Image-based Screening Identifies Novel Roles for I B Kinase and
... cultured such that their cell bodies are sequestered in a cluster from which their axons grow radially (10). This arrangement permits experimental transection of the axons and imaging of the distal and proximal segments. We used liquid handling robotics to scale this model such that it could be perf ...
... cultured such that their cell bodies are sequestered in a cluster from which their axons grow radially (10). This arrangement permits experimental transection of the axons and imaging of the distal and proximal segments. We used liquid handling robotics to scale this model such that it could be perf ...
- Wiley Online Library
... gland (Celler and Schramm 1981). There is also evidence for the differential innervation of epinephrine and norepinephrine-secreting cell types by histologically and electrophysiologically distinguishable nerve fibers (Edwards et al. 1996; Cao and Morrison 2001), raising the intriguing hypothesis th ...
... gland (Celler and Schramm 1981). There is also evidence for the differential innervation of epinephrine and norepinephrine-secreting cell types by histologically and electrophysiologically distinguishable nerve fibers (Edwards et al. 1996; Cao and Morrison 2001), raising the intriguing hypothesis th ...
Lab 10 – Nervous Tissue Nervous Tissue
... pia mater is a delicate layer consisting of flattened, impermeable cells and CT fibers; it rests upon a limiting layer of astrocyte foot processes known as the glial limitans (not seen in routine slide preparations) which acts as a barrier between the CNS neural tissue and surrounding non-neural tis ...
... pia mater is a delicate layer consisting of flattened, impermeable cells and CT fibers; it rests upon a limiting layer of astrocyte foot processes known as the glial limitans (not seen in routine slide preparations) which acts as a barrier between the CNS neural tissue and surrounding non-neural tis ...
The sacral autonomic outflow is sympathetic
... suggests a continuity of action across the gap between the thoracolumbar and sacral outflows. If there are bona fide differences in action of the thoracic and sacral outflow on common pelvic targets, they will have to be understood outside the framework of the sympathetic/parasympathetic duality, wh ...
... suggests a continuity of action across the gap between the thoracolumbar and sacral outflows. If there are bona fide differences in action of the thoracic and sacral outflow on common pelvic targets, they will have to be understood outside the framework of the sympathetic/parasympathetic duality, wh ...
Rules Ventral Prefrontal Cortical Axons Use to Reach Their Targets
... travel in different WM tracts, the specifics of which depend on the location of the injection site (Figs. 1, 2a, 3a). Axons from all vPFC areas travel in the UF, corpus callosum, cingulum bundle, superior longitudinal fasciculus, IC, EC, and EmC. In addition, fibers from specific vPFC regions also t ...
... travel in different WM tracts, the specifics of which depend on the location of the injection site (Figs. 1, 2a, 3a). Axons from all vPFC areas travel in the UF, corpus callosum, cingulum bundle, superior longitudinal fasciculus, IC, EC, and EmC. In addition, fibers from specific vPFC regions also t ...
31 Relating the Activity of Sensory Neurons to Perception
... hear, touch, smell, or taste a sensory stimulus. The neurons that respond to any stimulus vary tremendously in their functional and anatomical properties. The sensory information they encode may or may not be useful for the task at hand or sufficiently sensitive to explain the detail with which ...
... hear, touch, smell, or taste a sensory stimulus. The neurons that respond to any stimulus vary tremendously in their functional and anatomical properties. The sensory information they encode may or may not be useful for the task at hand or sufficiently sensitive to explain the detail with which ...
Unraveling the Genetics of Distal Hereditary Motor Neuronopathies
... disorders characterized by an exclusive involvement of the motor part of the peripheral nervous system. They are usually subdivided in proximal HMN, i.e., the classical spinal muscular atrophy syndromes and distal hereditary motor neuronopathies (distal HMN) that clinically resemble Charcot-Marie-To ...
... disorders characterized by an exclusive involvement of the motor part of the peripheral nervous system. They are usually subdivided in proximal HMN, i.e., the classical spinal muscular atrophy syndromes and distal hereditary motor neuronopathies (distal HMN) that clinically resemble Charcot-Marie-To ...
Glossary
... that interfaces with an external amplifier, designed to provide amplification for those with intractable middle ear disorders. Bone Conduction: The transmission of sound through the bones of the skull to the inner ear. Bone conduction is completed using a bone oscillator (vibrator) that is placed on ...
... that interfaces with an external amplifier, designed to provide amplification for those with intractable middle ear disorders. Bone Conduction: The transmission of sound through the bones of the skull to the inner ear. Bone conduction is completed using a bone oscillator (vibrator) that is placed on ...
Column-Based Model of Electric Field Excitation of Cerebral Cortex
... Image analysis was based on statistical parametric images (SPI). All SPI were voxel-wise computations of Z-score (SPI[z]), contrasting task state with control state (sham TMS). The primary objective of the analysis was to determine the locations of the left hemisphere M1-hand response induced by TMS ...
... Image analysis was based on statistical parametric images (SPI). All SPI were voxel-wise computations of Z-score (SPI[z]), contrasting task state with control state (sham TMS). The primary objective of the analysis was to determine the locations of the left hemisphere M1-hand response induced by TMS ...
Dysregulation of Arousal and Amygdala
... skin conductance responses made it feasible to extract concurrent brain and arousal responses to individual face stimuli. To examine fMRI BOLD responses in relation to skin conductance responses, we first formed two subsets of fear stimuli for each subject, referred to as “with-arousal” and “without ...
... skin conductance responses made it feasible to extract concurrent brain and arousal responses to individual face stimuli. To examine fMRI BOLD responses in relation to skin conductance responses, we first formed two subsets of fear stimuli for each subject, referred to as “with-arousal” and “without ...
neurophysics.ucsd.edu
... prominent symptoms of many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease for example, impaired coordination of breathing and swallowing contributes to dysphagia (e.g., difficulty in swallowing) and respiratory impairment [8,9], which form the leading cause of aspiration pneumon ...
... prominent symptoms of many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease for example, impaired coordination of breathing and swallowing contributes to dysphagia (e.g., difficulty in swallowing) and respiratory impairment [8,9], which form the leading cause of aspiration pneumon ...
32 MaxPlanckResearch 3 | 09 Small but mighty: In mice, around ten
... by the action,” says the researcher. “It all takes place at unimaginable speed.” In subsequent experiments, the rodents were presented with very similar smells and, as a result, the processing time increased to 340 milliseconds – not even half a second. As part of his ongoing research, Schäfer’s tea ...
... by the action,” says the researcher. “It all takes place at unimaginable speed.” In subsequent experiments, the rodents were presented with very similar smells and, as a result, the processing time increased to 340 milliseconds – not even half a second. As part of his ongoing research, Schäfer’s tea ...
THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM CHAPTER 5: 1.3.1 The
... These fibres, also called fast twitch or fast glycolytic fibres, contain a low content of myoglobin, relatively few mitochondria, relatively few blood capillaries and large amounts glycogen. Type IIb fibres are white and are geared to generate ATP by anaerobic metabolic processes. Because type IIb f ...
... These fibres, also called fast twitch or fast glycolytic fibres, contain a low content of myoglobin, relatively few mitochondria, relatively few blood capillaries and large amounts glycogen. Type IIb fibres are white and are geared to generate ATP by anaerobic metabolic processes. Because type IIb f ...
Central Topography of Cranial Motor Nuclei Controlled by
... alter its segregation from the facial nucleus. We misexpressed cadherin-20 by in ovo electroporation and followed its expression by a coelectroporated GFP reporter. Cadherin-20 overexpression had no effect on cranial motor neuron progenitor domains and motor neuron number, similar to that found afte ...
... alter its segregation from the facial nucleus. We misexpressed cadherin-20 by in ovo electroporation and followed its expression by a coelectroporated GFP reporter. Cadherin-20 overexpression had no effect on cranial motor neuron progenitor domains and motor neuron number, similar to that found afte ...
UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA Department of Electrical Engineering
... without invasive measurements. In turn, optimal design problems are very popular in classical engineering. In the biomedical field they are applied to the design of electromedical devices (from MRI machines (Cavaliere et al., 2000) to coronal stunts), transducers and prosth ...
... without invasive measurements. In turn, optimal design problems are very popular in classical engineering. In the biomedical field they are applied to the design of electromedical devices (from MRI machines (Cavaliere et al., 2000) to coronal stunts), transducers and prosth ...
The role of spiking nonlinearity in contrast gain control
... Victor, 1978, 1979, 1980), which provides the visual systems great flexibility to function well under varying external conditions. In the last few decades, many different aspects of contrast adaptation in visual neurons have been discovered and observed in experiments. In the retina, it was found tha ...
... Victor, 1978, 1979, 1980), which provides the visual systems great flexibility to function well under varying external conditions. In the last few decades, many different aspects of contrast adaptation in visual neurons have been discovered and observed in experiments. In the retina, it was found tha ...
Wnt/Planar Cell Polarity Signaling Controls the Anterior–Posterior
... 5-HT open-book explants. Hindbrains were dissected from E12.5 time pregnant CD-1 mice in L15 media and placed ventricular zone down onto a bed of collagen. Blue Sepharose beads previously coated overnight at 4°C in 100 ng/l purified Wnt proteins were placed along the midline of the explants, and th ...
... 5-HT open-book explants. Hindbrains were dissected from E12.5 time pregnant CD-1 mice in L15 media and placed ventricular zone down onto a bed of collagen. Blue Sepharose beads previously coated overnight at 4°C in 100 ng/l purified Wnt proteins were placed along the midline of the explants, and th ...
The neuroepithelial basement membrane serves as a boundary and
... the fast, posterior phase of migration, suggesting that they may have contacted the basement membrane before we began recording. In many migratory cell types, such as wound-edge astrocytes and fibroblasts [12,21] or migrating cortical neurons [22], the centrosome localizes between the nucleus and th ...
... the fast, posterior phase of migration, suggesting that they may have contacted the basement membrane before we began recording. In many migratory cell types, such as wound-edge astrocytes and fibroblasts [12,21] or migrating cortical neurons [22], the centrosome localizes between the nucleus and th ...
Chapter 9 Nervous System
... 2.Other neurotransmitters may decrease membrane permeability to sodium ions, reducing the chance that it will reach threshold, and are thus inhibitory. ...
... 2.Other neurotransmitters may decrease membrane permeability to sodium ions, reducing the chance that it will reach threshold, and are thus inhibitory. ...
The role of sodium channels in neuropathic pain
... rates of firing characteristics of injured sensory nerves [49]. It should be mentioned that most, if not all, studies of Nav1.3 channel activity in DRG are from small diameter (C fibre) neurons, whereas most neuropathic ectopic firing is observed in large diameter A and A␦ fibres [27,53]. However, ...
... rates of firing characteristics of injured sensory nerves [49]. It should be mentioned that most, if not all, studies of Nav1.3 channel activity in DRG are from small diameter (C fibre) neurons, whereas most neuropathic ectopic firing is observed in large diameter A and A␦ fibres [27,53]. However, ...
Seeing The Unseen
... Since then, thousands of papers have appeared in the medical literature focusing on this early stage of cognitive disorders. Mayo Clinic investigators authored a review paper in the December 2009 issue of Archives of Neurology summarizing both the progress that has been made in the field of mild cog ...
... Since then, thousands of papers have appeared in the medical literature focusing on this early stage of cognitive disorders. Mayo Clinic investigators authored a review paper in the December 2009 issue of Archives of Neurology summarizing both the progress that has been made in the field of mild cog ...
Event-Driven Simulation Scheme for Spiking Neural Networks Using
... is marked with the time instant when the source neuron fires the spike. The second one (the propagated event) is marked with the time instant when the spike reaches the target neuron. Most neurons have large synaptic divergences. In these cases, for each firing event, the simulation scheme produces ...
... is marked with the time instant when the source neuron fires the spike. The second one (the propagated event) is marked with the time instant when the spike reaches the target neuron. Most neurons have large synaptic divergences. In these cases, for each firing event, the simulation scheme produces ...
Chapter 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses
... Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-biological-psychology-11th-edition-kalat 26. A prolonged increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions would interfere with a neuron's ability to have an action potential. ANS: T the Neuron ...
... Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-biological-psychology-11th-edition-kalat 26. A prolonged increase in the permeability of the membrane to sodium ions would interfere with a neuron's ability to have an action potential. ANS: T the Neuron ...
audition - Neuroanatomy
... Sound pressure at the threshold of hearing, which means sounds that are just barely detectable by a normal listener under optimal conditions, is designated as 0 dB sound pressure level, or 0 dB SPL. The accompanying chart shows on a dB scale the approximate sound pressure levels of events in our eve ...
... Sound pressure at the threshold of hearing, which means sounds that are just barely detectable by a normal listener under optimal conditions, is designated as 0 dB sound pressure level, or 0 dB SPL. The accompanying chart shows on a dB scale the approximate sound pressure levels of events in our eve ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.