Sensory responses and movement-related activities in extrinsic
... After full recovery from anesthesia, the cockroaches exhibited long sequences of grooming, and then began to explore the surroundings. Any animal that failed to show spontaneous locomotion, grooming, and escape from tactile or wind stimuli applied to their cerci was not used for unit recordings. To ...
... After full recovery from anesthesia, the cockroaches exhibited long sequences of grooming, and then began to explore the surroundings. Any animal that failed to show spontaneous locomotion, grooming, and escape from tactile or wind stimuli applied to their cerci was not used for unit recordings. To ...
Reflexes - Sinoe Medical Association
... fiber tracts, with the ascending tracts transmitting sensory information (from receptors in the skin, skin skeletal muscles muscles, tendons tendons, joints joints, & various visceral receptors) and the descending tracts transmitting motor information (to skeletal muscles, smooth muscle, cardiac mus ...
... fiber tracts, with the ascending tracts transmitting sensory information (from receptors in the skin, skin skeletal muscles muscles, tendons tendons, joints joints, & various visceral receptors) and the descending tracts transmitting motor information (to skeletal muscles, smooth muscle, cardiac mus ...
The Spinal Cord
... White Matter of Spinal Cord Myelinated axons carrying information between brain and gray matter of spinal cord (both directions). Dorsal (Posterior) Column: Lateral Column: Ventral (Anterior) Column: ...
... White Matter of Spinal Cord Myelinated axons carrying information between brain and gray matter of spinal cord (both directions). Dorsal (Posterior) Column: Lateral Column: Ventral (Anterior) Column: ...
Final Exam Answers
... E. Many cells can respond to visual stimulation from both eyes. 39. Which region of the retina is most suited for high resolution, color vision? * A. fovea B. optic disc C. peripheral retina D. none of the above 40. When we move from sunlight to darkness, which of the following occurs in rods and co ...
... E. Many cells can respond to visual stimulation from both eyes. 39. Which region of the retina is most suited for high resolution, color vision? * A. fovea B. optic disc C. peripheral retina D. none of the above 40. When we move from sunlight to darkness, which of the following occurs in rods and co ...
Rapid Alterations in Diffusion-weighted Images with Anatomic
... Image analysis was performed for each rat on a single slice immediately anterior to the slice where the hippocampus can be seen curling inferiorly. This position corresponded approximately to bregma 23.60 mm and maximized the cross-sectional area of each ROI (Fig 1) (21). Cheshire image processing s ...
... Image analysis was performed for each rat on a single slice immediately anterior to the slice where the hippocampus can be seen curling inferiorly. This position corresponded approximately to bregma 23.60 mm and maximized the cross-sectional area of each ROI (Fig 1) (21). Cheshire image processing s ...
6 slides per sheet
... Cortical Development: Laminar structure of the cortex is constructed from the inside-out Neurons are born in the ventricular layer and migrate radially along glia to their ...
... Cortical Development: Laminar structure of the cortex is constructed from the inside-out Neurons are born in the ventricular layer and migrate radially along glia to their ...
Auditory Cortex (1)
... 1. Woolsey CN and Walzl EM. Topical projection of nerve fibers from local regions of the cochlea to the cerebral cortex of the cat. Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital 71: 315-344, 1942. 2. Evans EF, Ross HF and Whitfield IC. The spatial distribution of unit characteristic frequency in the primar ...
... 1. Woolsey CN and Walzl EM. Topical projection of nerve fibers from local regions of the cochlea to the cerebral cortex of the cat. Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital 71: 315-344, 1942. 2. Evans EF, Ross HF and Whitfield IC. The spatial distribution of unit characteristic frequency in the primar ...
optical multistage interconnection networks
... then fire. It is important to note that a neuron fires only if the total signal received at the cell body exceeds a certain level. The neuron either fires or it does not, there are not different grades of firing. ...
... then fire. It is important to note that a neuron fires only if the total signal received at the cell body exceeds a certain level. The neuron either fires or it does not, there are not different grades of firing. ...
Can regenerating axons recapitulate developmental
... receptors ROBO1 and ROBO2 until they cross the midline. The more recently identified ROBO3 isoform has the distinct role of suppressing SLIT sensitivity until after axons have crossed the midline30. After crossing the midline, ROBO1 and ROBO2 surface expression is upregulated and ROBO3 expression is ...
... receptors ROBO1 and ROBO2 until they cross the midline. The more recently identified ROBO3 isoform has the distinct role of suppressing SLIT sensitivity until after axons have crossed the midline30. After crossing the midline, ROBO1 and ROBO2 surface expression is upregulated and ROBO3 expression is ...
Normalization as a canonical neural computation
... in the primary visual cortex 17–19. Similar computations20 had been proposed previously to explain light adaptation in the retina21–24, size invariance in the fly visual system25 and associative memory in the hippocampus26. Evidence that has accumulated since then suggests that normalization plays a ...
... in the primary visual cortex 17–19. Similar computations20 had been proposed previously to explain light adaptation in the retina21–24, size invariance in the fly visual system25 and associative memory in the hippocampus26. Evidence that has accumulated since then suggests that normalization plays a ...
Chapter 8: The Nervous System
... These chemicals diffuse across the synapse and initiate an action potential in the next neuron. 49. Describe how the spinal cord acts as a reflex center and a relay center. Ans: The gray matter of the spinal cord contains the sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons involved in spinal reflex ...
... These chemicals diffuse across the synapse and initiate an action potential in the next neuron. 49. Describe how the spinal cord acts as a reflex center and a relay center. Ans: The gray matter of the spinal cord contains the sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons involved in spinal reflex ...
Chapter 8: The Nervous System
... These chemicals diffuse across the synapse and initiate an action potential in the next neuron. 49. Describe how the spinal cord acts as a reflex center and a relay center. Ans: The gray matter of the spinal cord contains the sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons involved in spinal reflex ...
... These chemicals diffuse across the synapse and initiate an action potential in the next neuron. 49. Describe how the spinal cord acts as a reflex center and a relay center. Ans: The gray matter of the spinal cord contains the sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons involved in spinal reflex ...
Auditory physiology chapter
... Impedance consists of three distinct components: resistance, capacitive reactance (also known as compliant reactance), and mass reactance (also known as inductive reactance or inertive reactance). Resistance is simply the dissipation of energy due to friction. When the head of a thumb tack is rubbed ...
... Impedance consists of three distinct components: resistance, capacitive reactance (also known as compliant reactance), and mass reactance (also known as inductive reactance or inertive reactance). Resistance is simply the dissipation of energy due to friction. When the head of a thumb tack is rubbed ...
The Number of Cortical Neurons Used to See
... difficult to make specific links between human perception and particular neurons. My results set a substantial lower bound (50) on the number of cortical cells contributing to seeing. The results of this study are an important step toward unraveling how we use neurons to see. 1.1 Primary Visual Cort ...
... difficult to make specific links between human perception and particular neurons. My results set a substantial lower bound (50) on the number of cortical cells contributing to seeing. The results of this study are an important step toward unraveling how we use neurons to see. 1.1 Primary Visual Cort ...
Hypothalamus
... into the vasculature which is subsequently metabolized to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II has access to neurons in a region of the nervous system known as the subfornical organ (SFO) that lacks a blood–brain barrier. SFO neurons express angiotensin II receptors and also project to the magnocellular v ...
... into the vasculature which is subsequently metabolized to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II has access to neurons in a region of the nervous system known as the subfornical organ (SFO) that lacks a blood–brain barrier. SFO neurons express angiotensin II receptors and also project to the magnocellular v ...
Encoding of Action History in the Rat Ventral Striatum
... (257.6 ⫾ 4.5 s), and high peak-to-valley ratios (1.57 ⫾ 0.01). In contrast, the type 2 neurons (n ⫽ 40) had relatively high firing rates (26.3 ⫾ 2.1 and 27.9 ⫾ 1.9 Hz during resting and running periods, respectively), short spike durations (201.6 ⫾ 13.7 s), and low peak-to-valley ratios (1.39 ⫾ 0. ...
... (257.6 ⫾ 4.5 s), and high peak-to-valley ratios (1.57 ⫾ 0.01). In contrast, the type 2 neurons (n ⫽ 40) had relatively high firing rates (26.3 ⫾ 2.1 and 27.9 ⫾ 1.9 Hz during resting and running periods, respectively), short spike durations (201.6 ⫾ 13.7 s), and low peak-to-valley ratios (1.39 ⫾ 0. ...
Pacifier Use May Decrease the Risk of SIDS Abstract Introduction
... cage, which contains the spine, lungs, and heart. In a newborn, these structures weigh ~0.5 kg of 3-4 kg total weight. It is similar to an adult male of 80 kg that sleeps on his back with ~10 kg of weight on the rib cage. When the weight on the respiratory system is not supported by certain neurotra ...
... cage, which contains the spine, lungs, and heart. In a newborn, these structures weigh ~0.5 kg of 3-4 kg total weight. It is similar to an adult male of 80 kg that sleeps on his back with ~10 kg of weight on the rib cage. When the weight on the respiratory system is not supported by certain neurotra ...
Bounded Integration in Parietal Cortex Underlies
... environment; or, they may be required to postpone their behavioral response until it is solicited (see Fig. 1). Indeed, outside RT studies, such cases include most of the behavioral tasks that have been investigated by psychophysicists and neurophysiologists ...
... environment; or, they may be required to postpone their behavioral response until it is solicited (see Fig. 1). Indeed, outside RT studies, such cases include most of the behavioral tasks that have been investigated by psychophysicists and neurophysiologists ...
Disrupted small-world networks in schizophrenia
... The human brain has been described as a large, sparse, complex network characterized by efficient small-world properties, which assure that the brain generates and integrates information with high efficiency. Many previous neuroimaging studies have provided consistent evidence of ‘dysfunctional conn ...
... The human brain has been described as a large, sparse, complex network characterized by efficient small-world properties, which assure that the brain generates and integrates information with high efficiency. Many previous neuroimaging studies have provided consistent evidence of ‘dysfunctional conn ...
Primary afferent neurons of the gut
... afferent nerves by three distinct processes: Direct activation opening of ion channels present on the nerve terminals Sensitization 敏感化 occur in the absence of a direct stimulation results in afferent hyperexcitability to both chemical and mechanical stimuli ...
... afferent nerves by three distinct processes: Direct activation opening of ion channels present on the nerve terminals Sensitization 敏感化 occur in the absence of a direct stimulation results in afferent hyperexcitability to both chemical and mechanical stimuli ...
Interplay of environmental signals and progenitor diversity on fate
... or CCK, but have some overlap labeling with CR and CB. They emit axonal collaterals to the soma, perisomatic dendrites and axons of post-synaptic targets. Functionally, these neurons show low-input resistance and fast-spiking dynamics of non-accommodating short-duration action potentials that impart ...
... or CCK, but have some overlap labeling with CR and CB. They emit axonal collaterals to the soma, perisomatic dendrites and axons of post-synaptic targets. Functionally, these neurons show low-input resistance and fast-spiking dynamics of non-accommodating short-duration action potentials that impart ...
Musings on the Wanderer: What`s New in Our Understanding of
... (46) examined the terminal fields formed by regenerating axons and endings. These investigators reported marked differences in the regenerative capacities of the afferent and efferent arms of the vagus under the same surgical and maintenance conditions. It was demonstrated that, in the rat, vagal af ...
... (46) examined the terminal fields formed by regenerating axons and endings. These investigators reported marked differences in the regenerative capacities of the afferent and efferent arms of the vagus under the same surgical and maintenance conditions. It was demonstrated that, in the rat, vagal af ...
Nervous System PPT
... Afferent peripheral nerve system: sensory neurons that send info from receptors in the periphery of the body to the brain & spinal cord Efferent peripheral Nerve System: motor neurons send info from brain & spinal cord to muscles & glands ...
... Afferent peripheral nerve system: sensory neurons that send info from receptors in the periphery of the body to the brain & spinal cord Efferent peripheral Nerve System: motor neurons send info from brain & spinal cord to muscles & glands ...