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Neurons - Scott Melcher
Neurons - Scott Melcher

... Biological psychology is the scientific study of the links between biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes. The biological psychologists may also be called, behavioral neuroscientists, neuropsychologists, behavior geneticists, physiological psychologists, or biopsychologis ...
Ch 11 Part 2 - Groch Biology
Ch 11 Part 2 - Groch Biology

... 5. Also called the nerve impulse. _____ 6. Period when a neuron cannot be restimulated because it's sodium gates are open. _____ 7. Mechanism by which ATP is used to move sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell; completely restores and maintains the resting conditions of the neu ...
Worksheet for Nervous Systems
Worksheet for Nervous Systems

... 13. Interneurons are constantly _____. What does this active provide the context for? 14. Ganglia and nuclei are collections of ______ ______. How do they differ from one another? 15. Supporting cells, called ______ __________ are ____ 16. Which glial cells provide structural and metabolic support f ...
Essentials of Anatony and Physiology, 5e (Martini
Essentials of Anatony and Physiology, 5e (Martini

... The division of the peripheral nervous system that sends motor commands to smooth and cardiac muscle, adipose tissue, and glands is the… What are the functions of the dendrites, axon, and synaptic terminals of a neuron? Small phagocytic cells that migrate through neural tissue and engulf cellular de ...
3.E.2 Nervous System - kromko
3.E.2 Nervous System - kromko

... brain cells from the blood and protects the brain from many common bacterial infections. ...
biopsychology-2-synaptic-transmission
biopsychology-2-synaptic-transmission

... • Can be divided into those that perform an excitatory function and those that perform an inhibitory function. • Can you think of any examples from the biological approach? ...
C! **D!**E!**F! - Amherst College
C! **D!**E!**F! - Amherst College

... • Before it was understood that nerves signal using electricity, what mode of signalling was attributed to nerves? • What is the earliest experiment (as distinct from observation) cited in Chapter 1? • What are the arguments that experiments on animals such as rats can be relevant to understanding h ...
electrochemical impulse - Glebe
electrochemical impulse - Glebe

... o E.g. warm water = low frequency, hot water = high frequency 2. Different neurons have different thresholds o E.g. water at 40°C will cause one neuron to reach threshold level, but water at 60°C may cause two or more o Brain distinguishes between neural impulses Synaptic Transmission  Neurons can ...
7. Describe what membrane potential is, and how
7. Describe what membrane potential is, and how

... channels, and the refractory period. • Action potential  the all-or-none change in the membrane potential (voltage) • Resting potential  the membrane potential of an excitable cell in an unexcited state • Gated ion channels  special ion channels that allow the cell to change its membrane potentia ...
6.5 Neurons and Synapses - Mr Cartlidge`s Saigon Science Blog
6.5 Neurons and Synapses - Mr Cartlidge`s Saigon Science Blog

... Neurons pump sodium and potassium ions across their membranes to generate a resting potential. An action potential consists of depolarization and repolarization of the neuron. Nerve impulses are action potentials propagated along the axons of neurons. Propagation of nerve impulses is the result of l ...
Powerpoint
Powerpoint

... membrane that covers parts of brain and forms inner lining that encloses spaces within brain and spinal cord (CNS) ...
nervous system
nervous system

... potential to be propagated along the length of the axon. ...
Nervous Tissue
Nervous Tissue

... – Multipolar: 3+ processes; 99% of all neurons, major in CNS – Bipolar: 2 processes; rare, located in sense organs ...
a positive electrical signal
a positive electrical signal

... axon terminals of the pre-synaptic cell through exocytosis that bind receptors on the dendrites of the post-synaptic cell ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... As Na+ goes into cell, neuron goes from being polarized to depolarized When inside becomes positive, polarization is removed and the threshold is reached K+ ions move outside, Na+ ions stay inside membrane Refractory period returns everything ...
Chapter 2
Chapter 2

... Method: Brain Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) – Subtraction technique – Measures blood flow through magnetic properties of blood – Advantage: no radioactive tracer needed ...
ACTION POTENTIALS
ACTION POTENTIALS

... become very positively charged (up to +40 millevolts). This is depolarization. Potassium leaves the neruon at this point, due to the repelling polarity of positive sodium ions. After this the channels close, and the sodium pumps remove sodium ions from the membrane this repolarizes the membrane to a ...
Frontiers in , Ph.D. Pharmacology Proudly Presents
Frontiers in , Ph.D. Pharmacology Proudly Presents

... The electrical properties of neurons depend not only on the types of ion channels and receptors expressed, but also on the location of these channels in the cell membrane. Two extreme examples that illustrate the subcellular polarized nature of neurons and the tight regulation of ion channel localiz ...
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

...  The membrane potential of a nerve cell at rest is called its resting potential. It exists because of differences in the ionic composition of the extracellular and intracellular fluids across the plasma membrane.  The concentration of Na+ is higher outside the cell, whereas the concentration of K+ ...
BioPsych ways of investigating brain
BioPsych ways of investigating brain

... The EEG provides an overall view of brain electrical activity Developed by Hans Berger A large number of small electrodes are distributed over the surface of the skull using a skull cap. They measure the electrical activity in the neurons beneath the electrode, so the more electrodes, the fuller the ...
Electrodes for stimulation
Electrodes for stimulation

... attached near an electrically sensitive point on the heart. A very similar device can be used for cardiac pacing. A pacemaker typically works continuously, controlling most if not all of the heart’s beats, where as a defibrillator typically works only occasionally when needed ...
title of video - Discovery Education
title of video - Discovery Education

... 2. Why are the basal ganglia, limbic system and brain stem referred to as the "old brain"? The basal ganglia, limbic system and brain stem are called the "old brain" because they control the subconscious activities and are thought to have developed in humans before the more conscious brain structure ...
Nerve Impulses ppt
Nerve Impulses ppt

... ▪ Travels length of axon ...
Nervous System - Westminster College
Nervous System - Westminster College

... distribute ions differentially between the inside and outside of the cell. • Ion pumps: For every two positively charged potassium ions pumped into cell, three positively charged sodium ions are pumped out • This creates an voltage difference of 70 mV across cell membrane (more positive charges are ...
Action Potentials
Action Potentials

... base of the axon hillock where they are summed • Two EPSPs in rapid succession at one synapse are additive • Same for IPSPs ...
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Single-unit recording

In neuroscience, single-unit recordings provide a method of measuring the electro-physiological responses of single neurons using a microelectrode system. When a neuron generates an action potential, the signal propagates down the neuron as a current which flows in and out of the cell through excitable membrane regions in the soma and axon. A microelectrode is inserted into the brain, where it can record the rate of change in voltage with respect to time. These microelectrodes must be fine-tipped, high-impedance conductors; they are primarily glass micro-pipettes or metal microelectrodes made of platinum or tungsten. Microelectrodes can be carefully placed within (or close to) the cell membrane, allowing the ability to record intracellularly or extracellularly.Single-unit recordings are widely used in cognitive science, where it permits the analysis of human cognition and cortical mapping. This information can then be applied to brain machine interface (BMI) technologies for brain control of external devices.
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