How is the stimulus represented in the nervous system?
... F. Rieke et al. Spikes MIT Press (1997). Especially chapter 2. I. Nelken et al. Encoding stimulus information by spike numbers and mean response time in primary auditory cortex. J Comput Neurosci ...
... F. Rieke et al. Spikes MIT Press (1997). Especially chapter 2. I. Nelken et al. Encoding stimulus information by spike numbers and mean response time in primary auditory cortex. J Comput Neurosci ...
Visual7
... • Meyer’s Loop: course anterior for a short distance in order to move over the lateral ventricles. • 1° cortex, in columnar fissure, is also Brodman’s Area 17. • Densest projection to the 1° visual cortex (like other sensory) is to Layer 4 (Stripe of Gennari). ...
... • Meyer’s Loop: course anterior for a short distance in order to move over the lateral ventricles. • 1° cortex, in columnar fissure, is also Brodman’s Area 17. • Densest projection to the 1° visual cortex (like other sensory) is to Layer 4 (Stripe of Gennari). ...
Evolutionary Neurotheology - UTK-EECS
... consciousness, we cannot directly observe consciousness. Nevertheless, it is possible to obtain public facts about consciousness. An analogy will help to explain the procedure. Any image inside a camera must pass through the aperture of the camera. In this sense, a camera cannot have an image of its ...
... consciousness, we cannot directly observe consciousness. Nevertheless, it is possible to obtain public facts about consciousness. An analogy will help to explain the procedure. Any image inside a camera must pass through the aperture of the camera. In this sense, a camera cannot have an image of its ...
Computational Psychiatry Seminar: Spring 2014 Week 11: The
... Decisions are made in the circuit linking the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia. Reward-predictive neural activities are found in a variety of areas in the cortex, the striatum, the globus pallidus and the thalamus. Functional brain imaging in humans show activity related to reward prediction er ...
... Decisions are made in the circuit linking the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia. Reward-predictive neural activities are found in a variety of areas in the cortex, the striatum, the globus pallidus and the thalamus. Functional brain imaging in humans show activity related to reward prediction er ...
Spontaneous plasticity in the injured spinal cord
... Previous studies in rodents demonstrated that lesions of inputs to the hippocampus, sensory cortex, motor cortex, and red nucleus can be followed by compensatory collateral sprouting.7 Recently we investigated whether intrinsic circuitry of the spinal cord, like that of the cortex and brainstem (see ...
... Previous studies in rodents demonstrated that lesions of inputs to the hippocampus, sensory cortex, motor cortex, and red nucleus can be followed by compensatory collateral sprouting.7 Recently we investigated whether intrinsic circuitry of the spinal cord, like that of the cortex and brainstem (see ...
Expression of Neurofilament Subunits in Neurons of the Central and
... and Sternberger, 1983).Other explanations,suchaslimitations in the methods used to identify NF subunits in situ, are also possible(Hickey et al., 1983). Immunohistochemical studiesof the in situ distribution of NF subunitshave appeared(Dahl, 1983;Goldstein et al., 1983; Gown and Vogel, 1984; Hickey ...
... and Sternberger, 1983).Other explanations,suchaslimitations in the methods used to identify NF subunits in situ, are also possible(Hickey et al., 1983). Immunohistochemical studiesof the in situ distribution of NF subunitshave appeared(Dahl, 1983;Goldstein et al., 1983; Gown and Vogel, 1984; Hickey ...
Chapter 2: The synapse – regulating communication and
... released even in the absence of an action potential. But if the nerve is not stimulated, the probability of a vesicle fusing with the presynaptic terminal and releasing transmitter is very low. This is because the release apparatus that controls fusion at the active zone is composed of proteins that ...
... released even in the absence of an action potential. But if the nerve is not stimulated, the probability of a vesicle fusing with the presynaptic terminal and releasing transmitter is very low. This is because the release apparatus that controls fusion at the active zone is composed of proteins that ...
Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation Polymicrogyria
... ular layer under the pia. Although this feature disappears by 27 to 30 weeks of gestation, areas of retained superficial granular layers can normally be found in the cortex of the temporal lobes and basal cortex of the frontal lobes throughout life. All cortical layers undergo special organization, ...
... ular layer under the pia. Although this feature disappears by 27 to 30 weeks of gestation, areas of retained superficial granular layers can normally be found in the cortex of the temporal lobes and basal cortex of the frontal lobes throughout life. All cortical layers undergo special organization, ...
Non-NMDA and NMDA receptors transmit area postrema input to
... period, the neuronal responses to synaptic activation and to AMPA and NMDA ejections were again measured. Starting 5 min after the antagonist injection was terminated, the neuronal responses to AMPA and NMDA ejections were tested for recovery. Once the AMPA- and NMDA-evoked responses recovered, the ...
... period, the neuronal responses to synaptic activation and to AMPA and NMDA ejections were again measured. Starting 5 min after the antagonist injection was terminated, the neuronal responses to AMPA and NMDA ejections were tested for recovery. Once the AMPA- and NMDA-evoked responses recovered, the ...
Tau pathology does not affect experience-driven single
... little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain regions affects activity-driven expression of immediate-early gene Arc required for experience-dependent conso ...
... little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain regions affects activity-driven expression of immediate-early gene Arc required for experience-dependent conso ...
Representation of naturalistic image structure in the primate visual
... asserting that the human visual system represented visual texture by measuring these statistics, and only these statistics. In this case, the theory predicts that any two images that are identical in this statistical sense must appear identical to a human. Critical to Julesz’ framing of the problem ...
... asserting that the human visual system represented visual texture by measuring these statistics, and only these statistics. In this case, the theory predicts that any two images that are identical in this statistical sense must appear identical to a human. Critical to Julesz’ framing of the problem ...
Summary
... coelomic fluid, thus an additional group of earthworms was subjected to electro-stimulation associated with the loss of coelomocytes but without the removal of the brain. During the 18-week investigations, reproduction, reconstruction of the coelomocytes pool, and regeneration of the cerebral gangli ...
... coelomic fluid, thus an additional group of earthworms was subjected to electro-stimulation associated with the loss of coelomocytes but without the removal of the brain. During the 18-week investigations, reproduction, reconstruction of the coelomocytes pool, and regeneration of the cerebral gangli ...
MATERNAL BEHAVIOUR IN LACTATING RATS STIMULATES c
... behaviour that included milk letdown. Both groups of dams had a similar number of 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylaseimmunoreactive cells in each site, although the number of 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylase-immunoreactive cells per microscopic ®eld was signi®cantly greater in the caudal ve ...
... behaviour that included milk letdown. Both groups of dams had a similar number of 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylaseimmunoreactive cells in each site, although the number of 67,000 mol. wt glutamate decarboxylase-immunoreactive cells per microscopic ®eld was signi®cantly greater in the caudal ve ...
Rich-club organization in effective connectivity among cortical neurons
... were killed after the recording session; and brain tissue was sectioned, immunostained for NeuN, and imaged to verify the silicon prong placement. Signals from all recording sites were simultaneously sampled at 25 kHz. Spike sorting was performed off-line using a semi-automated Matlab script. The da ...
... were killed after the recording session; and brain tissue was sectioned, immunostained for NeuN, and imaged to verify the silicon prong placement. Signals from all recording sites were simultaneously sampled at 25 kHz. Spike sorting was performed off-line using a semi-automated Matlab script. The da ...
PDF
... Princeton University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and the attending veterinarian. The monkey sat in a primate chair with the head fixed by a head bolt and the limbs and torso free. The monkey was rewarded with small pieces of fruit for sitting quietly during the testing session. No tr ...
... Princeton University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and the attending veterinarian. The monkey sat in a primate chair with the head fixed by a head bolt and the limbs and torso free. The monkey was rewarded with small pieces of fruit for sitting quietly during the testing session. No tr ...
Evolution of central pattern generators and rhythmic behaviours
... produce divergent behaviours from the same set of neurons. For example, two species of nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, which is the common laboratory species, and Pristionchus pacificus, a predatory nematode, each have individually identifiable neurons. The pharyngeal system used for feeding in bo ...
... produce divergent behaviours from the same set of neurons. For example, two species of nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, which is the common laboratory species, and Pristionchus pacificus, a predatory nematode, each have individually identifiable neurons. The pharyngeal system used for feeding in bo ...
Lemniscal recurrent and transcortical influences on
... 2.2. Recurrent excitatory responses ML stimulation induced EPSPs, presumably generated by recurrent collateral branches from CL neurons, on 32 out of 55 CL cells and on eight out of 29 nCL neurons tested. The mean latency of these synaptic responses was 2±0.5 ms (mean ± SD). To uncover the presumed ...
... 2.2. Recurrent excitatory responses ML stimulation induced EPSPs, presumably generated by recurrent collateral branches from CL neurons, on 32 out of 55 CL cells and on eight out of 29 nCL neurons tested. The mean latency of these synaptic responses was 2±0.5 ms (mean ± SD). To uncover the presumed ...
Minireview - Leslie Vosshall
... a small group of central brain neurons called mAL likely involved in taste sensation depends on fru function for survival, and these cells are programmed to die in normal females (Kimura et al., 2005). The same group has recently extended this work to demonstrate that another subset of male-specific ...
... a small group of central brain neurons called mAL likely involved in taste sensation depends on fru function for survival, and these cells are programmed to die in normal females (Kimura et al., 2005). The same group has recently extended this work to demonstrate that another subset of male-specific ...
Clustered Organization of Neurons with Similar Extra
... that alternated between inhibitory and facilitatory ERF properties. In total, twenty electrode penetrations were performed, among which six were relatively normal to the cortical surface (see Figures 3D and 3E). In these normal penetrations, the distribution of neuron groups with alternating inhibit ...
... that alternated between inhibitory and facilitatory ERF properties. In total, twenty electrode penetrations were performed, among which six were relatively normal to the cortical surface (see Figures 3D and 3E). In these normal penetrations, the distribution of neuron groups with alternating inhibit ...
Sample Chapter 8 from the Textbook
... or effector organs. There are three parts to a neuron: a cell body and two types of processes, called dendrites and axons. Each neuron cell body contains a single nucleus. As with any other cell, the nucleus of the neuron is the source of information for gene expression. Extensive rough endoplasmic ...
... or effector organs. There are three parts to a neuron: a cell body and two types of processes, called dendrites and axons. Each neuron cell body contains a single nucleus. As with any other cell, the nucleus of the neuron is the source of information for gene expression. Extensive rough endoplasmic ...
Thalamic Activity that Drives Visual Cortical Plasticity
... Readings for the week focus on sprouting, changing receptive fields and cortical remapping What patterns of neuronal activity follow a lesion? How do these changing patterns of activity play a role in plasticity? Specifically, what are the effects of depriving visual input from one eye on the LGN a ...
... Readings for the week focus on sprouting, changing receptive fields and cortical remapping What patterns of neuronal activity follow a lesion? How do these changing patterns of activity play a role in plasticity? Specifically, what are the effects of depriving visual input from one eye on the LGN a ...
Z333 Lecture
... Information Processing in the Nervous System: 1) Determine stimulus type (e.g. light / sound / touch) • All APs are similar in structure • Wiring pattern in brain distinguishes stimuli 2) Signal intensity of stimulus • All APs are similar in size (all-or-none response) • Intensity coded by: 1) Frequ ...
... Information Processing in the Nervous System: 1) Determine stimulus type (e.g. light / sound / touch) • All APs are similar in structure • Wiring pattern in brain distinguishes stimuli 2) Signal intensity of stimulus • All APs are similar in size (all-or-none response) • Intensity coded by: 1) Frequ ...
INFORMATION PROCESSING WITH POPULATION CODES
... concerns how information is encoded by the neural architecture of the brain. What are the units of computation and how is information represented at the neural level? An important part of the answers to these questions is that individual elements of information are encoded not by single cells, but r ...
... concerns how information is encoded by the neural architecture of the brain. What are the units of computation and how is information represented at the neural level? An important part of the answers to these questions is that individual elements of information are encoded not by single cells, but r ...
Transcripts/2_23 2
... information to the medial rectus motor neurons which then project out to the medial rectus. (This is a crossed pathway.) g. This pathway is essential in humans and primates to ensure that when the left lateral rectus on one side is active (the left lateral rectus motor neurons are active), the right ...
... information to the medial rectus motor neurons which then project out to the medial rectus. (This is a crossed pathway.) g. This pathway is essential in humans and primates to ensure that when the left lateral rectus on one side is active (the left lateral rectus motor neurons are active), the right ...
Stimuluslocked responses on human arm muscles reveal a rapid
... between the target directions based on the muscle activity. This procedure was performed for every sample (1 ms) between 40 and 300 ms after peripheral target appearance. Thus, multiple trials were used to generate a time-series of ROC values that represents the probability of determining the target ...
... between the target directions based on the muscle activity. This procedure was performed for every sample (1 ms) between 40 and 300 ms after peripheral target appearance. Thus, multiple trials were used to generate a time-series of ROC values that represents the probability of determining the target ...