Hippocampus duality: memory and novelty detection are subserved
... We first compared the ERPs in an OB task in which patients had to mentally count visual targets (20%) appearing randomly in a set of distractors (80%) with those from a famous face recognition memory task. Figure 1A presents ERPs to OB targets and famous faces recorded along successive contacts of a ...
... We first compared the ERPs in an OB task in which patients had to mentally count visual targets (20%) appearing randomly in a set of distractors (80%) with those from a famous face recognition memory task. Figure 1A presents ERPs to OB targets and famous faces recorded along successive contacts of a ...
Memmler`s The Human Body in Health and
... shingles (herpes zoster) – localized disease caused by the virus traveling down the sensory nerves by fast axonal transport when immune system is compromised ◦ common after age of 50 ◦ painful trail of skin discoloration and fluid-filled vesicles along path of ...
... shingles (herpes zoster) – localized disease caused by the virus traveling down the sensory nerves by fast axonal transport when immune system is compromised ◦ common after age of 50 ◦ painful trail of skin discoloration and fluid-filled vesicles along path of ...
Brain Stimulation for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
... DBS treatment of pain, including the somatosensory thalamic nuclei (Mazars, 1975), the motor cortex (Tsubokawa et al., 1993), the internal capsule (Adams et al., 1974), periaqueductal gray area, pariventricular gray, the raphe nuclei (Oliveras et al., 1978), and other brain regions near the central ...
... DBS treatment of pain, including the somatosensory thalamic nuclei (Mazars, 1975), the motor cortex (Tsubokawa et al., 1993), the internal capsule (Adams et al., 1974), periaqueductal gray area, pariventricular gray, the raphe nuclei (Oliveras et al., 1978), and other brain regions near the central ...
Full-Text PDF
... mechanosensory organs, which all provide feedback on wingbeats during flight. For example, during locust flight, the inputs from stretch receptors on the base of the wings induce excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) on the elevator muscle and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) on the d ...
... mechanosensory organs, which all provide feedback on wingbeats during flight. For example, during locust flight, the inputs from stretch receptors on the base of the wings induce excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) on the elevator muscle and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) on the d ...
Redgrave - people.vcu.edu
... processing (for reviews, see REFS 51,52) indicate that signals related to the identity of objects can be recorded in the inferotemporal cortex ~80–100 ms after stimulus onset. By this time many of the DA neurons have already begun to fire2, and it is not obvious by which route relevant information c ...
... processing (for reviews, see REFS 51,52) indicate that signals related to the identity of objects can be recorded in the inferotemporal cortex ~80–100 ms after stimulus onset. By this time many of the DA neurons have already begun to fire2, and it is not obvious by which route relevant information c ...
Vibration Sensitivity and a Computational Theory for Prey
... the stimulus. At higher frequencies (.500 Hz), unit responses (‘‘spikes’’) from the BCSS appear to remain phase-locked even though failing to respond to every cycle of oscillation. This apparent phase-locking of the sensory response to peaks in the acceleration stimulus is the first indication that ...
... the stimulus. At higher frequencies (.500 Hz), unit responses (‘‘spikes’’) from the BCSS appear to remain phase-locked even though failing to respond to every cycle of oscillation. This apparent phase-locking of the sensory response to peaks in the acceleration stimulus is the first indication that ...
Neurological Anatomy and Physiology
... This publication is intended solely for the educational use of healthcare professionals taking this course, for credit, from RN.com, in accordance with RN.com terms of use. It is designed to assist healthcare professionals, including nurses, in addressing many issues associated with healthcare. The ...
... This publication is intended solely for the educational use of healthcare professionals taking this course, for credit, from RN.com, in accordance with RN.com terms of use. It is designed to assist healthcare professionals, including nurses, in addressing many issues associated with healthcare. The ...
Spinal Cord Injury - Deranged Physiology
... complex perceptions of size, weight, texture) depends on the ascending sensory information reaching a diencephalic target (the thalamus) and then the cerebral cortex. Only two major pathways need to be ...
... complex perceptions of size, weight, texture) depends on the ascending sensory information reaching a diencephalic target (the thalamus) and then the cerebral cortex. Only two major pathways need to be ...
Recording Electrical Signals from Human Muscle
... you slightly press your foot down on the accelerator of a car, or stand on your tiptoes. Skeletal muscles do not normally contract on their own; rather, they are excited through a sequence of electrical events involving the central and peripheral nervous systems. For example, to perform a simple vol ...
... you slightly press your foot down on the accelerator of a car, or stand on your tiptoes. Skeletal muscles do not normally contract on their own; rather, they are excited through a sequence of electrical events involving the central and peripheral nervous systems. For example, to perform a simple vol ...
Heterogeneous Integration of Bilateral Whisker Signals by Neurons
... “only . . . the initial perturbation of the principal whiskers will overcome the . . . cortical inhibition” (Brumberg et al. 1996). For Armstrong-James (1995), a “transient insularity” between barrels includes the whole cortical column centered over a barrel. That is, for some time after each stimul ...
... “only . . . the initial perturbation of the principal whiskers will overcome the . . . cortical inhibition” (Brumberg et al. 1996). For Armstrong-James (1995), a “transient insularity” between barrels includes the whole cortical column centered over a barrel. That is, for some time after each stimul ...
The Motor Cortex and Descending Control of Movement
... shown in one monkey; whereby a lesion of the pyramidal tract led to remarkable reprogramming of rubrospinal outputs.24 Not only did the muscle targets of the mRN change after the lesion, they changed to a pattern that looked more like the corticospinal system than the rubrospinal. This type of plast ...
... shown in one monkey; whereby a lesion of the pyramidal tract led to remarkable reprogramming of rubrospinal outputs.24 Not only did the muscle targets of the mRN change after the lesion, they changed to a pattern that looked more like the corticospinal system than the rubrospinal. This type of plast ...
Neuronal correlates of decision
... Many neurons in S2 did not respond in a purely sensory manner: their response to stimulus f2 was not simply a function of f2 frequency. Two particularly clear example neurons are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The trial blocks highlighted by thick black arrows in Figs. 2a and 3a, which share the same value ...
... Many neurons in S2 did not respond in a purely sensory manner: their response to stimulus f2 was not simply a function of f2 frequency. Two particularly clear example neurons are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The trial blocks highlighted by thick black arrows in Figs. 2a and 3a, which share the same value ...
An Introduction to the Nervous System
... the membrane’s permeability to these ions is very low • Na+ has only a small effect on the normal resting potential, making it just ...
... the membrane’s permeability to these ions is very low • Na+ has only a small effect on the normal resting potential, making it just ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿 - Shandong University
... – Type II fibers – Associated with the ends of the spindle ...
... – Type II fibers – Associated with the ends of the spindle ...
Newsletter Jan 02 - Pediatric Feeding News
... only evaluating and treating the motor part of the swallow while neglecting the sensory portion. That is, we tend to overlook how important it is that the brain receive the appropriate information as to the properties of the bolus so that it may generate an appropriate motor response. If the brain d ...
... only evaluating and treating the motor part of the swallow while neglecting the sensory portion. That is, we tend to overlook how important it is that the brain receive the appropriate information as to the properties of the bolus so that it may generate an appropriate motor response. If the brain d ...
07 Cranial nerves, their functional division into three groups. Organ
... stimulus and its location • The stronger the stimulus, the higher the frequency of action potentials • Some receptors adapt, that is their sensitivity to a stimulus is reduced if the stimulus is continually applied (smell) – The RAS can heighten or reduce awareness of sensory information ...
... stimulus and its location • The stronger the stimulus, the higher the frequency of action potentials • Some receptors adapt, that is their sensitivity to a stimulus is reduced if the stimulus is continually applied (smell) – The RAS can heighten or reduce awareness of sensory information ...
Cranial Nerves: Assessment of Functions
... nasal half of each retina cross at the optic chiasma and are distributed to the contralateral brain stem, thalamus, and occipital cerebrum along with fibers from the ipsilateral temporal retina (see figure 1.2). Both eyes are represented in the occipital cortex of each cerebral hemisphere. In additi ...
... nasal half of each retina cross at the optic chiasma and are distributed to the contralateral brain stem, thalamus, and occipital cerebrum along with fibers from the ipsilateral temporal retina (see figure 1.2). Both eyes are represented in the occipital cortex of each cerebral hemisphere. In additi ...
powerpoint lecture
... – Surrounds primary visual cortex – Uses past visual experiences to interpret visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement) • ability to recognize faces ...
... – Surrounds primary visual cortex – Uses past visual experiences to interpret visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement) • ability to recognize faces ...
Signature - UNE Faculty/Staff Index Page
... Also region where cerebellum connects to brainstem via cerebellar peduncles medulla oblongata – connection to spinal cord (Mylencephalon) Contains motor tracts, some cranial nerve nuclei and proprioceptive nuclei Pyramidal tracts produce medial swellings (pyramidal motor system) Inferior Olivary Nuc ...
... Also region where cerebellum connects to brainstem via cerebellar peduncles medulla oblongata – connection to spinal cord (Mylencephalon) Contains motor tracts, some cranial nerve nuclei and proprioceptive nuclei Pyramidal tracts produce medial swellings (pyramidal motor system) Inferior Olivary Nuc ...
Not all brains are created equal: The relevance of
... study reports reduced reaction times with prolonged but not shorter stimulation periods at 2mA, whereas reaction times increased with longer stimulation times at 1mA (Teo et al., 2011). Reaction times were therefore similarly low under short periods of 1mA and longer periods of 2mA. Similarly, 2mA o ...
... study reports reduced reaction times with prolonged but not shorter stimulation periods at 2mA, whereas reaction times increased with longer stimulation times at 1mA (Teo et al., 2011). Reaction times were therefore similarly low under short periods of 1mA and longer periods of 2mA. Similarly, 2mA o ...
neuropathy classification
... Motor symptoms such as weakness and wasting also commence distally Common complaints are tripping on the toes and loss of grip strength may have cramps or fasciculations Polyneuropathies involve more than one type of nerve but there is usually one (e.g. sensory or motor, large fiber or small fiber) ...
... Motor symptoms such as weakness and wasting also commence distally Common complaints are tripping on the toes and loss of grip strength may have cramps or fasciculations Polyneuropathies involve more than one type of nerve but there is usually one (e.g. sensory or motor, large fiber or small fiber) ...
An implantable electrode design for both chronic in vivo
... in freely behaving invertebrates have not been described so far. We developed a double hook electrode that can be assembled and implanted easily and that can be used for alternate recording and chronic stimulation in crayfish over several months. It is of high durability and may be well suited for u ...
... in freely behaving invertebrates have not been described so far. We developed a double hook electrode that can be assembled and implanted easily and that can be used for alternate recording and chronic stimulation in crayfish over several months. It is of high durability and may be well suited for u ...
Deep Brain Stimulation Does Not Silence Neurons in Subthalamic
... that lesioning or otherwise inactivating the STN is effective in treating Parkinson’s disease symptoms (Follett 2000; Levy et al. 2001; Walter and Vitek 2004). Electrical stimulation was thus inferred to mimic a lesion by suppressing output from the STN. The functional lesion hypothesis received sup ...
... that lesioning or otherwise inactivating the STN is effective in treating Parkinson’s disease symptoms (Follett 2000; Levy et al. 2001; Walter and Vitek 2004). Electrical stimulation was thus inferred to mimic a lesion by suppressing output from the STN. The functional lesion hypothesis received sup ...
Long Term Effects of Low Frequency (10 Hz)
... VN activity was explored using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis from ECG recorded signal (Kubios, Finland) as we previously described [4]. A standard spectral analysis was applied on interbeat intervals using a Fast Fourier Transform. High Frequency power spectrum (HF, from 0.15 to 0.40 Hz) com ...
... VN activity was explored using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis from ECG recorded signal (Kubios, Finland) as we previously described [4]. A standard spectral analysis was applied on interbeat intervals using a Fast Fourier Transform. High Frequency power spectrum (HF, from 0.15 to 0.40 Hz) com ...
Arterial Blood Supply to the Auditory Cortex of the Chinchilla
... tion of all major cerebral arteries, as shown in Fig. 2. Viewed from the ventral direction (lower panel), the anatomy of the arterial circle and its associated major vessels can be seen. The general plan (from caudal to rostral) of vertebral arteries converging to form the basilar artery, which in t ...
... tion of all major cerebral arteries, as shown in Fig. 2. Viewed from the ventral direction (lower panel), the anatomy of the arterial circle and its associated major vessels can be seen. The general plan (from caudal to rostral) of vertebral arteries converging to form the basilar artery, which in t ...