic-mediated hyperpola ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... including the neonatal period) can alter neural ITD sensitivity and suggest that the acutely deafened cats used in previous studies [2] may not provide a sufficiently realistic animal model of bilateral cochlear implants. Since DWC and ADC represent the maximum possible contrast in binaural experien ...
... including the neonatal period) can alter neural ITD sensitivity and suggest that the acutely deafened cats used in previous studies [2] may not provide a sufficiently realistic animal model of bilateral cochlear implants. Since DWC and ADC represent the maximum possible contrast in binaural experien ...
(addl. 3)
... individual synapse. The nonlinear sum of the excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) might be offset by hyperpolarizing inhibitory post-synaptic potentials (IPSPs) that essentially subtract potential, or might be entirely negated by shunting inhibitory synapses that return the cell membrane to r ...
... individual synapse. The nonlinear sum of the excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) might be offset by hyperpolarizing inhibitory post-synaptic potentials (IPSPs) that essentially subtract potential, or might be entirely negated by shunting inhibitory synapses that return the cell membrane to r ...
Challenges for Brain Emulation
... individual synapse. The nonlinear sum of the excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) might be offset by hyperpolarizing inhibitory post-synaptic potentials (IPSPs) that essentially subtract potential, or might be entirely negated by shunting inhibitory synapses that return the cell membrane to r ...
... individual synapse. The nonlinear sum of the excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) might be offset by hyperpolarizing inhibitory post-synaptic potentials (IPSPs) that essentially subtract potential, or might be entirely negated by shunting inhibitory synapses that return the cell membrane to r ...
Afferents of dopamine neurons
... Cragg, Baufreton, Xue, Bolam & Bevan 2004 Eur. J. Neurosci. 20:1788-802 ...
... Cragg, Baufreton, Xue, Bolam & Bevan 2004 Eur. J. Neurosci. 20:1788-802 ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY B.Sc. Counselling Psychology
... mastoidal air cells within the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The auditory (eustachian) tube connects the tympanic cavity anteriorly with the nasopharynx and equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane. Three auditory ossicles extend across the tympanic cavity from the tympa ...
... mastoidal air cells within the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The auditory (eustachian) tube connects the tympanic cavity anteriorly with the nasopharynx and equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane. Three auditory ossicles extend across the tympanic cavity from the tympa ...
Transcripts/2_23 2
... a. The stereocilia are connected by these very small filamentous connections called tip link. It is at this point where the sensory transduction occurs, whereby the stereocilia are deflected the tip links are pulled and they open channels (mechanico-receptive channels) in the ends of the stereocilia ...
... a. The stereocilia are connected by these very small filamentous connections called tip link. It is at this point where the sensory transduction occurs, whereby the stereocilia are deflected the tip links are pulled and they open channels (mechanico-receptive channels) in the ends of the stereocilia ...
The Inferior Parietal Lobule Is the Target of Output from the Superior
... is extensively interconnected with the frontal eye field (FEF), as well as with other visual cortical areas, and projects heavily to the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (Barbas and Mesulam, 1981; Lynch et al., 1985; Andersen et al., 1990). Another subregion of IPL, area 7b, is prefere ...
... is extensively interconnected with the frontal eye field (FEF), as well as with other visual cortical areas, and projects heavily to the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (Barbas and Mesulam, 1981; Lynch et al., 1985; Andersen et al., 1990). Another subregion of IPL, area 7b, is prefere ...
SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
... considered the underlying cause of EBI. Having said this, this does not mean that the etiology of vasospasm is not connected to EBI. EBI is a reflection of immediate injury whereas vasospasm may be a sequela to EBI. How EBI occurs is directly related to the SAH and the consequent initiated pathophy ...
... considered the underlying cause of EBI. Having said this, this does not mean that the etiology of vasospasm is not connected to EBI. EBI is a reflection of immediate injury whereas vasospasm may be a sequela to EBI. How EBI occurs is directly related to the SAH and the consequent initiated pathophy ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... Abstract Mushroom bodies are central brain structures and essentially involved in insect olfactory learning. Within the mushroom bodies c-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-immunoreactive feedback neurons are the most prominent neuron group. The plasticity of inhibitory neural activity within the mushroom bod ...
... Abstract Mushroom bodies are central brain structures and essentially involved in insect olfactory learning. Within the mushroom bodies c-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-immunoreactive feedback neurons are the most prominent neuron group. The plasticity of inhibitory neural activity within the mushroom bod ...
hormonal control of cell form and number
... Figure 1. The (calculated) dose of steroid (micrograms/gm of body weight/day) delivered by each type of hormone implant as a function of the chick’s age. Abbreviations in the figure are explained in Table I. Details of the care of chicks were given previously (Gurney and Konishi, 1980; Gurney, 1981) ...
... Figure 1. The (calculated) dose of steroid (micrograms/gm of body weight/day) delivered by each type of hormone implant as a function of the chick’s age. Abbreviations in the figure are explained in Table I. Details of the care of chicks were given previously (Gurney and Konishi, 1980; Gurney, 1981) ...
Aneuploidy and DNA Replication in the Normal Human Brain and
... through real-time PCR amplification of alu repeats (Walker et al., 2003), a class of short interspersed elements in the eukaryotic genome, which reach a copy number of ⬃1 million in primates (Houck et al., 1979; Batzer and Deininger, 2002). Alu repeats were chosen because of their high copy number a ...
... through real-time PCR amplification of alu repeats (Walker et al., 2003), a class of short interspersed elements in the eukaryotic genome, which reach a copy number of ⬃1 million in primates (Houck et al., 1979; Batzer and Deininger, 2002). Alu repeats were chosen because of their high copy number a ...
Sympathetic Division (cont)
... ongoing visceral responses with localized output. In the sympathetic division, sensory input is consciously perceived but in the parasympathetic division it is not consciously perceived. ...
... ongoing visceral responses with localized output. In the sympathetic division, sensory input is consciously perceived but in the parasympathetic division it is not consciously perceived. ...
Lissencephaly - Cambridge University Press
... Reprint requests to Dr. M. G. Norman, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Rd. Ottawa, ...
... Reprint requests to Dr. M. G. Norman, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Rd. Ottawa, ...
Gee JNeuro 2012 - Stanford University
... layer V pyramidal neurons in mPFC with biocytin and visualizing them via confocal microscopy (Fig. 2 A), we found that type A neurons (n ⫽ 4) had a greater number of primary branches ( p ⬍ 0.05) and wider apical shafts ( p ⬍ 0.05) than type B neurons (n ⫽ 4) (Fig. 2 B). Thus, consistent Figure 1. H- ...
... layer V pyramidal neurons in mPFC with biocytin and visualizing them via confocal microscopy (Fig. 2 A), we found that type A neurons (n ⫽ 4) had a greater number of primary branches ( p ⬍ 0.05) and wider apical shafts ( p ⬍ 0.05) than type B neurons (n ⫽ 4) (Fig. 2 B). Thus, consistent Figure 1. H- ...
kwanPNAS08
... caused by abnormal induction of BCL11B and Fezf2 or by their failed downregulation after transient expression. The latter possibility is supported by the downregulation of initially high Fezf2 expression in normal SP and L6 neurons between E14.5 and E16.5 (Fig. 1). Therefore, we examined the co-exp ...
... caused by abnormal induction of BCL11B and Fezf2 or by their failed downregulation after transient expression. The latter possibility is supported by the downregulation of initially high Fezf2 expression in normal SP and L6 neurons between E14.5 and E16.5 (Fig. 1). Therefore, we examined the co-exp ...
A lineage-related reciprocal inhibition circuitry for sensory
... maintenance of behavioural actions. However, little is known about the formation of the underlying circuits, or how they integrate sensory information for motor actions. Here, we show that paired embryonic neuroblasts generate central complex ring neurons that mediate sensory-motor transformation an ...
... maintenance of behavioural actions. However, little is known about the formation of the underlying circuits, or how they integrate sensory information for motor actions. Here, we show that paired embryonic neuroblasts generate central complex ring neurons that mediate sensory-motor transformation an ...
Vasopressin Receptors of the Vasopressor (V,)
... kHz), and stored on magnetic tape. Ratemeter records of neuronal firing were plotted on paper with an oscillograph. Part of the recordings were carried out using micropipettes containing 2Oh (wt/vol) Niagara Sky Blue in 0.5 M Na-acetate. At the end of the recording session the dye was ejected by app ...
... kHz), and stored on magnetic tape. Ratemeter records of neuronal firing were plotted on paper with an oscillograph. Part of the recordings were carried out using micropipettes containing 2Oh (wt/vol) Niagara Sky Blue in 0.5 M Na-acetate. At the end of the recording session the dye was ejected by app ...
What Causes Eye Pain? | SpringerLink
... intensities near or over the level required to cause cell damage, stimulate a specific set of peripheral sensory nerve fibers generically named nociceptors [5]. These produce a discharge of nerve impulses that travel to the brain, encoding the spatial, and temporal characteristics of the noxious sti ...
... intensities near or over the level required to cause cell damage, stimulate a specific set of peripheral sensory nerve fibers generically named nociceptors [5]. These produce a discharge of nerve impulses that travel to the brain, encoding the spatial, and temporal characteristics of the noxious sti ...
Mitochondrial DNA deletions are abundant and
... deletions in all COX-deficient cells were not only higher than in COXpositive cells but they actually exceeded the 60% threshold and thus might be sufficient to cause the observed COX deficiency, although more data will be necessary to confirm this observation. The difference in distribution of mtDN ...
... deletions in all COX-deficient cells were not only higher than in COXpositive cells but they actually exceeded the 60% threshold and thus might be sufficient to cause the observed COX deficiency, although more data will be necessary to confirm this observation. The difference in distribution of mtDN ...
Comparative molecular neuroanatomy of mammalian neocortex
... been much less clear. This was not because the excitatory neurons are homogeneous. To the contrary, the phenotypes of excitatory neurons are so diverse that it had been difficult to unambiguously define particular cell types. In this regard, one of the most reliable criteria to distinguish pyramidal ...
... been much less clear. This was not because the excitatory neurons are homogeneous. To the contrary, the phenotypes of excitatory neurons are so diverse that it had been difficult to unambiguously define particular cell types. In this regard, one of the most reliable criteria to distinguish pyramidal ...