ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: CONSEQUENCES OF OMNIVORY AND
... subsidized plots omnivorous predators switched from seeds to higher quality cutworm prey. Thus, predation of cutworms increased with cascading positive effects for seedlings. This research demonstrated that omnivorous carabids interacted more strongly with alternative food resources, particularly se ...
... subsidized plots omnivorous predators switched from seeds to higher quality cutworm prey. Thus, predation of cutworms increased with cascading positive effects for seedlings. This research demonstrated that omnivorous carabids interacted more strongly with alternative food resources, particularly se ...
Spatial dynamics of mutualistic interactions
... 1. I present a model of mutualistic interactions in a patchy landscape. The interaction is between two species that differ in their mobility. The landscape is spatially structured, with several localities interconnected by dispersal of the mobile mutualist. 2. Within a given locality, an Allee effec ...
... 1. I present a model of mutualistic interactions in a patchy landscape. The interaction is between two species that differ in their mobility. The landscape is spatially structured, with several localities interconnected by dispersal of the mobile mutualist. 2. Within a given locality, an Allee effec ...
TEMPORAL VARIATION IN FITNESS COMPONENTS AND
... high social rank is much less affected by environmental conditions than is that of small, primiparous, and young females of low social rank. Weather during gestation can affect preweaning survival. In temperate species, high snowfall and long duration of snow cover during the previous winter often r ...
... high social rank is much less affected by environmental conditions than is that of small, primiparous, and young females of low social rank. Weather during gestation can affect preweaning survival. In temperate species, high snowfall and long duration of snow cover during the previous winter often r ...
Key Terrestrial Adaptations Were Crucial to the
... 12. Explain how molecular clocks are used to determine the approximate time of key evolutionary events. Explain how molecular clocks are calibrated in actual time. 13. Describe some of the limitations of molecular clocks. 14. Explain the neutral theory of evolutionary change. 15. Explain how scienti ...
... 12. Explain how molecular clocks are used to determine the approximate time of key evolutionary events. Explain how molecular clocks are calibrated in actual time. 13. Describe some of the limitations of molecular clocks. 14. Explain the neutral theory of evolutionary change. 15. Explain how scienti ...
A trade-off between growth and starvation endurance in a pit
... 2007; Scharf et al. 2009). Therefore, it is expected that insects would be selected for increased body size, unless some opposing forces selecting for smaller size are also taken into consideration (e.g. Sibly and Calow 1986, p 92; Gotthard et al. 2007). Clearly, this is not the case in nature, sinc ...
... 2007; Scharf et al. 2009). Therefore, it is expected that insects would be selected for increased body size, unless some opposing forces selecting for smaller size are also taken into consideration (e.g. Sibly and Calow 1986, p 92; Gotthard et al. 2007). Clearly, this is not the case in nature, sinc ...
A World at Your Feet Teachers Guide
... 2. The region has a semi-arid climate and normally receives 30 - 40 cm of precipitation annually. 3. The terrain is flat or slightly rolling. 4. The landscape includes riparian valleys, eroded coulees, shallow lakes and sand dunes. The Grasslands region has a distinctive character. Grassland vegetat ...
... 2. The region has a semi-arid climate and normally receives 30 - 40 cm of precipitation annually. 3. The terrain is flat or slightly rolling. 4. The landscape includes riparian valleys, eroded coulees, shallow lakes and sand dunes. The Grasslands region has a distinctive character. Grassland vegetat ...
Modelling coexistence of plant functional types in grassland
... particular for species rich plant communities, e.g. grasslands ecosystems, the question, which factors and processes facilitate coexistence and maintain diversity, still remains unresolved (Silvertown, 2004; Hubbell, 2005). Coexistence of animal species is often explained by separation of their “tro ...
... particular for species rich plant communities, e.g. grasslands ecosystems, the question, which factors and processes facilitate coexistence and maintain diversity, still remains unresolved (Silvertown, 2004; Hubbell, 2005). Coexistence of animal species is often explained by separation of their “tro ...
High Reproductive Rates Result in High Predation Risks: A
... 3. If patch 1 is occupied by either prey species and patch 2 is empty, then prey i in patch 1 may colonize the empty patch 2. The empty patch becomes occupied by prey i with probability ri (≤1). If patches 1 and 2 are predator and prey patches, respectively, the predator may colonize the prey patch; ...
... 3. If patch 1 is occupied by either prey species and patch 2 is empty, then prey i in patch 1 may colonize the empty patch 2. The empty patch becomes occupied by prey i with probability ri (≤1). If patches 1 and 2 are predator and prey patches, respectively, the predator may colonize the prey patch; ...
Grasslands Teachers Guide - Alberta Prairie Conservation Forum
... 2. The region has a semi-arid climate and normally receives 30 - 40 cm of precipitation annually. 3. The terrain is flat or slightly rolling. 4. The landscape includes riparian valleys, eroded coulees, shallow lakes and sand dunes. The Grasslands region has a distinctive character. Grassland vegetat ...
... 2. The region has a semi-arid climate and normally receives 30 - 40 cm of precipitation annually. 3. The terrain is flat or slightly rolling. 4. The landscape includes riparian valleys, eroded coulees, shallow lakes and sand dunes. The Grasslands region has a distinctive character. Grassland vegetat ...
Balancing multiple mutualists: asymmetric interactions among plants
... differences in spatial and temporal priority offer clues to how the two symbionts may interact. First, the endophyte is confined to aboveground tissues whereas AMF colonize roots. Therefore, these mutualists likely only interact indirectly through the shared host plant. Furthermore, although both mu ...
... differences in spatial and temporal priority offer clues to how the two symbionts may interact. First, the endophyte is confined to aboveground tissues whereas AMF colonize roots. Therefore, these mutualists likely only interact indirectly through the shared host plant. Furthermore, although both mu ...
Pereskia stem-wilter Biological control agent against Pereskia
... Pereskia stem-wilter The Pereskia stem-wilter (Catorhintha schaffneri) is a biological control agent against Pereskia. It is an insect that naturally occurs in Brazil where it feeds exclusively on Pereskia. Host specificity testing has confirmed that the stem-wilter can only survive on Pereskia. Egg ...
... Pereskia stem-wilter The Pereskia stem-wilter (Catorhintha schaffneri) is a biological control agent against Pereskia. It is an insect that naturally occurs in Brazil where it feeds exclusively on Pereskia. Host specificity testing has confirmed that the stem-wilter can only survive on Pereskia. Egg ...
Rangelands and Pasturelands - Manitoba Forestry Association
... may be irrigated. They are not in rotation with crops”. In Manitoba, three factors require adjustments to these definitions: 1) widespread introduction of nonnative species, 2) greater overlap of wild herbivores or livestock with tree-dominated plant communities, and 3) the need for using certain cu ...
... may be irrigated. They are not in rotation with crops”. In Manitoba, three factors require adjustments to these definitions: 1) widespread introduction of nonnative species, 2) greater overlap of wild herbivores or livestock with tree-dominated plant communities, and 3) the need for using certain cu ...
The survival of moth larvae feeding on different plant species in
... (Amundsen and Lie 2014). Depending on the size of the larvae population the defoliation extent will vary. Only minor foliage damage is expected when the population is small, whereas during an extensive outbreak the larvae might cause complete and widespread defoliation, where it can take years befor ...
... (Amundsen and Lie 2014). Depending on the size of the larvae population the defoliation extent will vary. Only minor foliage damage is expected when the population is small, whereas during an extensive outbreak the larvae might cause complete and widespread defoliation, where it can take years befor ...
New primary resource increases predation on a pest in a banana
... levels of food webs. These bottom-up effects may involve important ecological processes that affect pest control. For example, population densities of natural enemies may increase when alternative preys are favoured by a new resource. 2 Ants, particularly Solenopsis geminata Forel (Myrmicinae), are ...
... levels of food webs. These bottom-up effects may involve important ecological processes that affect pest control. For example, population densities of natural enemies may increase when alternative preys are favoured by a new resource. 2 Ants, particularly Solenopsis geminata Forel (Myrmicinae), are ...
- Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies
... The insect order Lepidoptera is consider one of the most important order in relation to agricultural crops. This order includes moths and butterflies which are mostly destructive at larval stages. There are 126 families [1], 46 super families [2] with 180,000 species of insects [2] which account 10% ...
... The insect order Lepidoptera is consider one of the most important order in relation to agricultural crops. This order includes moths and butterflies which are mostly destructive at larval stages. There are 126 families [1], 46 super families [2] with 180,000 species of insects [2] which account 10% ...
Chemical Signals in Coral Reefs
... Many interactions within and between species involve chemical agents that mediate behavioral responses and/or mechanisms of attack and defense. Traditionally, these chemical agents have been classified depending on their role in mediating these interactions. Chemical signals that mediate communicati ...
... Many interactions within and between species involve chemical agents that mediate behavioral responses and/or mechanisms of attack and defense. Traditionally, these chemical agents have been classified depending on their role in mediating these interactions. Chemical signals that mediate communicati ...
Facilitation in the conceptual melting pot
... mediated indirect competition in plant communities is common. However, despite the potential scale of their impacts, the facilitative indirect effects of soil biota are only just beginning to move onto the radar of facilitation research, even though there is a rich literature on this topic. Specifica ...
... mediated indirect competition in plant communities is common. However, despite the potential scale of their impacts, the facilitative indirect effects of soil biota are only just beginning to move onto the radar of facilitation research, even though there is a rich literature on this topic. Specifica ...
Herbivore
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A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage, for the main component of its diet. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouthparts adapted to rasping or grinding. Horses and other herbivores have wide flat teeth that are adapted to grinding grass, tree bark, and other tough plant material.