![Response Differences in Monkey TE and Perirhinal Cortex: Stimulus](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016296903_1-d60547e625008a381860a4963dd8cbd0-300x300.png)
Response Differences in Monkey TE and Perirhinal Cortex: Stimulus
... Liu, Zheng and Barry J. Richmond. Response differences in monkey TE and perirhinal cortex: stimulus association related to reward schedules. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1677–1692, 2000. Anatomic and behavioral evidence shows that TE and perirhinal cortices are two directly connected but distinct inferior t ...
... Liu, Zheng and Barry J. Richmond. Response differences in monkey TE and perirhinal cortex: stimulus association related to reward schedules. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1677–1692, 2000. Anatomic and behavioral evidence shows that TE and perirhinal cortices are two directly connected but distinct inferior t ...
Optimal Recall from Bounded Metaplastic Synapses: Predicting
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
Projections from the brain to the spinal cord in the mouse Huazheng
... pathways has been studied in a wide variety of mammals. The best known centers that give origin to these pathways are the cerebral cortex (Miller 1987; Nudo and Masterton 1988; 1990; Galea and Darian-Smith 1994), the red nucleus (Pompeiano and Brodal 1957; Nyberg-Hansen and Brodal 1964; Carlton et a ...
... pathways has been studied in a wide variety of mammals. The best known centers that give origin to these pathways are the cerebral cortex (Miller 1987; Nudo and Masterton 1988; 1990; Galea and Darian-Smith 1994), the red nucleus (Pompeiano and Brodal 1957; Nyberg-Hansen and Brodal 1964; Carlton et a ...
14. Development and Plasticity
... Genetic coding would be of minimal importance in the brain development ...
... Genetic coding would be of minimal importance in the brain development ...
14. Development and Plasticity
... Genetic coding would be of minimal importance in the brain development ...
... Genetic coding would be of minimal importance in the brain development ...
Layer II/III of the Prefrontal Cortex: Inhibition by the Serotonin
... Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L4, Canada, and 3Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India ...
... Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L4, Canada, and 3Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India ...
Effect of sodium fluoride on the grey matter of spinal cord in the
... of protected rats. (a) Ventral horn showing many more or less normal motor neurons (thick arrows). Some have long processes (arrowheads). However, some shrunken cells with loss of nuclear details (curved arrows) could be observed. A fewer number of astrocytes (dashed arrows), a small thin walled blo ...
... of protected rats. (a) Ventral horn showing many more or less normal motor neurons (thick arrows). Some have long processes (arrowheads). However, some shrunken cells with loss of nuclear details (curved arrows) could be observed. A fewer number of astrocytes (dashed arrows), a small thin walled blo ...
NIH Public Access - Medicinal Genomics
... 2008; Marini et al., 2009). Although some of these patients display additional dysmorphic features (Davidsson et al., 2008), their clinical presentation is often surprisingly indistinguishable from DS patients in whom only SCN1A is affected. This suggests that haploinsufficiency for the adjacent gen ...
... 2008; Marini et al., 2009). Although some of these patients display additional dysmorphic features (Davidsson et al., 2008), their clinical presentation is often surprisingly indistinguishable from DS patients in whom only SCN1A is affected. This suggests that haploinsufficiency for the adjacent gen ...
Neuronal representation of visual motion and orientation in the fly
... The retina contains within each ommatidium six outer photoreceptors, R1–R6, and two central ones, R7 and R8. Whereas R1–R6 terminate in the lamina, R7/R8 bypass the lamina and terminate in the medulla (Meinertzhagen and O’Neil, 1991). These two neuropils contain arrays of retinotopically arranged mo ...
... The retina contains within each ommatidium six outer photoreceptors, R1–R6, and two central ones, R7 and R8. Whereas R1–R6 terminate in the lamina, R7/R8 bypass the lamina and terminate in the medulla (Meinertzhagen and O’Neil, 1991). These two neuropils contain arrays of retinotopically arranged mo ...
the phase-space dynamics of systems of spiking neurons
... two aspects of the same entity, the mind being one of the body’s functions. His views were further developed by Galen (131-201 AD) who founded the science of nervous system physiology. Galen recognized that nerves originate in the brain and the spinal cord, and not in the heart as Aristotle had main ...
... two aspects of the same entity, the mind being one of the body’s functions. His views were further developed by Galen (131-201 AD) who founded the science of nervous system physiology. Galen recognized that nerves originate in the brain and the spinal cord, and not in the heart as Aristotle had main ...
Layer III Neurons Control Synchronized Waves in the Immature
... image indicates the LEC as an origin of synchronized waves. Yellow asterisks indicate the initiation sites (the mass centers of the earliest activated areas) of the second wave in the left plot. A, anterior; Ctx, cortex; HF, hippocampal formation; L, left, P, posterior. R, right. B, The initiation s ...
... image indicates the LEC as an origin of synchronized waves. Yellow asterisks indicate the initiation sites (the mass centers of the earliest activated areas) of the second wave in the left plot. A, anterior; Ctx, cortex; HF, hippocampal formation; L, left, P, posterior. R, right. B, The initiation s ...
The Control of Voluntary Eye Movements: New Perspectives
... discharge steadily but stop firing during some or all saccades (omnipause neurons [OPNs]). Several models (e.g., Scudder 1988) have suggested how these neurons might participate in saccade generation. A trigger signal, probably from the SC, causes OPNs to pause their firing momentarily, which then d ...
... discharge steadily but stop firing during some or all saccades (omnipause neurons [OPNs]). Several models (e.g., Scudder 1988) have suggested how these neurons might participate in saccade generation. A trigger signal, probably from the SC, causes OPNs to pause their firing momentarily, which then d ...
Different neurotrophins are expressed and act in a developmental
... response to BDNF and NT-3 prior to naturally occurring cell death The survival effects of neurotrophins on cultured embryonic trigeminal neurons are clearly observed after 48 hours incubation when virtually all neurons have died in control cultures. Furthermore, since the serum-free medium used in t ...
... response to BDNF and NT-3 prior to naturally occurring cell death The survival effects of neurotrophins on cultured embryonic trigeminal neurons are clearly observed after 48 hours incubation when virtually all neurons have died in control cultures. Furthermore, since the serum-free medium used in t ...
Sleep/Neurology-The Orexin System
... The global AD group had orexin levels that were positively correlated with total tau proteins and strictly related to sleep impairment Cognitive impairment (as measured by MMSE) was correlated with sleep structure deterioration (reduction in SWS and increased amounts of WASO) ...
... The global AD group had orexin levels that were positively correlated with total tau proteins and strictly related to sleep impairment Cognitive impairment (as measured by MMSE) was correlated with sleep structure deterioration (reduction in SWS and increased amounts of WASO) ...
(2012) Prediction of economic choice by primate amygdala neurons
... These observations suggested that monkeys anticipated save and spend choices in the imperative task. Neuronal Activity. We recorded the activity of 329 task-related amygdala neurons and used multiple regression analysis to test for coding of the monkeys’ upcoming save–spend choices before the behavi ...
... These observations suggested that monkeys anticipated save and spend choices in the imperative task. Neuronal Activity. We recorded the activity of 329 task-related amygdala neurons and used multiple regression analysis to test for coding of the monkeys’ upcoming save–spend choices before the behavi ...
SAD Kinases Sculpt Axonal Arbors of Sensory Neurons through
... Thus, in brainstem as in spinal cord, IaPSNs axons grow to the vicinity of their target, but fail to form terminal branches. Second, we used DiI to label central projections of trigeminal sensory neurons that innervate whiskers. These axons grow to the brainstem where they arborize in nuclei of the ...
... Thus, in brainstem as in spinal cord, IaPSNs axons grow to the vicinity of their target, but fail to form terminal branches. Second, we used DiI to label central projections of trigeminal sensory neurons that innervate whiskers. These axons grow to the brainstem where they arborize in nuclei of the ...
Nicotine excites hypothalamic arcuate anorexigenic
... obesity, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. Here we address the hypothesis that if weight-reducing actions of nicotine are mediated by anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, nicotine should excite these cells. Nicotine at concentrations similar t ...
... obesity, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. Here we address the hypothesis that if weight-reducing actions of nicotine are mediated by anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, nicotine should excite these cells. Nicotine at concentrations similar t ...
Hikosaka O - lsr
... humans and most animals are unable to initiate voluntary movements, as seen in patients with, and in animal models of, Parkinson’s disease38. Several lines of evidence indicate that LHb neurons inhibit dopamine neurons: electrical stimulation of the LHb inhibits activity of dopamine neurons in the S ...
... humans and most animals are unable to initiate voluntary movements, as seen in patients with, and in animal models of, Parkinson’s disease38. Several lines of evidence indicate that LHb neurons inhibit dopamine neurons: electrical stimulation of the LHb inhibits activity of dopamine neurons in the S ...
The Prefrontal Cortex and Flexible Behavior
... Fig. 3. Cortical structure as the basis of laminar patterns of cortical connections and their relationship to two neurochemical classes of inhibitory neurons in the cortex. The structural model for connections is depicted for the prefrontal cortex but applies to other cortical regions as well. (A–C ...
... Fig. 3. Cortical structure as the basis of laminar patterns of cortical connections and their relationship to two neurochemical classes of inhibitory neurons in the cortex. The structural model for connections is depicted for the prefrontal cortex but applies to other cortical regions as well. (A–C ...
5. Third year activities - LIRA-Lab
... hand, MIRROR did not fully achieve the integration of the many experiments on a single working demonstrator. We would like to mention though that the members of the consortium are now part of a larger FP6’s integrated project (RobotCub, FP6-004370) which can be seen in many respects as the continuat ...
... hand, MIRROR did not fully achieve the integration of the many experiments on a single working demonstrator. We would like to mention though that the members of the consortium are now part of a larger FP6’s integrated project (RobotCub, FP6-004370) which can be seen in many respects as the continuat ...
Ensemble Patterns of Hippocampal CA3
... the histograms for two CA1 recording sites were calculated (e.g., histogram 1a-3b was subtracted from histogram 1b-3b in Figure 4B). The histograms were considered to be significantly different if the difference between the peak values was larger than three SD of baseline (p ⬍ 0.002). Of the 543 CA3 ...
... the histograms for two CA1 recording sites were calculated (e.g., histogram 1a-3b was subtracted from histogram 1b-3b in Figure 4B). The histograms were considered to be significantly different if the difference between the peak values was larger than three SD of baseline (p ⬍ 0.002). Of the 543 CA3 ...
Pre-Bötzinger complex
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/A2A_receptor_bilayer.png?width=300)
The pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) is a cluster of interneurons in the ventrolateral medulla of the brainstem. This complex has been proven to be essential for the generation of respiratory rhythm in mammals. The exact mechanism of the rhythm generation and transmission to motor nuclei remains controversial and the topic of much present research.Several synthetic compounds have been shown to act on neurons specific to the preBötC, most being selective agonists or antagonists to receptor subtypes on neurons in the vicinity. Since many of these neurons express GABA, glutamate, serotonin and adenosine receptors, chemicals custom tailored to bind at these sites are most effective at altering respiratory rhythm.Adenosine modulates the preBötC output via activation of the A1 and A2A receptor subtypes. An adenosine A1 receptor agonist has been shown to depress preBötC rhythmogenesis independent of the neurotransmitters GABA and glycine in ""in vitro"" preparations from 0-7 day old mice. Another synthetic drug specific to the adenosine A2A receptor subtype is CGS-21680 that has been shown to cause apneas in 14-21 day old rat pups in vivo. For this reason, it has been used as a model to study pathological conditions such as apnea of prematurity and SIDS in neonatal infants.