Olfactory Coding in the Honeybee Lateral Horn
... volatiles and social pheromones. Recordings reveal odorspecific maps in this brain region as stimulations with the same odorant elicit more similar spatial activity patterns than stimulations with different odorants. Odor-similarity relationships are mostly conserved between antennal lobe and latera ...
... volatiles and social pheromones. Recordings reveal odorspecific maps in this brain region as stimulations with the same odorant elicit more similar spatial activity patterns than stimulations with different odorants. Odor-similarity relationships are mostly conserved between antennal lobe and latera ...
Words in the Brain - Rice University -
... The node as a cortical column • The properties of the cortical column are approximately those described by Vernon Mountcastle – Mountcastle, Perceptual Neuroscience, 1998 • Additional properties of columns and functional webs can be derived from Mountcastle’s treatment together with neurolinguistic ...
... The node as a cortical column • The properties of the cortical column are approximately those described by Vernon Mountcastle – Mountcastle, Perceptual Neuroscience, 1998 • Additional properties of columns and functional webs can be derived from Mountcastle’s treatment together with neurolinguistic ...
Neural Compensations After Lesion of the Cerebral
... We hasten to point out, however, that this reorganization is insufficient to influence recovery of skilled motor sequences or of species typical behaviors (e.g., food hoarding, nest building, social behavior). Nevertheless, the brain-behavior correlation with at least some functional compensation is ...
... We hasten to point out, however, that this reorganization is insufficient to influence recovery of skilled motor sequences or of species typical behaviors (e.g., food hoarding, nest building, social behavior). Nevertheless, the brain-behavior correlation with at least some functional compensation is ...
FROM MOTIVATION TO ACTION - The University of Texas at Dallas
... for which he was awarded the Nobel prize in 1949. He also demonstrated that attack. feeding and other complex, biologically-significant behaviors could be elicited by electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus in unanesthetized cats. These observations were confirmed and extended by other investigat ...
... for which he was awarded the Nobel prize in 1949. He also demonstrated that attack. feeding and other complex, biologically-significant behaviors could be elicited by electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus in unanesthetized cats. These observations were confirmed and extended by other investigat ...
Stereotyped connectivity and computations in higher
... Here we show that lateral horn neurons (LHNs) receive input from sparse and stereotyped combinations of glomeruli that are coactivated by odors, and certain combinations of glomeruli are over-represented. One morphological LHN type is broadly tuned and sums input from multiple glomeruli. These neuro ...
... Here we show that lateral horn neurons (LHNs) receive input from sparse and stereotyped combinations of glomeruli that are coactivated by odors, and certain combinations of glomeruli are over-represented. One morphological LHN type is broadly tuned and sums input from multiple glomeruli. These neuro ...
the primate amygdala: neuronal representations of
... After cluster cutting of the spikes with Datawave software, the numbers of spikes of the single neuron in 80 time bins each 100 ms long starting at the onset of the stimulus were obtained using SPSS. Statistical analysis was performed on the numbers of spikes in the first 1 s period after stimulus o ...
... After cluster cutting of the spikes with Datawave software, the numbers of spikes of the single neuron in 80 time bins each 100 ms long starting at the onset of the stimulus were obtained using SPSS. Statistical analysis was performed on the numbers of spikes in the first 1 s period after stimulus o ...
Brain Oscillations Control Timing of Single
... Figure 1. A, Activity of a neuron from subject 2’s right superior temporal gyrus, which was phase locked to the peak of 7.3 Hz theta oscillations. Left, Spike-triggered LFP average. Spike onset occurred at 0 ms. Middle, Z score from Rayleigh test evaluating the hypothesis of a uniform LFP phase dist ...
... Figure 1. A, Activity of a neuron from subject 2’s right superior temporal gyrus, which was phase locked to the peak of 7.3 Hz theta oscillations. Left, Spike-triggered LFP average. Spike onset occurred at 0 ms. Middle, Z score from Rayleigh test evaluating the hypothesis of a uniform LFP phase dist ...
Hypothalamic pathways linking energy balance and reproduction
... In both the AVPV and arcuate nucleus, KiSS-1 is regulated by sex steroids (83– 85). Estrogen and androgen receptors (ER␣ and AR, respectively) are found in a high percentage of KiSS-1-expressing neurons, and estradiol and testosterone increase KiSS-1 expression in the AVPV and decrease KiSS-1 expres ...
... In both the AVPV and arcuate nucleus, KiSS-1 is regulated by sex steroids (83– 85). Estrogen and androgen receptors (ER␣ and AR, respectively) are found in a high percentage of KiSS-1-expressing neurons, and estradiol and testosterone increase KiSS-1 expression in the AVPV and decrease KiSS-1 expres ...
Mirror Neurons, Embodied Simulation, and the Neural Basis of
... devoid of meaning for the observer—into something that the observer is able to understand (Gallese et al., 1996; Rizzolatti et al., 1996). The proposal that mirror neurons’ activity reflects an internal motor description of the perceived action’s meaning rather than a mere a visual description of it ...
... devoid of meaning for the observer—into something that the observer is able to understand (Gallese et al., 1996; Rizzolatti et al., 1996). The proposal that mirror neurons’ activity reflects an internal motor description of the perceived action’s meaning rather than a mere a visual description of it ...
Axonogenesis in the Brain of Zebrafish Embryos
... lenging since it consistsof so many different neurons which develop in a highly complex spatialand temporal pattern. Thus, the growth conesof brain neuronsmust encounter a myriad of conditions as they navigate through the developing brain. One strategy to investigate pathfinding in the vertebrate br ...
... lenging since it consistsof so many different neurons which develop in a highly complex spatialand temporal pattern. Thus, the growth conesof brain neuronsmust encounter a myriad of conditions as they navigate through the developing brain. One strategy to investigate pathfinding in the vertebrate br ...
Mapping of second order olfactory neurons and ventral
... between the brain circuit and the motoric system, being positioned in the ventral-cord ganglia, is not described in the current insect group. In this study, fluorescence staining of the axon terminals of the second-order neurons, i.e. antennal-lobe projection neurons, was combined with staining of v ...
... between the brain circuit and the motoric system, being positioned in the ventral-cord ganglia, is not described in the current insect group. In this study, fluorescence staining of the axon terminals of the second-order neurons, i.e. antennal-lobe projection neurons, was combined with staining of v ...
Current Challenges Facing the Translation of Brain
... the BCI, functional reorganization occurs in multiple brain areas, resulting from closed-loop feedback and adaptation to performing the new BCI-related task, and presumably allowing a smaller number of units to function in tuning the device (Taylor et al., 2002; Carmena et al., 2003). The ability to ...
... the BCI, functional reorganization occurs in multiple brain areas, resulting from closed-loop feedback and adaptation to performing the new BCI-related task, and presumably allowing a smaller number of units to function in tuning the device (Taylor et al., 2002; Carmena et al., 2003). The ability to ...
The role of the hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus in the central
... 5.2.2. PrRP-containing nerve fibers and terminals in the DMH PrRP immunolabeling was detected in different parts of the hypothalamus. PrRP-ir cell bodies appeared exclusively in the most caudal part of the DMH, while PrRP-ir fibers were present in the dorsal and ventral subdivisions of the DMH, as ...
... 5.2.2. PrRP-containing nerve fibers and terminals in the DMH PrRP immunolabeling was detected in different parts of the hypothalamus. PrRP-ir cell bodies appeared exclusively in the most caudal part of the DMH, while PrRP-ir fibers were present in the dorsal and ventral subdivisions of the DMH, as ...
Monkey Models of Recovery of Voluntary Hand
... activate many of these ascending pathways and feedback projections. In both humans and macaque monkeys, the major descending motor tract, the corticospinal tract (CST1), also plays a critical role in fine directed movements of the hands and digits. The CST originates from multiple regions of the som ...
... activate many of these ascending pathways and feedback projections. In both humans and macaque monkeys, the major descending motor tract, the corticospinal tract (CST1), also plays a critical role in fine directed movements of the hands and digits. The CST originates from multiple regions of the som ...
Dynamics of Learning and Recall ... Recurrent Synapses and Cholinergic Modulation
... Hippocampal region CA3 contains extensive recurrent excitation, mediatedby synapsesof the longitudinal associationfibers that arise from region CA3 pyramidal cells and terminate on other pyramidal cells along the septotemporalaxis of the hippocampus(seeAmaral and Witter, 1989, for review). Extensive ...
... Hippocampal region CA3 contains extensive recurrent excitation, mediatedby synapsesof the longitudinal associationfibers that arise from region CA3 pyramidal cells and terminate on other pyramidal cells along the septotemporalaxis of the hippocampus(seeAmaral and Witter, 1989, for review). Extensive ...
2320Lecture20
... – changes accompanied by full-field transients are hard to detect • e.g. change blindness • orienting mechanism is blinded by the transient ...
... – changes accompanied by full-field transients are hard to detect • e.g. change blindness • orienting mechanism is blinded by the transient ...
Amo, Neuron, 2014
... Learned fear responses are emotional behaviors conserved among animals. In mammals, panic responses to danger such as freezing or flight are commonly observed when an aversive stimulus is expected and are useful as immediate response to threat. However, learning an adaptive strategy to avoid danger ...
... Learned fear responses are emotional behaviors conserved among animals. In mammals, panic responses to danger such as freezing or flight are commonly observed when an aversive stimulus is expected and are useful as immediate response to threat. However, learning an adaptive strategy to avoid danger ...
Primate Motor Cortex and Free Arm Movements to Visual
... to the change in the cell’s discharge rate associated with the particular direction of movement. The vector sum of these contributions is the outcome of the population code (the “neuronal population vector”) and points in the direction of movement in space well before the movement begins. Evidence w ...
... to the change in the cell’s discharge rate associated with the particular direction of movement. The vector sum of these contributions is the outcome of the population code (the “neuronal population vector”) and points in the direction of movement in space well before the movement begins. Evidence w ...
Long-range GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex modulate
... projections from subcortical regions to NAcc elicit aversion. Thus the authors tested whether cortical GABAergic projections could also mediate aversive responses. Indeed, they found that mice refrained from entering a chamber paired with stimulation of GABAergic mPFC fibers in NAcc, suggesting that ...
... projections from subcortical regions to NAcc elicit aversion. Thus the authors tested whether cortical GABAergic projections could also mediate aversive responses. Indeed, they found that mice refrained from entering a chamber paired with stimulation of GABAergic mPFC fibers in NAcc, suggesting that ...
DIENCEPHALON
... • important for regulation of basic functions and linkage of basic functions to more complex functions such as movement ...
... • important for regulation of basic functions and linkage of basic functions to more complex functions such as movement ...
Physiological Plasticity of Single Neurons in Auditory Cortex of the
... At the level of auditory cortex, the situ- which is prototypical of nonlemnical audiation has not yet been clarified, but it is tory cortex (D. Diamond & Weinberger, probably more complex than at the thala- 1984). Such comparative information may mus. Auditory cortex consists of several be important ...
... At the level of auditory cortex, the situ- which is prototypical of nonlemnical audiation has not yet been clarified, but it is tory cortex (D. Diamond & Weinberger, probably more complex than at the thala- 1984). Such comparative information may mus. Auditory cortex consists of several be important ...
GABAergic neuron distribution in the pedunculopontine nucleus
... Indeed, recent studies have shown that there are also functional differences between the two portions of the PPN, which have been evaluated in terms of behavioral responses following excitotoxic lesions or electrical stimulation (Alderson et al., 2006, 2008; Andero et al., 2007). Taken together, the ...
... Indeed, recent studies have shown that there are also functional differences between the two portions of the PPN, which have been evaluated in terms of behavioral responses following excitotoxic lesions or electrical stimulation (Alderson et al., 2006, 2008; Andero et al., 2007). Taken together, the ...
Applied Pediatrics Jose A. Robles, MD Pediatric Neurology HISTORY
... • Definition of Terms: – Obtundation : mild to moderate blunting of alertness, accompanied by a lessened interest in or response to the environment. Patient have an increase in the number of hours of sleep, often with drowsiness in Delirium : characterized by disorientation, irritability, delusions ...
... • Definition of Terms: – Obtundation : mild to moderate blunting of alertness, accompanied by a lessened interest in or response to the environment. Patient have an increase in the number of hours of sleep, often with drowsiness in Delirium : characterized by disorientation, irritability, delusions ...
Developmental - Schizophrenia Research Forum
... object recognition memory were improved by clozapine but not haloperidol; deficits in Morris water maze were improve by clozapine ...
... object recognition memory were improved by clozapine but not haloperidol; deficits in Morris water maze were improve by clozapine ...
Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Rat Parabrachial Region: Ultrastructural
... Axons and axon terminals with TH-I comprised the remaining 83% (524 out of 625) of all labeled profiles in the dorsal, ventral, central, and external nuclei of the PBR. The axons were primarily small (0.1-0.2 pm in diameter) and unmyelinated (Fig. 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0. ...
... Axons and axon terminals with TH-I comprised the remaining 83% (524 out of 625) of all labeled profiles in the dorsal, ventral, central, and external nuclei of the PBR. The axons were primarily small (0.1-0.2 pm in diameter) and unmyelinated (Fig. 4A). However, occasionally a slightly larger (0.3-0. ...