Psychology
... physiological, emotional and social changes that take place. Ideally, teenagers need more sleep, but do not get the required amount of sleep and therefore cope with sleep debt. Biological ‘phase delay’ leads adolescents to experience a later shift of the sleep/wake cycle due to changes to their inte ...
... physiological, emotional and social changes that take place. Ideally, teenagers need more sleep, but do not get the required amount of sleep and therefore cope with sleep debt. Biological ‘phase delay’ leads adolescents to experience a later shift of the sleep/wake cycle due to changes to their inte ...
031709.PHitchcock.CerebellumLecture
... smoothen and coordinate the movements. This is accomplished by making synaptic contacts with the brainstem ‘motor’ centers and the cerebral hemispheres. ...
... smoothen and coordinate the movements. This is accomplished by making synaptic contacts with the brainstem ‘motor’ centers and the cerebral hemispheres. ...
No Slide Title
... – have extensions (perivascular feet) that contact blood capillaries that stimulate them to form a tight seal called the blood-brain barrier – convert blood glucose to lactate and supply this to the neurons for nourishment – Secrete nerve growth factors, promote neuron growth and synapse formation – ...
... – have extensions (perivascular feet) that contact blood capillaries that stimulate them to form a tight seal called the blood-brain barrier – convert blood glucose to lactate and supply this to the neurons for nourishment – Secrete nerve growth factors, promote neuron growth and synapse formation – ...
Depth perception by the active observer
... become clear that even without this external feedback the preparation and execution of a variety of motor actions can have an effect on three-dimensional perceptual processes. Here, we review the ways in which an observer’s motor actions – locomotion, head and eye movements, and object manipulation ...
... become clear that even without this external feedback the preparation and execution of a variety of motor actions can have an effect on three-dimensional perceptual processes. Here, we review the ways in which an observer’s motor actions – locomotion, head and eye movements, and object manipulation ...
Chapter 14 Lecture Outline
... Introduction • The human brain is extremely complex • Brain function is associated clinically with what it means to be alive or dead • Importance of the brain hasn’t always been well understood – Aristotle thought brain just cooled blood – But Hippocrates (earlier) had more accurate view of brain’s ...
... Introduction • The human brain is extremely complex • Brain function is associated clinically with what it means to be alive or dead • Importance of the brain hasn’t always been well understood – Aristotle thought brain just cooled blood – But Hippocrates (earlier) had more accurate view of brain’s ...
brain anatomy - Sinoe Medical Association
... •Is defined as one of the two regions of the brain that are delineated by the body's median plane. •The brain can thus be described as being divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres. Each of these hemispheres has an outer layer of grey matter called the cerebral cortex that is supported by a ...
... •Is defined as one of the two regions of the brain that are delineated by the body's median plane. •The brain can thus be described as being divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres. Each of these hemispheres has an outer layer of grey matter called the cerebral cortex that is supported by a ...
ch14_lecture - Napa Valley College
... Introduction • The human brain is extremely complex • Brain function is associated clinically with what it means to be alive or dead • Importance of the brain hasn’t always been well understood – Aristotle thought brain just cooled blood – But Hippocrates (earlier) had more accurate view of brain’s ...
... Introduction • The human brain is extremely complex • Brain function is associated clinically with what it means to be alive or dead • Importance of the brain hasn’t always been well understood – Aristotle thought brain just cooled blood – But Hippocrates (earlier) had more accurate view of brain’s ...
system quanta as discrete units of behavior
... Trigger mechanisms. The activity of system quantum originates after excitability of elements forming it achieves certain critical level (Fig. 2). Activity of system quanta proceeds until the initial need is satisfied. The most investigated are the trigger mechanisms of system quanta of behavior. Bi ...
... Trigger mechanisms. The activity of system quantum originates after excitability of elements forming it achieves certain critical level (Fig. 2). Activity of system quanta proceeds until the initial need is satisfied. The most investigated are the trigger mechanisms of system quanta of behavior. Bi ...
Gestalt Issues in Modern Neuroscience
... A basic notion worked out by Gestalt psychology (e.g., in studies of the Ganzfeld by Metzger, 1930, and of figure-ground segregation by Ehrenstein, 1930) is the need for sufficient contrast of the visual stimulus. Unless the contrast of a stimulus is above threshold (absolute or differential), Gesta ...
... A basic notion worked out by Gestalt psychology (e.g., in studies of the Ganzfeld by Metzger, 1930, and of figure-ground segregation by Ehrenstein, 1930) is the need for sufficient contrast of the visual stimulus. Unless the contrast of a stimulus is above threshold (absolute or differential), Gesta ...
The Nervous System
... The Action Potential Along the axon membrane there are numerous ion channels. Normally these channels are blocked, but if a neuron is sufficiently stimulated the ion channels open and positive ions rush in. The neuron becomes positively charged and an action potential is been ...
... The Action Potential Along the axon membrane there are numerous ion channels. Normally these channels are blocked, but if a neuron is sufficiently stimulated the ion channels open and positive ions rush in. The neuron becomes positively charged and an action potential is been ...
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Decomposing the
... before actions are prepared and executed. However, our brain does not adhere to this clear-cut separation (Cisek 2012; Selen and others 2012; Thura and Cisek 2014). Instead, the influence of different processes is thought to occur in a continuous, parallel fashion, whereby several regions influence ...
... before actions are prepared and executed. However, our brain does not adhere to this clear-cut separation (Cisek 2012; Selen and others 2012; Thura and Cisek 2014). Instead, the influence of different processes is thought to occur in a continuous, parallel fashion, whereby several regions influence ...
Spatiotemporal Properties of Eye Position Signals
... time integral of eye movement (velocity) signals (Robinson 1981; Fukushima and others 1992). Because neurons in the central thalamus receive inputs from brainstem nuclei consisting of the neural integrator including the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (Kotchabhakdi and others 1980), the interstitial n ...
... time integral of eye movement (velocity) signals (Robinson 1981; Fukushima and others 1992). Because neurons in the central thalamus receive inputs from brainstem nuclei consisting of the neural integrator including the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (Kotchabhakdi and others 1980), the interstitial n ...
Executive Functions: Eye Movements and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
... renewed interest, much is now known about SPEM deficits in schizophrenia. There seem to be two basic deficits in the SPEMs of people with schizophrenia: (1) reduced gain of smooth pursuit and (2) increased saccadic events. Pursuit gain is a measure of the accuracy of the smooth eye movement, and peo ...
... renewed interest, much is now known about SPEM deficits in schizophrenia. There seem to be two basic deficits in the SPEMs of people with schizophrenia: (1) reduced gain of smooth pursuit and (2) increased saccadic events. Pursuit gain is a measure of the accuracy of the smooth eye movement, and peo ...
Controlling the Elements: An Optogenetic Approach to
... largely unknown. Although traditional techniques have been valuable in defining the fear circuit, they lack the temporal and spatial specificity needed to make further progress on many of these issues. To address these questions, techniques for manipulating specific circuit elements (i.e., subpopula ...
... largely unknown. Although traditional techniques have been valuable in defining the fear circuit, they lack the temporal and spatial specificity needed to make further progress on many of these issues. To address these questions, techniques for manipulating specific circuit elements (i.e., subpopula ...
Goal-direction and top-down control
... signals (in light orange) influence synapses in PFC but are much stronger in striatum. GPe, globus pallidus external parts; GPi, globus pallidus internal parts; SNpr, substantia nigra, pars reticulata; STN, subthalamic nucleus. suggests that neither strengthening nor weakening of synapses in the str ...
... signals (in light orange) influence synapses in PFC but are much stronger in striatum. GPe, globus pallidus external parts; GPi, globus pallidus internal parts; SNpr, substantia nigra, pars reticulata; STN, subthalamic nucleus. suggests that neither strengthening nor weakening of synapses in the str ...
Higher-Order Functions
... diencephalon, plays an uncertain role in memory storage and retrieval. Damage to this nucleus is associated with changes in emotional states, memory, and intellectual function. ...
... diencephalon, plays an uncertain role in memory storage and retrieval. Damage to this nucleus is associated with changes in emotional states, memory, and intellectual function. ...
Glutamate-like immunoreactivity in axon terminals from the olfactory
... revealed anterogradely labelled terminals making asymmetric synaptic contacts on dendrites in the piriform cortex which contained high levels of glutamate as assessed by quantification. These results further support a role for glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the efferent pathway of the rat olfact ...
... revealed anterogradely labelled terminals making asymmetric synaptic contacts on dendrites in the piriform cortex which contained high levels of glutamate as assessed by quantification. These results further support a role for glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the efferent pathway of the rat olfact ...
The orbitofrontal cortex: Neuronal activity in the behaving monkey
... "clinical" type of testing was designed to allow analysis of neuronal responses related to feeding, or to the presentation of aversive objects. Various food, non-food and aversive objects were presented and brought towards the animal, and in the case of foods, fed to the animal. Measurements of the ...
... "clinical" type of testing was designed to allow analysis of neuronal responses related to feeding, or to the presentation of aversive objects. Various food, non-food and aversive objects were presented and brought towards the animal, and in the case of foods, fed to the animal. Measurements of the ...
Visual Motion-Detection Circuits in Flies: Small
... Olberg, 1995). If different insects respond similarly to optomotor stimuli, they could have evolved circuits for this function separately. If they share evolutionarily common circuits for motion detection, then this situation should be reflected by conserved cell types and arrangements across taxa. ...
... Olberg, 1995). If different insects respond similarly to optomotor stimuli, they could have evolved circuits for this function separately. If they share evolutionarily common circuits for motion detection, then this situation should be reflected by conserved cell types and arrangements across taxa. ...
5. Third year activities - LIRA-Lab
... and neural sciences. MIRROR has seen the joint effort of a true multidisciplinary team, and we believe that this is not common even in other projects with similar aims. On the other hand, MIRROR did not fully achieve the integration of the many experiments on a single working demonstrator. We would ...
... and neural sciences. MIRROR has seen the joint effort of a true multidisciplinary team, and we believe that this is not common even in other projects with similar aims. On the other hand, MIRROR did not fully achieve the integration of the many experiments on a single working demonstrator. We would ...
Reduced Levels of Acetylcholine Receptor Expression in Chick
... oculomotor nucleus(AON), and the AON is accessiblefor surgical removal in the embryo prior to the time of synapseformation in the ganglion (Martin and Pilar, 1963a,b;Cowan and Wenger, 1968; Narayanan and Narayanan, 1976; Landmesser and Pilar, 1978; Furber et al., 1987). Normally, innervation beginsa ...
... oculomotor nucleus(AON), and the AON is accessiblefor surgical removal in the embryo prior to the time of synapseformation in the ganglion (Martin and Pilar, 1963a,b;Cowan and Wenger, 1968; Narayanan and Narayanan, 1976; Landmesser and Pilar, 1978; Furber et al., 1987). Normally, innervation beginsa ...