Assembly and Function of Spinal Circuits for Motor Control
... family of transcription factors to regulate the expression profile of two classes of homeodomain (HD) transcription factors (Class I/Class II) in the ventral spinal cord (Shirasaki & Pfaff 2002). Shh induces expression of the more ventrally expressed Class II protein genes, whereas genes encoding Cl ...
... family of transcription factors to regulate the expression profile of two classes of homeodomain (HD) transcription factors (Class I/Class II) in the ventral spinal cord (Shirasaki & Pfaff 2002). Shh induces expression of the more ventrally expressed Class II protein genes, whereas genes encoding Cl ...
S - 7473-2390-3942 Accountability in United States
... Pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex are also slightly reduced in either gender; in particular the density of the dendritic spines of the apical as well as basal dendrites. The results in male infants only demonstrate slightly higher decrease in the length of basal dendrites of the same neurons. ...
... Pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex are also slightly reduced in either gender; in particular the density of the dendritic spines of the apical as well as basal dendrites. The results in male infants only demonstrate slightly higher decrease in the length of basal dendrites of the same neurons. ...
Oxytocin Influence on the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract
... that the data from this study may have much broader behavioral implications, including alterations in affective and cognitive processes. Specifically, we will focus on converging evidence suggesting that oxytocin modulation of NTS function could influence the development of stress and anxiety-like b ...
... that the data from this study may have much broader behavioral implications, including alterations in affective and cognitive processes. Specifically, we will focus on converging evidence suggesting that oxytocin modulation of NTS function could influence the development of stress and anxiety-like b ...
Segregated cholinergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area
... the post hoc histological identification of the recorded neurons, we classified them as DA (TH+; n = 60) or non-DA (TH-; n = 36) (Fig. 1f, 1g, 2f and 2g). The firing rate and pattern of each neuron during the light stimulation was compared to their firing characteristics during the preceding baseli ...
... the post hoc histological identification of the recorded neurons, we classified them as DA (TH+; n = 60) or non-DA (TH-; n = 36) (Fig. 1f, 1g, 2f and 2g). The firing rate and pattern of each neuron during the light stimulation was compared to their firing characteristics during the preceding baseli ...
Potassium Currents Responsible for Inward and Outward
... The spontaneous activity of neostriatal spiny neurons recorded in intact animals is characterized by sustained and limited shifts in membrane potential from relatively hyperpolarized potentials to depolarized potentials near spike threshold. The present data suggest that the hyperpolarized state is ...
... The spontaneous activity of neostriatal spiny neurons recorded in intact animals is characterized by sustained and limited shifts in membrane potential from relatively hyperpolarized potentials to depolarized potentials near spike threshold. The present data suggest that the hyperpolarized state is ...
Experiment HN-6: Hoffman Reflex using the Soleus Muscle
... The Hoffman reflex is studied regularly in sports medicine research because of its changes in response to injuries and various therapies. An example of this is clear in people who have recently sprained their ankle. The very definition of a sprain injury is damage to a ligament, however, ligaments a ...
... The Hoffman reflex is studied regularly in sports medicine research because of its changes in response to injuries and various therapies. An example of this is clear in people who have recently sprained their ankle. The very definition of a sprain injury is damage to a ligament, however, ligaments a ...
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM NEURONAL MIGRATION
... program of CNS development (Harland 1997, Hemmati-Brivanlou 1994). The initial step in this process is the establishment of the anterior-posterior (AP) axis and the subdivision of the brain vesicles (Rubenstein et al 1998). A program of transcription factor expression marks domains that will become ...
... program of CNS development (Harland 1997, Hemmati-Brivanlou 1994). The initial step in this process is the establishment of the anterior-posterior (AP) axis and the subdivision of the brain vesicles (Rubenstein et al 1998). A program of transcription factor expression marks domains that will become ...
Short Course III - David Kleinfeld - University of California San Diego
... Stochastic processes (also called random processes) can be contrasted with deterministic processes, which are perfectly predictable. Deterministic processes evolve in exactly the same way from a particular point. In contrast, stochastic processes are described by probability distributions that gover ...
... Stochastic processes (also called random processes) can be contrasted with deterministic processes, which are perfectly predictable. Deterministic processes evolve in exactly the same way from a particular point. In contrast, stochastic processes are described by probability distributions that gover ...
No Slide Title
... monkey executes particular actions as well as when the monkey observes an other individual executing the same action. Mirror neuron system (MNS): The mirror neurons and the brain regions involved in eliciting mirror behavior. ...
... monkey executes particular actions as well as when the monkey observes an other individual executing the same action. Mirror neuron system (MNS): The mirror neurons and the brain regions involved in eliciting mirror behavior. ...
Neuronal Activation in the Medulla Oblongata During Selective
... adults (Koc et al. 1998). This study is the first step in identifying the oligosynaptic pathway involved in this response. Once the neural pathways are identified, future studies can begin to determine how to modulate the system to prevent laryngospasm. This study also addresses the integrative syst ...
... adults (Koc et al. 1998). This study is the first step in identifying the oligosynaptic pathway involved in this response. Once the neural pathways are identified, future studies can begin to determine how to modulate the system to prevent laryngospasm. This study also addresses the integrative syst ...
Impact of prefrontal cortex in nicotine
... (nAChRs) in the PFC to enhance working memory and attention and Bunney, 1983; Ungless et al., 2004), we do acknowledge that there are (Levin, 1992; Granon et al., 1995; Levin et al., 2006; Counotte et al., the technical limitations in the determination of the identities of our 2011; Guillem et al., ...
... (nAChRs) in the PFC to enhance working memory and attention and Bunney, 1983; Ungless et al., 2004), we do acknowledge that there are (Levin, 1992; Granon et al., 1995; Levin et al., 2006; Counotte et al., the technical limitations in the determination of the identities of our 2011; Guillem et al., ...
FROM MOTIVATION TO ACTION - The University of Texas at Dallas
... and spinal cord and their contribution to sensory-motor integration make possible motor responses that are more complex and precise. This hierarchical organization of the motor system is also well illustrated by the differences in the variability of motor responses between lower and higher animals i ...
... and spinal cord and their contribution to sensory-motor integration make possible motor responses that are more complex and precise. This hierarchical organization of the motor system is also well illustrated by the differences in the variability of motor responses between lower and higher animals i ...
“Parcelation of the White Matter Using DTI: Insights into the
... are the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure. The fornix also has a small commissural component (hippocampal commissure) however, due to its predominant association fibers is included in the association fiber systems. The commissural system plays an important role in interhemispheric function ...
... are the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure. The fornix also has a small commissural component (hippocampal commissure) however, due to its predominant association fibers is included in the association fiber systems. The commissural system plays an important role in interhemispheric function ...
Inhibitory interneurons in the piriform cortex
... Norimitsu Suzuki and John M. Bekkers Division of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia ...
... Norimitsu Suzuki and John M. Bekkers Division of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia ...
Catastrophic Forgetting in Connectionist Networks: Causes
... encoding), which made orthogonalization at the input layer easier. One problem with these techniques remains how to determine, in general, how this orthogonal coding on input can be done. Alternately, internal representational overlap was reduced by attempting to orthogonalize the hidden-layer activ ...
... encoding), which made orthogonalization at the input layer easier. One problem with these techniques remains how to determine, in general, how this orthogonal coding on input can be done. Alternately, internal representational overlap was reduced by attempting to orthogonalize the hidden-layer activ ...
resumo_pertes_mecani..
... electrical nerve impulse is known as an action potential. The Action Potential: Action potentials are created through the process of depolarization. To understand this process, it is necessary to have a basic knowledge about the physiology of nerve cells. A nerve cell is bounded by membranes compose ...
... electrical nerve impulse is known as an action potential. The Action Potential: Action potentials are created through the process of depolarization. To understand this process, it is necessary to have a basic knowledge about the physiology of nerve cells. A nerve cell is bounded by membranes compose ...
Neural correlates of odor learning in the honeybee antennal lobe
... were observed. In the first case the signal-to-noise ratio was high, and the spikes were of the same waveform and amplitude (Fig. 1b). This type of spike signal was observed in 18% of all recorded data. In the other 82%, the signal-to-noise ratio was lower and spikes occurred with different amplitude ...
... were observed. In the first case the signal-to-noise ratio was high, and the spikes were of the same waveform and amplitude (Fig. 1b). This type of spike signal was observed in 18% of all recorded data. In the other 82%, the signal-to-noise ratio was lower and spikes occurred with different amplitude ...
Imaging the Functional Organization of Zebrafish
... The small increase due to a single antidromic spike was comparable to the smallest increases observed in the Mauthner cell during escapes elicited by a tap. The small tap-evoked increases occurred in early trials in a series of escapes elicited at 2 min intervals. However, the Mauthner cell response ...
... The small increase due to a single antidromic spike was comparable to the smallest increases observed in the Mauthner cell during escapes elicited by a tap. The small tap-evoked increases occurred in early trials in a series of escapes elicited at 2 min intervals. However, the Mauthner cell response ...
Mental state inference using visual control parameters
... task performance, whereas motor cortex may be more involved in processing related to the purely motor aspects of task performance [77]. In addition, some premotor cortex neurons (mirror neurons) appear to be involved in both movement generation and also action understanding [29,70]. Our model struct ...
... task performance, whereas motor cortex may be more involved in processing related to the purely motor aspects of task performance [77]. In addition, some premotor cortex neurons (mirror neurons) appear to be involved in both movement generation and also action understanding [29,70]. Our model struct ...