Teacher Materials - Scope, Sequence, and Coordination
... Responses to external stimuli can result from interactions with the organisms's own species and others, as well as environmental changes; these responses can be either innate or learned. The broad patterns of behavior exhibited by animals have evolved to ensure reproductive success. Animals often li ...
... Responses to external stimuli can result from interactions with the organisms's own species and others, as well as environmental changes; these responses can be either innate or learned. The broad patterns of behavior exhibited by animals have evolved to ensure reproductive success. Animals often li ...
Spontaneous and Stimulus-Evoked Intrinsic Optical Signals in
... 1986; Ts’o et al. 1990) offers both vastly increased spatial sampling density and the potential to sample cortical responses to a larger stimulus repertoire in a single experiment than is possible with microelectrode mapping, making it a promising alternative approach for studying the physiological ...
... 1986; Ts’o et al. 1990) offers both vastly increased spatial sampling density and the potential to sample cortical responses to a larger stimulus repertoire in a single experiment than is possible with microelectrode mapping, making it a promising alternative approach for studying the physiological ...
Spontaneous and Stimulus-Evoked Intrinsic Optical Signals in
... 1986; Ts’o et al. 1990) offers both vastly increased spatial sampling density and the potential to sample cortical responses to a larger stimulus repertoire in a single experiment than is possible with microelectrode mapping, making it a promising alternative approach for studying the physiological ...
... 1986; Ts’o et al. 1990) offers both vastly increased spatial sampling density and the potential to sample cortical responses to a larger stimulus repertoire in a single experiment than is possible with microelectrode mapping, making it a promising alternative approach for studying the physiological ...
1 How the Nervous System Works
... synapse between the axon tip of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron. Notice that a small gap separates these two structures. For a nerve impulse to be carried along at a synapse, it must cross the gap between the axon and the next structure. The axon tips release chemicals that carry the i ...
... synapse between the axon tip of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron. Notice that a small gap separates these two structures. For a nerve impulse to be carried along at a synapse, it must cross the gap between the axon and the next structure. The axon tips release chemicals that carry the i ...
Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in Auditory Cortex Is an NMDA
... • MMN is a human scalp recorded event related potential (ERP) component elicited by a sound which deviates from a repeating pattern of recent sounds, and thought to be generated by a temporo-prefrontal network including auditory cortex. • This claim implies that auditory cortex units themselves play ...
... • MMN is a human scalp recorded event related potential (ERP) component elicited by a sound which deviates from a repeating pattern of recent sounds, and thought to be generated by a temporo-prefrontal network including auditory cortex. • This claim implies that auditory cortex units themselves play ...
Cortical modulation of pain
... most reliable pain-related activity are bilateral and located in a broad region extending from the anterior insula to the second somatosensory cortex (SII) and associative parietal cortex, including the depth of the Sylvian fissure and the parietal and frontal operculi. Other cortical areas consiste ...
... most reliable pain-related activity are bilateral and located in a broad region extending from the anterior insula to the second somatosensory cortex (SII) and associative parietal cortex, including the depth of the Sylvian fissure and the parietal and frontal operculi. Other cortical areas consiste ...
THE SPINAL CORD
... of the leg at the knee. At the same time as the quadriceps contracts there is a reciprocal inhibition of the antagonistic muscles, the flexors of the knee. The inhibition of the flexors is mediated by polysynaptic reflex arcs, and since the motor neurons for the flexors are located in more caudal s ...
... of the leg at the knee. At the same time as the quadriceps contracts there is a reciprocal inhibition of the antagonistic muscles, the flexors of the knee. The inhibition of the flexors is mediated by polysynaptic reflex arcs, and since the motor neurons for the flexors are located in more caudal s ...
CNS Slide Show
... composed of at least 23 nuclei – we will consider five major functional groups the “gateway to the cerebral cortex” – nearly all input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in the thalamic nuclei, filters information on its way to cerebral cortex – plays key role in motor control by relaying sig ...
... composed of at least 23 nuclei – we will consider five major functional groups the “gateway to the cerebral cortex” – nearly all input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in the thalamic nuclei, filters information on its way to cerebral cortex – plays key role in motor control by relaying sig ...
The Effect of Slow Electrical Stimuli to Achieve Learning in Cultured
... activity in a large number of neurons. To facilitate access to such a large number of neurons, several groups now use preparations of cultured neurons grown over a multi electrode array (MEA, see Figure 1). This enables simultaneous measurement from multiple electrodes, as well as network manipulati ...
... activity in a large number of neurons. To facilitate access to such a large number of neurons, several groups now use preparations of cultured neurons grown over a multi electrode array (MEA, see Figure 1). This enables simultaneous measurement from multiple electrodes, as well as network manipulati ...
CATEGORIES IN THE PIGEON BRAIN - Ruhr-Universität
... which disappeared when pecked once. After a 0.2 s delay, one sample stimulus was presented for a fixed interval of 2 s. The pigeon had to peck at the stimulus at least once. After another 0.2 s delay, the initialization key was again presented for 2 s and disappeared when pecked once. Only if the pi ...
... which disappeared when pecked once. After a 0.2 s delay, one sample stimulus was presented for a fixed interval of 2 s. The pigeon had to peck at the stimulus at least once. After another 0.2 s delay, the initialization key was again presented for 2 s and disappeared when pecked once. Only if the pi ...
Layer IV of the primary somatosensory cortex has the highest
... Spontaneous complex brain activities in the primary somatosensory cortex as revealed by multichannel EEG recordings were observed. An example of an 8-s epoch of simultaneous EEG time series recordings in 16 channels is shown in Fig. 1. Similar EEG oscillatory waves but of varied frequency, amplitude ...
... Spontaneous complex brain activities in the primary somatosensory cortex as revealed by multichannel EEG recordings were observed. An example of an 8-s epoch of simultaneous EEG time series recordings in 16 channels is shown in Fig. 1. Similar EEG oscillatory waves but of varied frequency, amplitude ...
Spinal Cord - HCC Learning Web
... Formed by the combination of posterior and anterior roots Arrangement of fibers is similar to muscle fibers in a muscle • Endoneurium – connective tissue that wraps around each nerve fiber • Perineurium – connective tissue that surrounds group of nerve fibers forming a fascicle • Epineurium – connec ...
... Formed by the combination of posterior and anterior roots Arrangement of fibers is similar to muscle fibers in a muscle • Endoneurium – connective tissue that wraps around each nerve fiber • Perineurium – connective tissue that surrounds group of nerve fibers forming a fascicle • Epineurium – connec ...
Introductory Psychology Concepts
... • Controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands; • Basically involuntary ...
... • Controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands; • Basically involuntary ...
Patterned, But Not Tonic, Optogenetic Stimulation in Motor
... physiological reaching pattern (pReP) from a control rat performing the reaching task and a physiological exploring pattern (pExP) from another rat in an open field (not reaching; see example segments Fig. 1C). The spike train segments were 10 and 5 min in duration for pReP and pExP, respectively, a ...
... physiological reaching pattern (pReP) from a control rat performing the reaching task and a physiological exploring pattern (pExP) from another rat in an open field (not reaching; see example segments Fig. 1C). The spike train segments were 10 and 5 min in duration for pReP and pExP, respectively, a ...
Learning Strengthens the Response of Primary Visual Cortex to
... the stimulus. Two studies nevertheless showed neural changes that can potentially account for the observed perceptual learning. In one, animals were trained to discriminate between two orientations, a task that may rely upon neurons that respond moderately to one of the orientations and less to the ...
... the stimulus. Two studies nevertheless showed neural changes that can potentially account for the observed perceptual learning. In one, animals were trained to discriminate between two orientations, a task that may rely upon neurons that respond moderately to one of the orientations and less to the ...
Sensory function
... nerve that innervates the heart, lungs and the digestive tract( oseophagus ). There is one vagal nerve on either side of your body. • The only cranial nerve that extends beyond the head and neck. • The vegus nerve is mixed nerve . • its sensory function is taste . • Motor function-The vagus nerve is ...
... nerve that innervates the heart, lungs and the digestive tract( oseophagus ). There is one vagal nerve on either side of your body. • The only cranial nerve that extends beyond the head and neck. • The vegus nerve is mixed nerve . • its sensory function is taste . • Motor function-The vagus nerve is ...
central mechanisms underlying short-term and long
... cardiovascular response. For example, the classic "defence" or "alerting" response is characterised by an increase in arterial pressure, heart rate and skeletal muscle blood flow, accompanied by vasoconstriction in the splanchnic, renal and cutaneous vascular beds (Hilton, 1975). Such a response has ...
... cardiovascular response. For example, the classic "defence" or "alerting" response is characterised by an increase in arterial pressure, heart rate and skeletal muscle blood flow, accompanied by vasoconstriction in the splanchnic, renal and cutaneous vascular beds (Hilton, 1975). Such a response has ...
Motor System & Behavior
... As the cortex determines that a voluntary movement is needed, the basal ganglia become engaged in selecting and presenting the motor cortex with the right motor programs needed to perform the movement. The basal ganglia integrates all the necessary data streams for the various cortex areas, processe ...
... As the cortex determines that a voluntary movement is needed, the basal ganglia become engaged in selecting and presenting the motor cortex with the right motor programs needed to perform the movement. The basal ganglia integrates all the necessary data streams for the various cortex areas, processe ...
File
... The autonomic nervous system regulates activities that are involuntary, or not under conscious control. For instance, when you start to run, the autonomic nervous system speeds up your heart rate and blood flow to the skeletal muscles, stimulates the sweat glands, and slows down the contractions of ...
... The autonomic nervous system regulates activities that are involuntary, or not under conscious control. For instance, when you start to run, the autonomic nervous system speeds up your heart rate and blood flow to the skeletal muscles, stimulates the sweat glands, and slows down the contractions of ...
spinal cord
... – The amount of ventral gray matter at a given level of the spinal cord is proportional to the amount of skeletal muscle innervated. ...
... – The amount of ventral gray matter at a given level of the spinal cord is proportional to the amount of skeletal muscle innervated. ...
Aalborg Universitet Assessment of sensory convergence in the spinal cord
... Pain has been defined as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms as such” (Merskey and Bogduk, 1994). It has also been emphasized that pain is a personal experience that depends on genetic differences, past experience, anxiety, ex ...
... Pain has been defined as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms as such” (Merskey and Bogduk, 1994). It has also been emphasized that pain is a personal experience that depends on genetic differences, past experience, anxiety, ex ...
Analogues of simple and complex cells in rhesus monkey auditory
... that respond either to the onset or the offset of a small spot of light; complex cells, by contrast, respond with mixed ON and OFF responses throughout their RF. In addition, simple cells show spatial summation within each of their subregions. In both auditory and somatosensory cortex, inhibitory su ...
... that respond either to the onset or the offset of a small spot of light; complex cells, by contrast, respond with mixed ON and OFF responses throughout their RF. In addition, simple cells show spatial summation within each of their subregions. In both auditory and somatosensory cortex, inhibitory su ...
Location of the polysensory zone in the precentral gyrus
... the multiunit activity over a loudspeaker. Somatosensory responsiveness was studied using manual palpation, manipulation of joints, gentle pressure, and stroking with cotton swabs. Somatosensory receptive fields were plotted by repeated presentation of the most effective of these stimuli. Visual res ...
... the multiunit activity over a loudspeaker. Somatosensory responsiveness was studied using manual palpation, manipulation of joints, gentle pressure, and stroking with cotton swabs. Somatosensory receptive fields were plotted by repeated presentation of the most effective of these stimuli. Visual res ...
Review Historical aspects of the anatomy of the reticular formation
... the establishment of the organic structure of an intricate system, which would later be called the reticular system or formation. This article described the differences between clinical and electrobiological manifestations in a cat after experimental transections of the brainstem at the pontine-midb ...
... the establishment of the organic structure of an intricate system, which would later be called the reticular system or formation. This article described the differences between clinical and electrobiological manifestations in a cat after experimental transections of the brainstem at the pontine-midb ...