Sample
... 18) A group of axons bundled together coated in myelin that travels together through the body is called: A) myelin sheaths. B) nerves. C) the spinal cord. D) a neural network. Correct: Correct. Bundles of myelin-coated axons travel together in cables called nerves. Incorrect: Incorrect. Myelin sheat ...
... 18) A group of axons bundled together coated in myelin that travels together through the body is called: A) myelin sheaths. B) nerves. C) the spinal cord. D) a neural network. Correct: Correct. Bundles of myelin-coated axons travel together in cables called nerves. Incorrect: Incorrect. Myelin sheat ...
PowerPoint Presentation - University of South Alabama
... than PET scans, and can be acquired at a faster rate. Thus they reveal more detailed information than PET scans. ...
... than PET scans, and can be acquired at a faster rate. Thus they reveal more detailed information than PET scans. ...
3-Morpholinylsydnonimine Inhibits Glutamatergic Transmission in
... spermine NONOate. Thus, it is likely that SIN-1 and spermine NONOate produce peroxynitrite, thereby suppressing glutamatergic transmission on the RVLM neurons. Presynaptic Site of Action for the Inhibitory Effect of SIN-1. To dissect the synaptic site of action for SIN-1, the effects of SIN-1 on the ...
... spermine NONOate. Thus, it is likely that SIN-1 and spermine NONOate produce peroxynitrite, thereby suppressing glutamatergic transmission on the RVLM neurons. Presynaptic Site of Action for the Inhibitory Effect of SIN-1. To dissect the synaptic site of action for SIN-1, the effects of SIN-1 on the ...
Afferent Fiber Remodeling in the Somatosensory Thalamus of Mice
... evidence from the neural circuit level to the systems level, the linkage between particular neural circuitry remodeling and the somatotopic reorganization that would ultimately lead to abnormal ectopic sensation remains unclear. This is mainly because the somatotopic information that remodeled axon ...
... evidence from the neural circuit level to the systems level, the linkage between particular neural circuitry remodeling and the somatotopic reorganization that would ultimately lead to abnormal ectopic sensation remains unclear. This is mainly because the somatotopic information that remodeled axon ...
Refinement of feedforward projections, neuronal density, and
... the developing cortex will ultimately be. In addition to synapse density, we identified the postsynaptic targets as dendritic shafts or spines. While synapses can occur on both of these structures, spines are the most common targets (DeFelipe et al., 1999). We also differentiated between asymmetric ...
... the developing cortex will ultimately be. In addition to synapse density, we identified the postsynaptic targets as dendritic shafts or spines. While synapses can occur on both of these structures, spines are the most common targets (DeFelipe et al., 1999). We also differentiated between asymmetric ...
Functional Organization of Ferret Auditory Cortex
... at all 16 sites. In a small number of penetrations in one animal, we used a single probe with 16 active sites spanning a range of 1.6 mm along its length in order to sample responses at different cortical depths in more detail. The neuronal recordings were bandpass filtered (500 Hz--5 kHz), amplified ...
... at all 16 sites. In a small number of penetrations in one animal, we used a single probe with 16 active sites spanning a range of 1.6 mm along its length in order to sample responses at different cortical depths in more detail. The neuronal recordings were bandpass filtered (500 Hz--5 kHz), amplified ...
Representation of Umami Taste in the Human Brain
... of protein). In fact, multidimensional scaling methods in humans (Yamaguchi and Kimizuka 1979; Yoshida and Saito 1969) have shown that the taste of glutamate [as its sodium salt monosodium glutamate (MSG)] cannot be reduced to any of the other four basic tastes. Specific receptors for glutamate in l ...
... of protein). In fact, multidimensional scaling methods in humans (Yamaguchi and Kimizuka 1979; Yoshida and Saito 1969) have shown that the taste of glutamate [as its sodium salt monosodium glutamate (MSG)] cannot be reduced to any of the other four basic tastes. Specific receptors for glutamate in l ...
Review Early Steps in the Development of the Forebrain
... (A and B) Cartoons of the rostral neural plate of a zebrafish embryo with anterior to the left. The approximate locations of cells destined to give rise to various territories are shown in different colors. The topological relationships of prospective forebrain domains are conserved between vertebra ...
... (A and B) Cartoons of the rostral neural plate of a zebrafish embryo with anterior to the left. The approximate locations of cells destined to give rise to various territories are shown in different colors. The topological relationships of prospective forebrain domains are conserved between vertebra ...
Goodwin S.F., Taylor, B.J., Villella, A., Foss, M., Ryner, L. C., Baker, B. S., and Hall, J. C.
... promoters, showed that most or all neurons in the CNS, as well as many cells in non-neuronal tissues, express this gene (Ryner et al. 1996). This more general expression pattern, stemming from the use of one or more of the ...
... promoters, showed that most or all neurons in the CNS, as well as many cells in non-neuronal tissues, express this gene (Ryner et al. 1996). This more general expression pattern, stemming from the use of one or more of the ...
Nerve activates contraction
... If the action potential (nerve impulse) starts, it is propagated over the entire axon Potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, which repolarizes the membrane The sodium-potassium pump restores the original configuration This action requires ATP Copyright © 2003 Pearso ...
... If the action potential (nerve impulse) starts, it is propagated over the entire axon Potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, which repolarizes the membrane The sodium-potassium pump restores the original configuration This action requires ATP Copyright © 2003 Pearso ...
Nerve activates contraction
... If the action potential (nerve impulse) starts, it is propagated over the entire axon Potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, which repolarizes the membrane The sodium-potassium pump restores the original configuration This action requires ATP Copyright © 2003 Pearso ...
... If the action potential (nerve impulse) starts, it is propagated over the entire axon Potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, which repolarizes the membrane The sodium-potassium pump restores the original configuration This action requires ATP Copyright © 2003 Pearso ...
Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF): Neurotrophic Functions and
... Division of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and 2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, 3Kringle Pharma Joint Research Division for ...
... Division of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and 2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, 3Kringle Pharma Joint Research Division for ...
Immunohistochemical Study of Spinal Motor Neurons Following
... direct epineurial repair of injured peripheral nerves is the current standard approach when nerve ends can be joined without undue tension at the repair site (23). If a gap exists between the nerve ends, direct joining may cause tension at the repair site, a condition that has been shown to compromi ...
... direct epineurial repair of injured peripheral nerves is the current standard approach when nerve ends can be joined without undue tension at the repair site (23). If a gap exists between the nerve ends, direct joining may cause tension at the repair site, a condition that has been shown to compromi ...
Linking Topography to Tonotopy in the Mouse Auditory
... lesions were made at various rostral-caudal positions in the MGB identified with the silicon probe. FRAs were measured at different insertion depths with a tungsten microelectrode, and small lesions were made by passing 0.8 !A of current for 12 s at one or two points of interest along the lateral-to ...
... lesions were made at various rostral-caudal positions in the MGB identified with the silicon probe. FRAs were measured at different insertion depths with a tungsten microelectrode, and small lesions were made by passing 0.8 !A of current for 12 s at one or two points of interest along the lateral-to ...
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... enriched housing cage had four levels linked by ramps (Fig. 1B). Hanging chains and wind chimes hung over the entrance of two levels and produced unique sounds with rat movements. A rat’s movement onto two of the three ramps triggered delivery of a ramp-specific tone (lowest ramp ⫽ 2.1 kHz; highest ...
... enriched housing cage had four levels linked by ramps (Fig. 1B). Hanging chains and wind chimes hung over the entrance of two levels and produced unique sounds with rat movements. A rat’s movement onto two of the three ramps triggered delivery of a ramp-specific tone (lowest ramp ⫽ 2.1 kHz; highest ...
... amygdala, delineated with the striatal-related markers dopamine, adenosine 3 0 :5 0 -monophosphate regulated phosphoprotein of Mr 32 kDa, and the related phosphoprotein Inhibitor-1. These basal forebrain systems project to autonomic nuclei in the hypothalamus and brainstem. We interpret these result ...
An unaware agenda: interictal consciousness
... and activation patterns, (iii) the rate of interictal discharges can either increase or decrease just ahead of a seizure, and (iv) in most cases the electrographic pattern of seizure onset is completely different from the activity recorded during interictal discharges (Fisher et al., 2014). Hence a ...
... and activation patterns, (iii) the rate of interictal discharges can either increase or decrease just ahead of a seizure, and (iv) in most cases the electrographic pattern of seizure onset is completely different from the activity recorded during interictal discharges (Fisher et al., 2014). Hence a ...
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... sustained independently of neurotrophins and is downregulated by BDNF. With the acquisition of NGF dependence, p75 and trkA mRNA levels increase markedly in vivo. At this stage in vitro, the level of p75 mRNA is upregulated by NGF, but this response is lost at later stages. ...
... sustained independently of neurotrophins and is downregulated by BDNF. With the acquisition of NGF dependence, p75 and trkA mRNA levels increase markedly in vivo. At this stage in vitro, the level of p75 mRNA is upregulated by NGF, but this response is lost at later stages. ...
Motor Cortex Neural Correlates of Output Kinematics and Kinetics
... rectangular box was drawn about the cursor (Fig. 1) and moved with it on the monitor as the monkeys generated horizontal forces or J Neurophysiol • VOL ...
... rectangular box was drawn about the cursor (Fig. 1) and moved with it on the monitor as the monkeys generated horizontal forces or J Neurophysiol • VOL ...
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... thousands of neighbouring axon terminals. The same neuron's axon terminals may rest close to numerous other dendrites. As a result, an individual neuron may send and receive signals simultaneously in the thousands. d. physically with a few axons. Answer: c Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Reference: 31 Topic: ...
... thousands of neighbouring axon terminals. The same neuron's axon terminals may rest close to numerous other dendrites. As a result, an individual neuron may send and receive signals simultaneously in the thousands. d. physically with a few axons. Answer: c Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Reference: 31 Topic: ...
Spinal cord
... • 12.1 Discuss the anatomical features of the spinal cord. • 12.2 Describe the three meningeal layers that surround the spinal cord. • 12.3 Explain the roles of white matter and gray matter in processing and relaying sensory information and motor commands. • 12.4 Describe the major components of a s ...
... • 12.1 Discuss the anatomical features of the spinal cord. • 12.2 Describe the three meningeal layers that surround the spinal cord. • 12.3 Explain the roles of white matter and gray matter in processing and relaying sensory information and motor commands. • 12.4 Describe the major components of a s ...
Examination of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
... inactive rT3 or T2 [14]. The liver and kidney, where D1 participates in the clearance of TH derivatives, contains a relatively large concentration of this enzyme, but D1 is also present in the anterior pituitary, intestine, placenta and thyroid gland [16, 20]. In rats, D1 is also present in the cere ...
... inactive rT3 or T2 [14]. The liver and kidney, where D1 participates in the clearance of TH derivatives, contains a relatively large concentration of this enzyme, but D1 is also present in the anterior pituitary, intestine, placenta and thyroid gland [16, 20]. In rats, D1 is also present in the cere ...
Reward-Related Responses in the Human Striatum
... much of the existing animal research supports a functional division in the striatum between dorsal and ventral components, there are also theories that posit that a gradient of information shifts from more ventromedial (i.e., caudate and nucleus accumbens) to dorsolateral (i.e., putamen) structures ...
... much of the existing animal research supports a functional division in the striatum between dorsal and ventral components, there are also theories that posit that a gradient of information shifts from more ventromedial (i.e., caudate and nucleus accumbens) to dorsolateral (i.e., putamen) structures ...
Frontal Eye Field Sends Delay Activity Related to Movement
... sent from the FEF to the SC contributes to several different functions during saccade generation. Moreover, these results provide the first detailed description of delay activity identified as leaving any part of the prefrontal cortex. We hypothesize that a major, general way in which prefrontal cor ...
... sent from the FEF to the SC contributes to several different functions during saccade generation. Moreover, these results provide the first detailed description of delay activity identified as leaving any part of the prefrontal cortex. We hypothesize that a major, general way in which prefrontal cor ...
