paraplegia and spinal cor syndromes
... Paraplegia & Spinal cord syndromes Spinal shock is a loss of sensation accompanied by motor paralysis with initial loss but gradual recovery of reflexes, following a spinal cord injury (SCI) – most often a complete transaction. Reflexes in the spinal cord caudal to the SCI are depressed hyporefle ...
... Paraplegia & Spinal cord syndromes Spinal shock is a loss of sensation accompanied by motor paralysis with initial loss but gradual recovery of reflexes, following a spinal cord injury (SCI) – most often a complete transaction. Reflexes in the spinal cord caudal to the SCI are depressed hyporefle ...
Synaptic function: Dendritic democracy
... Synaptic potentials must therefore spread from their site of origin in the dendrites to the soma and into the axon before they can influence neuronal output. Dendrites behave rather like leaky electrical cables, however, in that they filter electrical signals passing through them. As a consequence, ...
... Synaptic potentials must therefore spread from their site of origin in the dendrites to the soma and into the axon before they can influence neuronal output. Dendrites behave rather like leaky electrical cables, however, in that they filter electrical signals passing through them. As a consequence, ...
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... Two eye model for self organization of disparity maps in LLISOM (reprinted from [88]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Two eye model for self organization of disparity maps in LLISOM (reprinted from [88]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Neuronal responses to face-like and facial stimuli in the monkey
... The amount of stimulus information conveyed by the sSC neurons and the number of stimulus-differentiating neurons were consistently higher during the 2nd to 4th 25-ms periods than during the first 25-ms period. These results suggested that population activity of the sSC neurons preferentially filter ...
... The amount of stimulus information conveyed by the sSC neurons and the number of stimulus-differentiating neurons were consistently higher during the 2nd to 4th 25-ms periods than during the first 25-ms period. These results suggested that population activity of the sSC neurons preferentially filter ...
choosing the greater of two goods: neural currencies for valuation
... from decision-related signals is relatively straightforward. First, sensory signals require the presence of the sensory stimulus, and extinguish with stimulus offset. Second, and more importantly, in discrimination tasks in which behavioural decisions and neural activity are measured across a range ...
... from decision-related signals is relatively straightforward. First, sensory signals require the presence of the sensory stimulus, and extinguish with stimulus offset. Second, and more importantly, in discrimination tasks in which behavioural decisions and neural activity are measured across a range ...
WHEN THE visual cortex in the occipital lobe is electrically
... surround inhibition. However, such an interpretation remains highly speculative. The next stage of research into the feasibility of a visual prosthesis will require a chronically implanted microelectrode array in a blind volunteer. This will allow detailed psychophysical descriptions of phosphenes p ...
... surround inhibition. However, such an interpretation remains highly speculative. The next stage of research into the feasibility of a visual prosthesis will require a chronically implanted microelectrode array in a blind volunteer. This will allow detailed psychophysical descriptions of phosphenes p ...
Sleep and sleep states: Thalamic regulation
... delta-wave activity has been found in the isolated thalamus as well in thalamic slices, although these are more regular than delta waves in vivo. The latter studies demonstrated that this form of delta-wave activity is generated intrinsically by the interplay of IT and Ih currents in thalamocortical ...
... delta-wave activity has been found in the isolated thalamus as well in thalamic slices, although these are more regular than delta waves in vivo. The latter studies demonstrated that this form of delta-wave activity is generated intrinsically by the interplay of IT and Ih currents in thalamocortical ...
Sleep and metabolism: Role of hypothalamic
... Sleep and metabolism are intertwined physiologically and behaviorally, but the neural systems underlying their coordination are still poorly understood. The hypothalamus is likely to play a major role in the regulation sleep, metabolism, and their interaction. And increasing evidence suggests that h ...
... Sleep and metabolism are intertwined physiologically and behaviorally, but the neural systems underlying their coordination are still poorly understood. The hypothalamus is likely to play a major role in the regulation sleep, metabolism, and their interaction. And increasing evidence suggests that h ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... ability of normal-hearing people to understand speech and localize sounds in everyday acoustic environments comprising reverberation and competing sound sources. Our research has been primarily focused in three areas: (1) Effect of reverberation on the directional sensitivity and coding of amplitude ...
... ability of normal-hearing people to understand speech and localize sounds in everyday acoustic environments comprising reverberation and competing sound sources. Our research has been primarily focused in three areas: (1) Effect of reverberation on the directional sensitivity and coding of amplitude ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... again, together with new pictures and a repetition of the new pictures after 30 s, while fMRI images were obtained. The results showed an immediate (30 s) and long-lasting (3 day) decrease in neural activity in bilateral occipitotemporal cortex following both nameable and nonsense object repetition ...
... again, together with new pictures and a repetition of the new pictures after 30 s, while fMRI images were obtained. The results showed an immediate (30 s) and long-lasting (3 day) decrease in neural activity in bilateral occipitotemporal cortex following both nameable and nonsense object repetition ...
Tactile orientation perception: an ideal observer analysis of human
... RF structures are quite diverse, and both the prevalence of spatially offset inhibition and its role in producing orientationselective responses remain somewhat unclear. A challenge is that RF structures evidently depend, in part, on the stimuli used to characterize them. In response to scanned, rai ...
... RF structures are quite diverse, and both the prevalence of spatially offset inhibition and its role in producing orientationselective responses remain somewhat unclear. A challenge is that RF structures evidently depend, in part, on the stimuli used to characterize them. In response to scanned, rai ...
Axons, but not cell bodies, are activated by electrical stimulation in
... matter is often used to determine the function of a given cortical area or pathway. However, when it is used to elicit postsynaptic effects, the presynaptic neuronal elements activated by electrical stimulation have never been clearly identified: it could be the excitable dendrites, the cell body, t ...
... matter is often used to determine the function of a given cortical area or pathway. However, when it is used to elicit postsynaptic effects, the presynaptic neuronal elements activated by electrical stimulation have never been clearly identified: it could be the excitable dendrites, the cell body, t ...
A dedicated circuit links direction-selective retinal
... to superficial V1. Notably, this circuit is anatomically segregated from the retino-geniculo-cortical pathway carrying non-directiontuned visual information to deeper layers of V1, such as layer 4. Thus, the mouse harbours several functionally specialized, parallel retinogeniculo-cortical pathways, ...
... to superficial V1. Notably, this circuit is anatomically segregated from the retino-geniculo-cortical pathway carrying non-directiontuned visual information to deeper layers of V1, such as layer 4. Thus, the mouse harbours several functionally specialized, parallel retinogeniculo-cortical pathways, ...
Evolving Robots Able to Visually Discriminate Between - laral
... 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy [email protected] ...
... 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy [email protected] ...
Simulating Populations of Neurons - Leeds VLE
... performed by the software NEST. The module Machine Learning (COMP5425M) was useful to give an understanding as to how the software NEST used learning rules to simulate different models connected in various networks. Skills and techniques learnt from the Computational Modelling module (COMP5320M) wer ...
... performed by the software NEST. The module Machine Learning (COMP5425M) was useful to give an understanding as to how the software NEST used learning rules to simulate different models connected in various networks. Skills and techniques learnt from the Computational Modelling module (COMP5320M) wer ...
The basis of the stress reaction
... where expectations, whether genetically programmed, established by prior learning, or deduced from circumstances, do not match the current or anticipated perceptions of the internal or external environment; this discrepancy between what is observed or sensed and what is expected or programmed elicit ...
... where expectations, whether genetically programmed, established by prior learning, or deduced from circumstances, do not match the current or anticipated perceptions of the internal or external environment; this discrepancy between what is observed or sensed and what is expected or programmed elicit ...
Comparison of Quantities: Core and Format
... used 4 conditions: disk sizes, arrays of dots, positive integers, and negative integers. For each condition, the canonical hemodynamic response function (cHRF), the time derivative, and dispersion derivative were calculated. The cHRF models the most commonly observed response of the BOLD impulse. Th ...
... used 4 conditions: disk sizes, arrays of dots, positive integers, and negative integers. For each condition, the canonical hemodynamic response function (cHRF), the time derivative, and dispersion derivative were calculated. The cHRF models the most commonly observed response of the BOLD impulse. Th ...
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... Cell Types and Architecture of the Adult Mouse SVZ The SVZ of adult rodents comprises four main cell types (fig. 3A): neuroblasts (also called type A cells, red), SVZ astrocytes (type B cells, blue), transit amplifying cells (type C cells, green), and ependymal cells which line the walls of the vent ...
... Cell Types and Architecture of the Adult Mouse SVZ The SVZ of adult rodents comprises four main cell types (fig. 3A): neuroblasts (also called type A cells, red), SVZ astrocytes (type B cells, blue), transit amplifying cells (type C cells, green), and ependymal cells which line the walls of the vent ...
Brain Gate
... (ALS) or spinal cord injury. The computer chip, which is implanted into the brain, monitors brain activity in the patient and converts the intention of the user into computer commands. Cyberkinetics describes that "such applications may include novel communications interfaces for motor impaired pati ...
... (ALS) or spinal cord injury. The computer chip, which is implanted into the brain, monitors brain activity in the patient and converts the intention of the user into computer commands. Cyberkinetics describes that "such applications may include novel communications interfaces for motor impaired pati ...
Understanding Opioid Reward Howard L. Fields and Elyssa B
... microinjection viruses with a Cre-inducible viral construct coding for ChR-2. These rodents learned to lever press to receive light activation of their VTA dopamine neurons [65, 66]. Furthermore, application of a burst pattern of light activation was capable of producing CPP, indicating that activit ...
... microinjection viruses with a Cre-inducible viral construct coding for ChR-2. These rodents learned to lever press to receive light activation of their VTA dopamine neurons [65, 66]. Furthermore, application of a burst pattern of light activation was capable of producing CPP, indicating that activit ...
Surface-view connectivity patterns of area 18 in cats
... This arrangement of area 17 inputs to area 18, as revealed by the locations of patches of retrogradelylabeled cells in area 17, was also apparent following separate FR, FB and WGA-HRP area 18 injections in case 92-8 1 (Fig. 1B). In case 93-99, six different tracers were applied in distinct locations ...
... This arrangement of area 17 inputs to area 18, as revealed by the locations of patches of retrogradelylabeled cells in area 17, was also apparent following separate FR, FB and WGA-HRP area 18 injections in case 92-8 1 (Fig. 1B). In case 93-99, six different tracers were applied in distinct locations ...
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... increases synchronization, and decreasing receptive Weld size by pairing diVerent tone frequencies with NB stimulation decreases synchronization. These observations seem to support the conclusion that neural synchronization is simply an artifact caused by common inputs. However, pairing tone trains ...
... increases synchronization, and decreasing receptive Weld size by pairing diVerent tone frequencies with NB stimulation decreases synchronization. These observations seem to support the conclusion that neural synchronization is simply an artifact caused by common inputs. However, pairing tone trains ...
Burst Firing and Modulation of Functional Connectivity in Cat Striate
... of the temporal firing patterns of presynaptic cat visual cortical cells on spike generation by postsynaptic cells. Multiunit recordings were dissected into the activity of individual neurons within the recorded group. Cross-correlation analysis was then used to identify directly coupled neuron pair ...
... of the temporal firing patterns of presynaptic cat visual cortical cells on spike generation by postsynaptic cells. Multiunit recordings were dissected into the activity of individual neurons within the recorded group. Cross-correlation analysis was then used to identify directly coupled neuron pair ...
Is neocortex essentially multisensory?
... In parallel to the human studies, intracranial recordings have directly confirmed multisensory convergence in auditory cortex in macaque monkeys [15,48–50]. Importantly, these studies have used a combination of singleunit, multi-unit and field potential measurements which might uncover instances of ...
... In parallel to the human studies, intracranial recordings have directly confirmed multisensory convergence in auditory cortex in macaque monkeys [15,48–50]. Importantly, these studies have used a combination of singleunit, multi-unit and field potential measurements which might uncover instances of ...