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Chapter 3: The Biological Bases of Behavior
... – Neuron at rest – negative charge on inside compared to outside – -70 millivolts – resting potential ...
... – Neuron at rest – negative charge on inside compared to outside – -70 millivolts – resting potential ...
Nervous System
... Pinna (auricle) collect the sound Sound waves travel down the auditory canal Sound waves hit the tympanic membrane (eardrum) ...
... Pinna (auricle) collect the sound Sound waves travel down the auditory canal Sound waves hit the tympanic membrane (eardrum) ...
Auditory: Stimulus Auditory
... • Stimulus: 20‐20,000 Hz sound waves • Receptors: Hair cells in the cochlea • Transduction: Physical opening of ion channels in the cochlea by the tectorial membrane • Afferent Signals: unevenly distributed to allow most signals for range of human speech • Pathway: contralateral to primary auditor ...
... • Stimulus: 20‐20,000 Hz sound waves • Receptors: Hair cells in the cochlea • Transduction: Physical opening of ion channels in the cochlea by the tectorial membrane • Afferent Signals: unevenly distributed to allow most signals for range of human speech • Pathway: contralateral to primary auditor ...
Biology 3201
... Myelin Sheath An insulating layer around an axon. Made up of Schwann cells. Nodes of Ranvier Gaps between schwann cells. Function: Saltatory Conduction (Situation where speed of an impulse is greatly increased by the message ‘jumping’ the gaps in an axon). ...
... Myelin Sheath An insulating layer around an axon. Made up of Schwann cells. Nodes of Ranvier Gaps between schwann cells. Function: Saltatory Conduction (Situation where speed of an impulse is greatly increased by the message ‘jumping’ the gaps in an axon). ...
modality intensity duration location four attributes of a stimulus
... root ganglion (DRG) cells (blue) send peripheral axons to be part of a touch receptor, whereas a third cell (red) is a pain receptor. By activating the neurons of touch receptors, direct touching of the skin or electrical stimulation of an appropriate axon produces the sensation of light touch at a ...
... root ganglion (DRG) cells (blue) send peripheral axons to be part of a touch receptor, whereas a third cell (red) is a pain receptor. By activating the neurons of touch receptors, direct touching of the skin or electrical stimulation of an appropriate axon produces the sensation of light touch at a ...
Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the
... • i.e.: rub eyes = mechanical stimulus causes visual of flashes of lights; any activity along optic nerve travels to visual cortex = visual ...
... • i.e.: rub eyes = mechanical stimulus causes visual of flashes of lights; any activity along optic nerve travels to visual cortex = visual ...
here - York University
... second action potential occurs before the calcium is able to return to its steady-state, more calcium will enter causing an elevation in concentration greater than the previous action potential. As a result, more neurotransmitter is expected to be released with the second action potential which in t ...
... second action potential occurs before the calcium is able to return to its steady-state, more calcium will enter causing an elevation in concentration greater than the previous action potential. As a result, more neurotransmitter is expected to be released with the second action potential which in t ...
Biology 360: Motor Behaviors and Review 1) What is a central
... 5) The connection between cell 1 and cell 2a is called? ______synapse_____________ 6) What happens in this region? Electrical information passing through the axon of cell 1 will be transduced into a chemical signal. This occurs when the action potential has reached the synapse (presynaptic terminal) ...
... 5) The connection between cell 1 and cell 2a is called? ______synapse_____________ 6) What happens in this region? Electrical information passing through the axon of cell 1 will be transduced into a chemical signal. This occurs when the action potential has reached the synapse (presynaptic terminal) ...
File
... 10. The three main components of a neuron are the cell body, dendrites, and axon. What are the functions of each component? Answer: Cell body- control center (nucleus & cytoplasm). Axons- extends from cell body & produces nerve terminals. Dendrite- receives messages from other neurons. ...
... 10. The three main components of a neuron are the cell body, dendrites, and axon. What are the functions of each component? Answer: Cell body- control center (nucleus & cytoplasm). Axons- extends from cell body & produces nerve terminals. Dendrite- receives messages from other neurons. ...
Neurons, Synapses and Signaling
... Electrical Synapses- contain gap junctions which allow electrical currents to flow from one neuron to the next. Chemical Synapses- release a chemical neurotransmitter between cells. ...
... Electrical Synapses- contain gap junctions which allow electrical currents to flow from one neuron to the next. Chemical Synapses- release a chemical neurotransmitter between cells. ...
Chapter 41
... In humans, the olfactory epithelium is found on the roof of the nasal cavity. It contains about 100 million specialized olfactory cells with ciliated tips. The cilia extend into the layer of mucus on the epithelial surface of the nasal passageway. Receptor molecules on the cilia bind to compounds th ...
... In humans, the olfactory epithelium is found on the roof of the nasal cavity. It contains about 100 million specialized olfactory cells with ciliated tips. The cilia extend into the layer of mucus on the epithelial surface of the nasal passageway. Receptor molecules on the cilia bind to compounds th ...
The Nervous System - Ridgewood High School
... ensues, depolarizing the cell and causing the VM to increase. This is the rising phase of an AP. • Eventually, the Na+ channel will have inactivated and the K+ channels will be open. Now, K+ effluxes and repolarization occurs. This is the falling phase. – K+ channels are slow to open and slow to clo ...
... ensues, depolarizing the cell and causing the VM to increase. This is the rising phase of an AP. • Eventually, the Na+ channel will have inactivated and the K+ channels will be open. Now, K+ effluxes and repolarization occurs. This is the falling phase. – K+ channels are slow to open and slow to clo ...
The nervous system - Mr T Pities the Fool
... neurone: 1. Sensory neurone – carry impulse from receptor to CNS 2. Relay – connects sensory to motor 3. Motor – connects CNS to effector which makes a response. (muscle, gland) ...
... neurone: 1. Sensory neurone – carry impulse from receptor to CNS 2. Relay – connects sensory to motor 3. Motor – connects CNS to effector which makes a response. (muscle, gland) ...
Neurons, nerves and glia
... Axon – the biggest branch extending from the cell body Myelin sheath – fatty tissue which covers axons ...
... Axon – the biggest branch extending from the cell body Myelin sheath – fatty tissue which covers axons ...
How the Nervous System Works
... The nervous system receives information about what is happening both inside and outside your body. It also directs the way in which your body responds to this information. In addition, the nervous system helps maintain homeostasis. A stimulus is any change or signal in the environment that can make ...
... The nervous system receives information about what is happening both inside and outside your body. It also directs the way in which your body responds to this information. In addition, the nervous system helps maintain homeostasis. A stimulus is any change or signal in the environment that can make ...
Nervous System
... covered by Schwann cells. Since these cells are made from lipids, they are insulators. This causes the electrical signal to jump over the Schwann cells increase the speed of the signal. This is known as salutatory conduction. ...
... covered by Schwann cells. Since these cells are made from lipids, they are insulators. This causes the electrical signal to jump over the Schwann cells increase the speed of the signal. This is known as salutatory conduction. ...
Chapter 5b
... – Positively charged sodium – Positively charged potassium – Negatively charged chloride ions – Other negatively charged proteins. ...
... – Positively charged sodium – Positively charged potassium – Negatively charged chloride ions – Other negatively charged proteins. ...
Chapter 32 The Nervous System, Cells of the Nervous System
... D Resting potential — difference in charge across membrane in resting cell D During nerve impulse, change in voltage across membrane — action potential — due to ion movement D Impulse moves along axon as wave ...
... D Resting potential — difference in charge across membrane in resting cell D During nerve impulse, change in voltage across membrane — action potential — due to ion movement D Impulse moves along axon as wave ...
Stimulus (physiology)
In physiology, a stimulus (plural stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it normally elicits or influences a reflex via stimulus transduction. These sensory receptors can receive information from outside the body, as in touch receptors found in the skin or light receptors in the eye, as well as from inside the body, as in chemoreceptors and mechanorceptors. An internal stimulus is often the first component of a homeostatic control system. External stimuli are capable of producing systemic responses throughout the body, as in the fight-or-flight response. In order for a stimulus to be detected with high probability, its level must exceed the absolute threshold; if a signal does reach threshold, the information is transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), where it is integrated and a decision on how to react is made. Although stimuli commonly cause the body to respond, it is the CNS that finally determines whether a signal causes a reaction or not.