Chapter 13 The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture Outline
... B. Arachnoid trabeculae: collagen and elastin fibers that bind to pia mater, the fibers pass through the subarachnoid space which contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF: for shock absorption and diffusion medium) 3. Pia mater: innermost, fine mesh of collagen and elastin fibers bound to neural tissue, at ...
... B. Arachnoid trabeculae: collagen and elastin fibers that bind to pia mater, the fibers pass through the subarachnoid space which contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF: for shock absorption and diffusion medium) 3. Pia mater: innermost, fine mesh of collagen and elastin fibers bound to neural tissue, at ...
The Nervous System
... potential (generally 5 - 15 mV less negative than the resting potential), the voltage-regulated sodium channels all open. Sodium ions rapidly diffuse inward, & depolarization occurs. ...
... potential (generally 5 - 15 mV less negative than the resting potential), the voltage-regulated sodium channels all open. Sodium ions rapidly diffuse inward, & depolarization occurs. ...
Neuroscience 5a – Touch and Proprioception
... » Proprioception provides a position sense to the body by measuring such things as joint position, muscle length and muscle tension » All receptors for touch and proprioception are mechanoreceptors Receptors The receptors for touch are found as peripheral nerve terminals of axons of dorsal root gang ...
... » Proprioception provides a position sense to the body by measuring such things as joint position, muscle length and muscle tension » All receptors for touch and proprioception are mechanoreceptors Receptors The receptors for touch are found as peripheral nerve terminals of axons of dorsal root gang ...
File
... In the CNS, the myelin sheath is formed by _____________________________________________. o One ________________________________________ forms the myelin sheath for ________________________________________. o The nucleus is located _____________ from the myelin sheath and outward ___________________ ...
... In the CNS, the myelin sheath is formed by _____________________________________________. o One ________________________________________ forms the myelin sheath for ________________________________________. o The nucleus is located _____________ from the myelin sheath and outward ___________________ ...
Central nervous system
... pseudo-unipolar cells. As the cell develops, a single process splits into two, both of which function as axons—one going to skin or muscle and another to the spinal cord. ...
... pseudo-unipolar cells. As the cell develops, a single process splits into two, both of which function as axons—one going to skin or muscle and another to the spinal cord. ...
The Nervous System - Ridgewood High School
... • The myelin sheath is made of fatty tissue, similar to plastic wire coating • This wrapping is never complete. Interspersed along the axon are gaps where there is no myelin – these are nodes of Ranvier. ...
... • The myelin sheath is made of fatty tissue, similar to plastic wire coating • This wrapping is never complete. Interspersed along the axon are gaps where there is no myelin – these are nodes of Ranvier. ...
Lorem Ipsum - University of Western Australia
... innervate overlapping but regular areas of the limb. ...
... innervate overlapping but regular areas of the limb. ...
activities unit 5 - Junta de Andalucía
... 1) It is responsible for your heartbeat, blood pressure, etc 2) Membranes which surround the brain and spinal cord. 3) Fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. 12. Complete the following sentences: a) Relay neurons connect sensory neurons with ------b) The two different areas of the central nerv ...
... 1) It is responsible for your heartbeat, blood pressure, etc 2) Membranes which surround the brain and spinal cord. 3) Fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. 12. Complete the following sentences: a) Relay neurons connect sensory neurons with ------b) The two different areas of the central nerv ...
Chapter 48 Nervous System
... Axons with larger diameter transmit more rapidly. Squids and other invertebrates have large, unmyelinated axons. ...
... Axons with larger diameter transmit more rapidly. Squids and other invertebrates have large, unmyelinated axons. ...
nervous system
... • Neurons have ability to generate changes in their membrane potential • Resting potential – membrane potential of cell at rest (-60mV to -80mV) • Gated ion channels control membrane potential – open to different stimuli – Hyperpolarization – increase in electrical gradient • Open K+ channel (K+ mov ...
... • Neurons have ability to generate changes in their membrane potential • Resting potential – membrane potential of cell at rest (-60mV to -80mV) • Gated ion channels control membrane potential – open to different stimuli – Hyperpolarization – increase in electrical gradient • Open K+ channel (K+ mov ...
Sens1-General
... convert one form of stimulus into sensory neuron action potentials. 2. Each modality has a discrete pathway to the brain. 3. The specific sensation and location of stimulus perceived is determined by area of brain activated. 4. ‘Intensity’ is coded by frequency of action potentials and number of rec ...
... convert one form of stimulus into sensory neuron action potentials. 2. Each modality has a discrete pathway to the brain. 3. The specific sensation and location of stimulus perceived is determined by area of brain activated. 4. ‘Intensity’ is coded by frequency of action potentials and number of rec ...
FIGURE LEGENDS FIGURE 5.1 Intracellular recording of the
... K+ ionic pump (also known as Na+, K+-ATPase). Concentrations (in millimoles except that for intracellular Ca2+) of the ions are given in parentheses; their equilibrium potentials (E) for a typical mammalian neuron are indicated. FIGURE 5.3 The equilibrium potential is influenced by the concentration ...
... K+ ionic pump (also known as Na+, K+-ATPase). Concentrations (in millimoles except that for intracellular Ca2+) of the ions are given in parentheses; their equilibrium potentials (E) for a typical mammalian neuron are indicated. FIGURE 5.3 The equilibrium potential is influenced by the concentration ...
Nerve activates contraction
... • (Na channels open) = Na moves in = Membrane potential becomes a little positive and crosses threshold potential = crosses –50mV ...
... • (Na channels open) = Na moves in = Membrane potential becomes a little positive and crosses threshold potential = crosses –50mV ...
Psych 11Nervous System Overview
... The sympathetic branch of the ANS prepares the body for "fight or flight". This involves several involuntary responses to a stressful situation such as increases in heart rate (effector is cardiac muscle) and respiratory rate, dilation of the pupils (effector is smooth muscle), shunting of blood a ...
... The sympathetic branch of the ANS prepares the body for "fight or flight". This involves several involuntary responses to a stressful situation such as increases in heart rate (effector is cardiac muscle) and respiratory rate, dilation of the pupils (effector is smooth muscle), shunting of blood a ...
Document
... receptor and neural processes following stimulation (e.g. seeing the flash of a light bulb after it goes off; sparklers on 4th of July. • Negative afterimages are caused by the opposite or the reverse of the original stimulus. This is best explained by the Opponent Process Theory of Color. • Opponen ...
... receptor and neural processes following stimulation (e.g. seeing the flash of a light bulb after it goes off; sparklers on 4th of July. • Negative afterimages are caused by the opposite or the reverse of the original stimulus. This is best explained by the Opponent Process Theory of Color. • Opponen ...
Nerve cells - Dr Magrann
... They innervate muscles and glands 1. Receive a signal. Can be any type of stimulus (change in environment, signal from another neuron, etc). 2. Transmit a signal to another location. E.g. finger touching something signal to spinal cord or brain. 3. Stimulate another cell a. Another neuron transm ...
... They innervate muscles and glands 1. Receive a signal. Can be any type of stimulus (change in environment, signal from another neuron, etc). 2. Transmit a signal to another location. E.g. finger touching something signal to spinal cord or brain. 3. Stimulate another cell a. Another neuron transm ...
Chapter 10: Nervous System I
... of neurons. II. Classification of Neurons and Neuroglia A. Classification of Neurons 1. The three major classifications of neurons based on structural differences are bipolar, multipolar, and unipolar. 2. Bipolar neurons have two processes; one process is a dendrite and the other an axon. 3. Bipolar ...
... of neurons. II. Classification of Neurons and Neuroglia A. Classification of Neurons 1. The three major classifications of neurons based on structural differences are bipolar, multipolar, and unipolar. 2. Bipolar neurons have two processes; one process is a dendrite and the other an axon. 3. Bipolar ...
VII. The Nervous System
... 3. Chemical Synapse- a chemical called a neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic cell and binds to receptors on a postsynaptic cells causing it to fire. a) An action potential arriving at the synaptic terminal at the end of an axon causes Ca+2 to rush through voltage sensitive channels b) ...
... 3. Chemical Synapse- a chemical called a neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic cell and binds to receptors on a postsynaptic cells causing it to fire. a) An action potential arriving at the synaptic terminal at the end of an axon causes Ca+2 to rush through voltage sensitive channels b) ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
... Axons terminate as they contact other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells. An axon transmits a nerve impulse at a specialized junction with another neuron called synapse. ...
... Axons terminate as they contact other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells. An axon transmits a nerve impulse at a specialized junction with another neuron called synapse. ...
Vision Lecture Notes
... Sensorineural deafness (nerve deafness): inability to hear resulting from damage to the cochlea, hair cells or auditory nerve ● Cochlear implant? Good or bad? ...
... Sensorineural deafness (nerve deafness): inability to hear resulting from damage to the cochlea, hair cells or auditory nerve ● Cochlear implant? Good or bad? ...
Chapter 39
... Voltage-activated channels (voltage-gated ion channels) are regulated by changes in voltage a) Studies of the action potential utilize a patch clamp technique b) Voltage-activated sodium channels have two gates, an activation gate and an inactivation gate c) Voltage-activated potassium channels have ...
... Voltage-activated channels (voltage-gated ion channels) are regulated by changes in voltage a) Studies of the action potential utilize a patch clamp technique b) Voltage-activated sodium channels have two gates, an activation gate and an inactivation gate c) Voltage-activated potassium channels have ...
Human Anatomy and Physiology, Nervous System and Special
... Deep pressure = ________________________________: layered for reduced sensitivity _______________: branched and attached along tendon to sense changes in length Physiology Nerve Impulses 10. How is the resting membrane potential established? __________________ __________________________________ 11. ...
... Deep pressure = ________________________________: layered for reduced sensitivity _______________: branched and attached along tendon to sense changes in length Physiology Nerve Impulses 10. How is the resting membrane potential established? __________________ __________________________________ 11. ...
Unit 3-2 Nervous System Pt 2 Notes File
... 2. Repolarizing phase - END of Action potential signaling Voltage-gated Na+ channels Close (inactivated / plugged) Voltage-gated K + channels open K + rushes out of cell (exits) Outgoing of K + causes repolarization (inside less pos = more neg) 3. Hyperpolarization - period for restablishing res ...
... 2. Repolarizing phase - END of Action potential signaling Voltage-gated Na+ channels Close (inactivated / plugged) Voltage-gated K + channels open K + rushes out of cell (exits) Outgoing of K + causes repolarization (inside less pos = more neg) 3. Hyperpolarization - period for restablishing res ...
External anatomy of the ear
... Sectional View of the Cochlear as it will appear on a microscope slide ...
... Sectional View of the Cochlear as it will appear on a microscope slide ...
cranial nerves
... Facial Nerve (CN VII) controls muscles of facial expression, and via the chorda tympani nerve, supplies parasympathetic fibers to submandibular glands and sublingual glands as well as taste sensation to anterior two-thirds of the tongue. ...
... Facial Nerve (CN VII) controls muscles of facial expression, and via the chorda tympani nerve, supplies parasympathetic fibers to submandibular glands and sublingual glands as well as taste sensation to anterior two-thirds of the tongue. ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.