Autonomic NS
... • Stress ↑ sympathetic system ↑ fight-or-flight response. • ↑ production of ATP. • Dilation of the pupils. • ↑ heart rate and blood pressure. • Dilation of the airways. • Constriction of blood vessels that supply the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. ...
... • Stress ↑ sympathetic system ↑ fight-or-flight response. • ↑ production of ATP. • Dilation of the pupils. • ↑ heart rate and blood pressure. • Dilation of the airways. • Constriction of blood vessels that supply the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. ...
Depression of Acetylcholinesterase Synthesis Following Transient
... approximately by 50% and in the cerebral cortex by 39% in comparison with the sham-operated control group (Fig. 5). After 24 h recirculation, a significant increase (< 0.05) in AChE activity was recorded in comparison with the activity at 4 h, but differences between experimental and control groups ...
... approximately by 50% and in the cerebral cortex by 39% in comparison with the sham-operated control group (Fig. 5). After 24 h recirculation, a significant increase (< 0.05) in AChE activity was recorded in comparison with the activity at 4 h, but differences between experimental and control groups ...
Diversity of reporter expression patterns in transgenic mouse lines
... Validation of the anti-CRH serum and expression mice pattern of the peptide in adult mouse Because of the crucial role of hypothalamic CRH in We employed here the antihuman/rat CRH serum initiating the neuroendocrine response to stress, we fo(rC68) created by Dr. Wylie Vale (31). This antiserum has ...
... Validation of the anti-CRH serum and expression mice pattern of the peptide in adult mouse Because of the crucial role of hypothalamic CRH in We employed here the antihuman/rat CRH serum initiating the neuroendocrine response to stress, we fo(rC68) created by Dr. Wylie Vale (31). This antiserum has ...
Synaptic and peptidergic connectome of a neurosecretory
... Neurosecretory centres in animal brains use peptidergic signalling to influence physiology and behaviour. Understanding neurosecretory centre function requires mapping cell types, synapses, and peptidergic networks. Here we use electron microscopy and gene expression mapping to analyse the synaptic ...
... Neurosecretory centres in animal brains use peptidergic signalling to influence physiology and behaviour. Understanding neurosecretory centre function requires mapping cell types, synapses, and peptidergic networks. Here we use electron microscopy and gene expression mapping to analyse the synaptic ...
Learning-related changes in coordinated fast oscillations
... To test whether fast oscillations coordinate BLA and rhinal activity during learning, cats were trained on a trace-conditioning task where a visual CS predicted a food reward 3s later. The predictive value of the CS was learned gradually over 10 days. We computed the power at 35-45 Hz in all recorde ...
... To test whether fast oscillations coordinate BLA and rhinal activity during learning, cats were trained on a trace-conditioning task where a visual CS predicted a food reward 3s later. The predictive value of the CS was learned gradually over 10 days. We computed the power at 35-45 Hz in all recorde ...
Behavioural Brain Research Learning processing in the basal ganglia
... At the first half of the last century, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases were known by their motor disabilities. The discovery that these diseases are caused by the degeneration of components of the basal ganglia led to the theory that this system is exclusively involved in motor functions [13,55 ...
... At the first half of the last century, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases were known by their motor disabilities. The discovery that these diseases are caused by the degeneration of components of the basal ganglia led to the theory that this system is exclusively involved in motor functions [13,55 ...
Bad Fish - Groch Biology
... – Movement of K+ increases the positive charge outside the membrane relative to the inside. ...
... – Movement of K+ increases the positive charge outside the membrane relative to the inside. ...
Answers to WHAT DID YOU LEARN questions
... pathways are: the spinal nerve pathway, the postganglionic sympathetic pathway, the splanchnic nerve pathway, and the adrenal medulla pathway. In the spinal nerve pathway, the preganglionic axon synapses in the sympathetic trunk, and the postganglionic axon leaves the trunk via a gray ramus communic ...
... pathways are: the spinal nerve pathway, the postganglionic sympathetic pathway, the splanchnic nerve pathway, and the adrenal medulla pathway. In the spinal nerve pathway, the preganglionic axon synapses in the sympathetic trunk, and the postganglionic axon leaves the trunk via a gray ramus communic ...
cortico-cortical feedback controls spatial summation in
... peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
... peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
A GPU-accelerated cortical neural network model for visually guided
... determines the position of objects based on motion discontinuities, and combines these signals with the representation of a goal location to produce motor commands that successfully steer the robot around obstacles toward the goal. The model produces robot trajectories that closely match human behav ...
... determines the position of objects based on motion discontinuities, and combines these signals with the representation of a goal location to produce motor commands that successfully steer the robot around obstacles toward the goal. The model produces robot trajectories that closely match human behav ...
Saccadic Eye Movements Modulate Visual Responses in the Lateral
... We measured visually driven responses by correlating spike times with the stimulus, thereby generating fullfield impulse response functions (Reid et al., 1997; Figures 3B, 6A, and 7A–7C). These functions can be thought of as the average firing rate of the neuron, above or below the mean, following t ...
... We measured visually driven responses by correlating spike times with the stimulus, thereby generating fullfield impulse response functions (Reid et al., 1997; Figures 3B, 6A, and 7A–7C). These functions can be thought of as the average firing rate of the neuron, above or below the mean, following t ...
Representational Capacity of Face Coding in Monkeys
... in Equation 1 was then averaged over repeated iterations. For sufficiently large numbers of iterations this procedure is equivalent to doing the sum. Typically, 500-5000 iterations were used, although fairly accurate results could be obtained using a smaller number. In addition to computing the info ...
... in Equation 1 was then averaged over repeated iterations. For sufficiently large numbers of iterations this procedure is equivalent to doing the sum. Typically, 500-5000 iterations were used, although fairly accurate results could be obtained using a smaller number. In addition to computing the info ...
Document
... I am interested in the molecular mechanisms of axon guidance and synaptic target recognition – the proper wiring of all nervous systems depends on these mechanisms. A mammal’s brain is very complex, so we studied this problem using identified neurons in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. The cerc ...
... I am interested in the molecular mechanisms of axon guidance and synaptic target recognition – the proper wiring of all nervous systems depends on these mechanisms. A mammal’s brain is very complex, so we studied this problem using identified neurons in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. The cerc ...
Pyrokinin/PBAN-like peptides in the central nervous system of
... PK/PBAN-like immunoreactivity was observed in the CNS of all larval mosquito species examined. All species had similar positions of immunoreactive neurons in the various ganglia, unless otherwise noted (Fig. 1). The SEG contained three groups of immunoreactive neurons that putatively correspond to t ...
... PK/PBAN-like immunoreactivity was observed in the CNS of all larval mosquito species examined. All species had similar positions of immunoreactive neurons in the various ganglia, unless otherwise noted (Fig. 1). The SEG contained three groups of immunoreactive neurons that putatively correspond to t ...
Chemosensory Systems
... temporal patterns of neural activity across OSN for each stimulus. Periglomerular and granule inhibitory neurons modify olfactory signals within the olfactory bulb and mitral and tufted cell output neurons relay olfactory signals to higher levels. Olfactory signals are relayed from the olfactory bu ...
... temporal patterns of neural activity across OSN for each stimulus. Periglomerular and granule inhibitory neurons modify olfactory signals within the olfactory bulb and mitral and tufted cell output neurons relay olfactory signals to higher levels. Olfactory signals are relayed from the olfactory bu ...
Nervous System I - Union County College
... part of the body to another. • This is done in the form of electrical impulses. • An impulse arrives at the dendrite • When the impulse is strong enough, it depolarizes the membrane and the impulse is transmitted along the axon • When the impulse reaches the axon terminals, the information needs to ...
... part of the body to another. • This is done in the form of electrical impulses. • An impulse arrives at the dendrite • When the impulse is strong enough, it depolarizes the membrane and the impulse is transmitted along the axon • When the impulse reaches the axon terminals, the information needs to ...
A Review of Cell Assemblies by Huyck and
... Since many neurons are required to make another neuron fire, and their is a large amount background activity, a large number of neurons need to fire to make another neuron reliably fire. However, many neurons firing together can make many other neurons fire, so groups of neurons will tend to fire to ...
... Since many neurons are required to make another neuron fire, and their is a large amount background activity, a large number of neurons need to fire to make another neuron reliably fire. However, many neurons firing together can make many other neurons fire, so groups of neurons will tend to fire to ...
Neural Correlates of Object-Associated Choice Behavior
... The perirhinal cortex (PRC) is reportedly important for object recognition memory, with supporting physiological evidence obtained largely from primate studies. Whether neurons in the rodent PRC also exhibit similar physiological correlates of object recognition, however, remains to be determined. W ...
... The perirhinal cortex (PRC) is reportedly important for object recognition memory, with supporting physiological evidence obtained largely from primate studies. Whether neurons in the rodent PRC also exhibit similar physiological correlates of object recognition, however, remains to be determined. W ...
themes - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
... activating and modifying the intrinsic esophageal peristaltic reflex. The intrinsic esophageal peristalsis is mediated by the NANC inhibitory and cholinergic excitatory myenteric neurons acting in concert. Although usually termed inhibitory, stimulation of the NANC nerves in smooth muscle strips eli ...
... activating and modifying the intrinsic esophageal peristaltic reflex. The intrinsic esophageal peristalsis is mediated by the NANC inhibitory and cholinergic excitatory myenteric neurons acting in concert. Although usually termed inhibitory, stimulation of the NANC nerves in smooth muscle strips eli ...
Impaired odour discrimination on desynchronization of odour
... lobe—a functional and morphological analogue of the vertebrate olfactory bulb—has indicated that both monomolecular and complex odours are represented there combinatorially by dynamical assemblies of projection neurons5,9–11. Each neuron in an odourcoding assembly responds with an odour-specific tem ...
... lobe—a functional and morphological analogue of the vertebrate olfactory bulb—has indicated that both monomolecular and complex odours are represented there combinatorially by dynamical assemblies of projection neurons5,9–11. Each neuron in an odourcoding assembly responds with an odour-specific tem ...
Cortex-inspired Developmental Learning for Vision-based Navigation, Attention and Recognition
... behaviors in the challenging task of vision-based navigation, using reinforcement learning and supervised learning jointly. Locally Balanced Incremental Hierarchical Discriminant Regression (LBIHDR) Tree was developed as a cognitive mapping engine to automatically generate internal representations, ...
... behaviors in the challenging task of vision-based navigation, using reinforcement learning and supervised learning jointly. Locally Balanced Incremental Hierarchical Discriminant Regression (LBIHDR) Tree was developed as a cognitive mapping engine to automatically generate internal representations, ...
Increased Expression of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) in
... Increased numbers of NOS-IR in DRG cells were not significantly different 2, 3, or 4 weeks after axotomy. Thus, the data from all survival periods were treated as a single group. NADPH-d activity in DRG was not quantified after axotomy due to the large numbers of these cells and the variations in st ...
... Increased numbers of NOS-IR in DRG cells were not significantly different 2, 3, or 4 weeks after axotomy. Thus, the data from all survival periods were treated as a single group. NADPH-d activity in DRG was not quantified after axotomy due to the large numbers of these cells and the variations in st ...
Morphology and Physiology of the Cerebellar Vestibulolateral Lobe
... the LC Purkinje cells (Pastor et al. 1997). This effort uncovered a large precerebellar nucleus in the goldfish hindbrain (Figs. 1, B and F–I and 2, A and C) whose location coincided with the same area studied earlier (Pastor et al. 1994b). The activity of neurons in this brain stem area was shown t ...
... the LC Purkinje cells (Pastor et al. 1997). This effort uncovered a large precerebellar nucleus in the goldfish hindbrain (Figs. 1, B and F–I and 2, A and C) whose location coincided with the same area studied earlier (Pastor et al. 1994b). The activity of neurons in this brain stem area was shown t ...
Inferring spike-timing-dependent plasticity from spike train data
... neural activity [1, 2]. A number of experimental results, using intracellular recordings in vitro, have shown that synaptic plasticity depends on the precise pairing of pre- and post-synaptic spiking [3]. While such spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is thought to serve as a powerful regulator ...
... neural activity [1, 2]. A number of experimental results, using intracellular recordings in vitro, have shown that synaptic plasticity depends on the precise pairing of pre- and post-synaptic spiking [3]. While such spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is thought to serve as a powerful regulator ...
Early Appearance of Inhibitory Input to the MNTB Supports Binaural
... immaturities that limit auditory processing in juvenile animals, they are able to lateralize sounds using binaural cues. This study explores a central mechanism that may compensate for these limitations during development. Interaural time and level difference processing by neurons in the superior ol ...
... immaturities that limit auditory processing in juvenile animals, they are able to lateralize sounds using binaural cues. This study explores a central mechanism that may compensate for these limitations during development. Interaural time and level difference processing by neurons in the superior ol ...