PDF - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior
... offsets. Pre-onset decreases or pre-offset increases are never observed (Goldberg et al. 2012; Goldberg and Fee 2012). The striking homogeneity of these signals appears only during the babbling stage of vocal development. At later plastic and adult song stages, each GPi-like neuron exhibits its own ...
... offsets. Pre-onset decreases or pre-offset increases are never observed (Goldberg et al. 2012; Goldberg and Fee 2012). The striking homogeneity of these signals appears only during the babbling stage of vocal development. At later plastic and adult song stages, each GPi-like neuron exhibits its own ...
Impaired odour discrimination on desynchronization of odour
... projection neurons in response to odours without otherwise altering their individual response patterns, even when these patterns include periods of reduced firing, as observed in locusts12. Our results establish picrotoxin as a selective pharmacological tool for testing the role of oscillatory synch ...
... projection neurons in response to odours without otherwise altering their individual response patterns, even when these patterns include periods of reduced firing, as observed in locusts12. Our results establish picrotoxin as a selective pharmacological tool for testing the role of oscillatory synch ...
Structure and Function in the Inferior Olivary Nucleus
... The inferior olivary nucleus is the source of the climbing fibres, one of the two major afferent pathways into the cerebellum. This thesis is concerned with aspects of the cellular anat ...
... The inferior olivary nucleus is the source of the climbing fibres, one of the two major afferent pathways into the cerebellum. This thesis is concerned with aspects of the cellular anat ...
Lemniscal recurrent and transcortical influences on
... depolarization (marked by black dots). Note also that the fast afterhyperpolarization clearly visible at the beginning of the train decreased as the membrane hyperpolarized, thus indicating its voltage dependence. The presumed recurrent spike was blocked by membrane depolarization, uncovering the un ...
... depolarization (marked by black dots). Note also that the fast afterhyperpolarization clearly visible at the beginning of the train decreased as the membrane hyperpolarized, thus indicating its voltage dependence. The presumed recurrent spike was blocked by membrane depolarization, uncovering the un ...
Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Placement and Functional
... neurons (Baude et al. 1993). While there are a few reports of specific cell regions on particular types of neurons where type 1 synapses are localized directly on the dendritic shaft (Megias et al. 2001; Parnavelas et al. 1977), this is generally not the case. Given that the vast majority of spines, ...
... neurons (Baude et al. 1993). While there are a few reports of specific cell regions on particular types of neurons where type 1 synapses are localized directly on the dendritic shaft (Megias et al. 2001; Parnavelas et al. 1977), this is generally not the case. Given that the vast majority of spines, ...
PINP: A New Method of Tagging Neuronal Populations
... photostimulation (10 ms LED pulses) with white noise acoustic stimulation (35 ms duration, 70 dB) presented at 0.67 Hz. We searched for ChR2-expressing (and hence PV-expressing) neurons by slowly advancing a tungsten extracellular recording electrode through the auditory cortex until each light flas ...
... photostimulation (10 ms LED pulses) with white noise acoustic stimulation (35 ms duration, 70 dB) presented at 0.67 Hz. We searched for ChR2-expressing (and hence PV-expressing) neurons by slowly advancing a tungsten extracellular recording electrode through the auditory cortex until each light flas ...
Stereotyped connectivity and computations in higher
... glomeruli to extract information about olfactory features of the environment. To understand higher olfactory processing, it is therefore fundamental to understand how signals from different glomeruli are combined. In D. melanogaster and other insects, there are two higher-order olfactory brain regio ...
... glomeruli to extract information about olfactory features of the environment. To understand higher olfactory processing, it is therefore fundamental to understand how signals from different glomeruli are combined. In D. melanogaster and other insects, there are two higher-order olfactory brain regio ...
Serotonin Depletion In Vivo Inhibits the
... 1% ascorbate, and 0.05% visual marker) by the use of the procedure described previously by Benton et al. (1997). Control animals were injected only with vehicle solution, whereas normal animals were handled but not injected. Embryos were injected or handled once a week for 3 weeks and then allowed t ...
... 1% ascorbate, and 0.05% visual marker) by the use of the procedure described previously by Benton et al. (1997). Control animals were injected only with vehicle solution, whereas normal animals were handled but not injected. Embryos were injected or handled once a week for 3 weeks and then allowed t ...
Sample
... 45) Which of the following is inserted into an axon to record electrical potentials? A) a single reference wire. B) a microelectrode inserted into the axon interior C) an oscilloscope D) a voltmeter terminal E) A thin metal cannula Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 30 Objective: Factual LO: 2.4 APA:2.1 46 ...
... 45) Which of the following is inserted into an axon to record electrical potentials? A) a single reference wire. B) a microelectrode inserted into the axon interior C) an oscilloscope D) a voltmeter terminal E) A thin metal cannula Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 30 Objective: Factual LO: 2.4 APA:2.1 46 ...
Effects of galanin on wide-dynamic range neuron activity
... physiological levels, a heating plate was placed under the rat so that rectal temperature remained between 35 and 36.58C. At the end of the experiments, the rats were killed with an overdose of pentobarbital sodium. ...
... physiological levels, a heating plate was placed under the rat so that rectal temperature remained between 35 and 36.58C. At the end of the experiments, the rats were killed with an overdose of pentobarbital sodium. ...
computational modeling of observational learning - FORTH-ICS
... Observational learning is the ability to learn and acquire new motor knowledge only by observation. Otherwise referred to as mental practice, or mental imagery, observational learning is formally defined as the symbolic rehearsal of a physical activity in the absence of a ...
... Observational learning is the ability to learn and acquire new motor knowledge only by observation. Otherwise referred to as mental practice, or mental imagery, observational learning is formally defined as the symbolic rehearsal of a physical activity in the absence of a ...
Chapter 20
... a. the first neuron has its cell body in the CNS and its myelinated axon extends from the CNS to an autonomic ganglion b. the second neuron has its cell body in the autonomic ganglion and its unmyelinated axon extends directly to the autonomic effector v. autonomic motor neurons release either acety ...
... a. the first neuron has its cell body in the CNS and its myelinated axon extends from the CNS to an autonomic ganglion b. the second neuron has its cell body in the autonomic ganglion and its unmyelinated axon extends directly to the autonomic effector v. autonomic motor neurons release either acety ...
compound action potential: nerve conduction
... through the completion of the response is measured, the complete cycle time for the impulse can be measured. The inverse of this period can be used to estimate the maximum frequency of stimulation in pulses per milliseconds (ppmsec) or pulses per second (pps). When an action potential is produced in ...
... through the completion of the response is measured, the complete cycle time for the impulse can be measured. The inverse of this period can be used to estimate the maximum frequency of stimulation in pulses per milliseconds (ppmsec) or pulses per second (pps). When an action potential is produced in ...
MECHANISMS OF CENTRAL TRANSMISSION OF RESPIRATORY
... By means of extracellular recordings from respiratory and reticular neurons only the type a and b respiratory drive can be distinguished from c and from d, but not a from b. For reflexes depressing respiration the same considerations are applicable but with the inverse sign (right part of Table I). ...
... By means of extracellular recordings from respiratory and reticular neurons only the type a and b respiratory drive can be distinguished from c and from d, but not a from b. For reflexes depressing respiration the same considerations are applicable but with the inverse sign (right part of Table I). ...
Very short-term plasticity in hippocampal synapses
... stimulation experiments in hippocampal slice to study pairedpulse modulation at putative single synapses. For each synapse, we recorded the responses when we applied pairs of stimuli at interpulse intervals ranging from 7 msec to 19 or 50 msec. Fig. 2 shows sample excitatory postsynaptic currents ob ...
... stimulation experiments in hippocampal slice to study pairedpulse modulation at putative single synapses. For each synapse, we recorded the responses when we applied pairs of stimuli at interpulse intervals ranging from 7 msec to 19 or 50 msec. Fig. 2 shows sample excitatory postsynaptic currents ob ...
Nucleus Accumbens Medium Spiny Neurons Target Non
... applied by bath perfusion. Stock solutions of showing responses to 1 ms pulses of light at three different intensities. D, MSNs can follow trains of light pulses up to 100 Hz. E, drugs are made and diluted (typically 1:1000) Average probability of firing an action potential (AP) for each stimulus in ...
... applied by bath perfusion. Stock solutions of showing responses to 1 ms pulses of light at three different intensities. D, MSNs can follow trains of light pulses up to 100 Hz. E, drugs are made and diluted (typically 1:1000) Average probability of firing an action potential (AP) for each stimulus in ...
Cortical interactions underlying the production of speech sounds
... An important feature of the DIVA model that differentiates it from other computational models of speech production is that all of the model’s components have been associated with specific anatomical locations in the brain. These locations, specified in the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coord ...
... An important feature of the DIVA model that differentiates it from other computational models of speech production is that all of the model’s components have been associated with specific anatomical locations in the brain. These locations, specified in the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coord ...
Spinal Cord Neural Modeling for Clinical Applications
... problem, as in principle such a model would allow us to precisely determine the full effects of any given electric field configuration upon spinal information processing. We have constructed such a model (Arle et al., 2013; Iftimia, 2009; Iftimia, 2011; Iftimia, 2013), which to our knowledge is the ...
... problem, as in principle such a model would allow us to precisely determine the full effects of any given electric field configuration upon spinal information processing. We have constructed such a model (Arle et al., 2013; Iftimia, 2009; Iftimia, 2011; Iftimia, 2013), which to our knowledge is the ...
Proper migration and axon outgrowth of zebrafish
... 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Biology Open (2015) 4, 146–154 doi:10.1242/bio.20148482 ...
... 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Biology Open (2015) 4, 146–154 doi:10.1242/bio.20148482 ...
empathize with fictional characters
... Furthermore, research on how language conveys meaning has suggested that linguistic meaning must be grounded in perceptual and motor experiences associated with bodily activity. The abstract symbols of language cannot relate only to other abstract symbols, but must be mapped to the world, if they ar ...
... Furthermore, research on how language conveys meaning has suggested that linguistic meaning must be grounded in perceptual and motor experiences associated with bodily activity. The abstract symbols of language cannot relate only to other abstract symbols, but must be mapped to the world, if they ar ...
Quantitative assessment of neurite outgrowth in human
... A number of recent publications advocate the use of in vitro cell culture models as tools for efficient identification and prioritization of chemicals that may be hazardous to humans (NRC, 2007; Coecke et al., 2007; Lein et al., 2005). Specifically, a report by the National Academy of Sciences entitled ...
... A number of recent publications advocate the use of in vitro cell culture models as tools for efficient identification and prioritization of chemicals that may be hazardous to humans (NRC, 2007; Coecke et al., 2007; Lein et al., 2005). Specifically, a report by the National Academy of Sciences entitled ...
Corticofugal Amplification of Subcortical Responses to Single Tone
... frequency was changed in 0.10-kHz steps. In the 21st (last) block, no stimulus was presented in order to count background discharges. The duration of each block was 200 ms, so that the duration of the F scan was 4,200 ms. The F scan was used to obtain a frequencyresponse curve (Fig. 3). To measure t ...
... frequency was changed in 0.10-kHz steps. In the 21st (last) block, no stimulus was presented in order to count background discharges. The duration of each block was 200 ms, so that the duration of the F scan was 4,200 ms. The F scan was used to obtain a frequencyresponse curve (Fig. 3). To measure t ...
Horizontal Synaptic Connections in Monkey Prefrontal Cortex: An In
... projections, an in vitro slice preparation of monkey PFC was used to obtain whole-cell patch clamp recordings from layer 3 pyramidal neurons. Using in vivo tracer injections, we found that long-distance projections were well preserved in PFC slices cut in the coronal plane. Postsynaptic currents wer ...
... projections, an in vitro slice preparation of monkey PFC was used to obtain whole-cell patch clamp recordings from layer 3 pyramidal neurons. Using in vivo tracer injections, we found that long-distance projections were well preserved in PFC slices cut in the coronal plane. Postsynaptic currents wer ...