Inter-regional Contribution of Enhanced Activity of the Primary
... Multiple cortical areas are involved in pain processing, including the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Although accumulations of evidence suggest that the S1 activity increases under chronic pain conditions, whether plastic change occurs or not within the S ...
... Multiple cortical areas are involved in pain processing, including the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Although accumulations of evidence suggest that the S1 activity increases under chronic pain conditions, whether plastic change occurs or not within the S ...
Pacemaker Potentials for the Periodic Burst Discharge in the Heart
... the preceding paper (Watanabe, Obara, Akiyama, and Yumoto, 1967). The method of recording is also similar to that in the preceding paper. Various authors disagree on the location of the pacemaker in the Squilla heart ganglion. Irisawa and Irisawa (1957) state, based on transection experiments, that ...
... the preceding paper (Watanabe, Obara, Akiyama, and Yumoto, 1967). The method of recording is also similar to that in the preceding paper. Various authors disagree on the location of the pacemaker in the Squilla heart ganglion. Irisawa and Irisawa (1957) state, based on transection experiments, that ...
Auditory Brain Development in Children With Hearing Loss– Part One
... and where auditory objects are represented in the brain. DeFigure 3, a broad area of activation was seen in the auditory riving higher-order meaning from the sound we hear is cerareas of the brain. Specifically, activity in response to auditory tainly a complex process. “Fundamentally, everything th ...
... and where auditory objects are represented in the brain. DeFigure 3, a broad area of activation was seen in the auditory riving higher-order meaning from the sound we hear is cerareas of the brain. Specifically, activity in response to auditory tainly a complex process. “Fundamentally, everything th ...
FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY OF SPINAL CORD LEARNING
... Carries pain and temperature sensations which are transmitted in fast conducting delta A type and slow C type fibres. Posterior root ganglion → Tip of posterior gray column → Posteriolateral tract of Lissauer → Synapse in posterior column. Second order neuron axon cross obliquely to opposite side in ...
... Carries pain and temperature sensations which are transmitted in fast conducting delta A type and slow C type fibres. Posterior root ganglion → Tip of posterior gray column → Posteriolateral tract of Lissauer → Synapse in posterior column. Second order neuron axon cross obliquely to opposite side in ...
FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY OF SPINAL CORD LEARNING
... Carries pain and temperature sensations which are transmitted in fast conducting delta A type and slow C type fibres. Posterior root ganglion → Tip of posterior gray column → Posteriolateral tract of Lissauer → Synapse in posterior column. Second order neuron axon cross obliquely to opposite side in ...
... Carries pain and temperature sensations which are transmitted in fast conducting delta A type and slow C type fibres. Posterior root ganglion → Tip of posterior gray column → Posteriolateral tract of Lissauer → Synapse in posterior column. Second order neuron axon cross obliquely to opposite side in ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... ANS helps maintain homeostasis through the involuntary activity of autonomic reflexes or visceral reflexes. Consist of smooth muscle contractions, cardiac muscle contractions, or secretion by glands that are mediated by autonomic reflex arcs in response to a specific stimulus. Example: micturition ...
... ANS helps maintain homeostasis through the involuntary activity of autonomic reflexes or visceral reflexes. Consist of smooth muscle contractions, cardiac muscle contractions, or secretion by glands that are mediated by autonomic reflex arcs in response to a specific stimulus. Example: micturition ...
The Motor System of the Cortex and the Brain Stem
... neurons during the previous decades, i.e., a kind of metabolic exhaustion that leads to an inability to regenerate new axon sprouts to replace degenerated ones. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In ALS, also called Lou Gehrig's disease, there is slow degeneration of alpha-motor neurons in the spinal co ...
... neurons during the previous decades, i.e., a kind of metabolic exhaustion that leads to an inability to regenerate new axon sprouts to replace degenerated ones. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In ALS, also called Lou Gehrig's disease, there is slow degeneration of alpha-motor neurons in the spinal co ...
Axo-axonic synapses formed by somatostatin
... In cerebral cortex of rat and monkey, the neuropeptide somatostatin (SOM) marks a population of nonpyramidal cells (McDonald et al. [1982] J. Neurocytol. 11:809 – 824; Hendry et al. [1984] J. Neurosci. 4:2497:2517; Laemle and Feldman [1985] J. Comp. Neurol. 233:452– 462; Meineke and Peters [1986] J. ...
... In cerebral cortex of rat and monkey, the neuropeptide somatostatin (SOM) marks a population of nonpyramidal cells (McDonald et al. [1982] J. Neurocytol. 11:809 – 824; Hendry et al. [1984] J. Neurosci. 4:2497:2517; Laemle and Feldman [1985] J. Comp. Neurol. 233:452– 462; Meineke and Peters [1986] J. ...
Bioelectric Phenomena
... use in transferring and storing information, while much engineering interest involves the neuron’s use as a template in computer architecture and neural networks. New developments in brain-machine interfacing make understanding the neuron even more important today (see [4] and [1] for additional inf ...
... use in transferring and storing information, while much engineering interest involves the neuron’s use as a template in computer architecture and neural networks. New developments in brain-machine interfacing make understanding the neuron even more important today (see [4] and [1] for additional inf ...
Vesicular glutamate transporter 3
... ter of serotonergic neurons, whereas the DRDSh consists of scattered serotonergic neurons in the surrounding regions (Abrams et al., 2005; Lowry et al., 2008). The rat DR has, however, been indicated to contain a substantial number of nonserotonergic neurons (Descarries et al., 1982). Numerous studi ...
... ter of serotonergic neurons, whereas the DRDSh consists of scattered serotonergic neurons in the surrounding regions (Abrams et al., 2005; Lowry et al., 2008). The rat DR has, however, been indicated to contain a substantial number of nonserotonergic neurons (Descarries et al., 1982). Numerous studi ...
A Neurodynamical cortical model of visual attention and
... short term are statistically likely to be about the same object. This kind of hierarchical feature analysis system has the capability of representing the spatial relations between features, by incorporating fixed (non-dynamic) feature combination neurons which respond to a combination of a small numb ...
... short term are statistically likely to be about the same object. This kind of hierarchical feature analysis system has the capability of representing the spatial relations between features, by incorporating fixed (non-dynamic) feature combination neurons which respond to a combination of a small numb ...
Tsutsui (2004) Neural mechanisms of three
... disparity, as well as various monocular cues including texture gradients—and then the information from these different depth cues is integrated to construct a generalized representation of the 3D surface geometry. Neurons involved in low-level disparity processing, or the detection of local absolute ...
... disparity, as well as various monocular cues including texture gradients—and then the information from these different depth cues is integrated to construct a generalized representation of the 3D surface geometry. Neurons involved in low-level disparity processing, or the detection of local absolute ...
Swallowing reflex and brain stem neurons activated by superior
... Burlingame, CA) for another 2 h. Immunoreactivity was revealed using a peroxidase substrate kit (diaminobenzidine, DAB; Vector Laboratory). We distinguished c-fos and ChAT immunoreactivities by the location of the immunoreactive products. c-fos stained the cell nucleus, whereas ChAT stained the cell ...
... Burlingame, CA) for another 2 h. Immunoreactivity was revealed using a peroxidase substrate kit (diaminobenzidine, DAB; Vector Laboratory). We distinguished c-fos and ChAT immunoreactivities by the location of the immunoreactive products. c-fos stained the cell nucleus, whereas ChAT stained the cell ...
Reward and Aversion
... (DA) was once considered almost synonymous with reward, but investigation of exactly which of the above components DA signals has just started. Furthermore, the field has begun to appreciate the huge degree of heterogeneity in the reward system in terms of functionality, cell composition, transmitte ...
... (DA) was once considered almost synonymous with reward, but investigation of exactly which of the above components DA signals has just started. Furthermore, the field has begun to appreciate the huge degree of heterogeneity in the reward system in terms of functionality, cell composition, transmitte ...
(2006) A cognitive signal for the proactive timing of action in
... LIP cells with regression slopes near 1 also tended to have higher activity in the proactive blocks than in the reaction block, as expected (correlation analysis between the modulation index calculated in Fig. 3f and the regression slope, r ¼ 0.56, F62,62 ¼ 3.51, P ¼ 1.8 10–6; Fig. 5a). Furthermor ...
... LIP cells with regression slopes near 1 also tended to have higher activity in the proactive blocks than in the reaction block, as expected (correlation analysis between the modulation index calculated in Fig. 3f and the regression slope, r ¼ 0.56, F62,62 ¼ 3.51, P ¼ 1.8 10–6; Fig. 5a). Furthermor ...
Model of autism: increased ratio of excitationinhibition in key neural
... maps and the response specificity of neurons in A1 are not altered by unattended ambient auditory information. Formation of the critical period-shaped auditory processing then serves as a substrate on which higher order processes can generate more complex auditory processing steps. At these later st ...
... maps and the response specificity of neurons in A1 are not altered by unattended ambient auditory information. Formation of the critical period-shaped auditory processing then serves as a substrate on which higher order processes can generate more complex auditory processing steps. At these later st ...
Neurosurgery: Functional Regeneration after Laser Axotomy
... Supplementary Figure 1: Experimental set-up for femtosecond laser axotomy. A tunable TiSapphire mode-locked laser (Coherent, “Mira 900”) produces 200 fs short pulses with a repetition rate of 76 MHz and 5 nJ energy. For axotomy, a regenerative amplifier (Positive Light, “Spitfire”) seeded by the Ti ...
... Supplementary Figure 1: Experimental set-up for femtosecond laser axotomy. A tunable TiSapphire mode-locked laser (Coherent, “Mira 900”) produces 200 fs short pulses with a repetition rate of 76 MHz and 5 nJ energy. For axotomy, a regenerative amplifier (Positive Light, “Spitfire”) seeded by the Ti ...
Learning Innate Face Preferences
... The LSM is only a high-level abstraction of the properties of the early visual system. Sensory models extend the LSM to include additional constraints and circuitry, but without adding faceselective visual regions or systems. Acerra et al. (2002) recently developed such a computational model that ca ...
... The LSM is only a high-level abstraction of the properties of the early visual system. Sensory models extend the LSM to include additional constraints and circuitry, but without adding faceselective visual regions or systems. Acerra et al. (2002) recently developed such a computational model that ca ...
Document
... • Autonomic ganglia do contain synapses, and the ganglion cells within them do have dendrites. They receive synapses from the first neurone of the two-neurone chain, which characterises most of the efferent connections of the autonomic nervous system. The second neurone is the ganglion cell itself. ...
... • Autonomic ganglia do contain synapses, and the ganglion cells within them do have dendrites. They receive synapses from the first neurone of the two-neurone chain, which characterises most of the efferent connections of the autonomic nervous system. The second neurone is the ganglion cell itself. ...
different sensory modalities
... • there are many areas in the brain in which multiple sensory afferents converge • there are colliculus neurons that respond vigorously to low intensity auditory stimulus, but if the animal can’t see the visual stimulus the response is suppressed • the colliculus is an apt structure to study interac ...
... • there are many areas in the brain in which multiple sensory afferents converge • there are colliculus neurons that respond vigorously to low intensity auditory stimulus, but if the animal can’t see the visual stimulus the response is suppressed • the colliculus is an apt structure to study interac ...
Nothing can be coincidence: synaptic inhibition and plasticity in the
... the cerebellar cortex’ and ‘exert a powerful inhibitory control on their targets’, cerebellar nuclear neurons have been the focus of far fewer studies, and exploration of their properties at the cellular level is only beginning to become widespread. Recent work has demonstrated that these neurons an ...
... the cerebellar cortex’ and ‘exert a powerful inhibitory control on their targets’, cerebellar nuclear neurons have been the focus of far fewer studies, and exploration of their properties at the cellular level is only beginning to become widespread. Recent work has demonstrated that these neurons an ...
ARTICLES
... direct or indirect involvement in signaling. To evaluate the importance of the cytoplasmic domain, we reasoned that a truncated form of LINGO-1 deleted for this region might function as a dominant negative by forming an unproductive complex with NgR1 and p75 which would be incapable of signaling. To ...
... direct or indirect involvement in signaling. To evaluate the importance of the cytoplasmic domain, we reasoned that a truncated form of LINGO-1 deleted for this region might function as a dominant negative by forming an unproductive complex with NgR1 and p75 which would be incapable of signaling. To ...
Natural Stimulation of the Nonclassical Receptive Field Increases
... a saccadic scan path (white line) is generated using a model derived from previously recorded eye movements. Image patches centered on the scan path coordinates (white circles) are then extracted from the underlying image. Image patches were from one to four times the size of the CRF. (The small cir ...
... a saccadic scan path (white line) is generated using a model derived from previously recorded eye movements. Image patches centered on the scan path coordinates (white circles) are then extracted from the underlying image. Image patches were from one to four times the size of the CRF. (The small cir ...
Introduction to Psychology
... person to your right. When that person notices this “message,” he or she would squirt the left hand of the person to the right, and so on. When chemical molecules cross over a synapse, they attach to special receiving areas on the next neuron ( Figure 2.5). These tiny receptor sites on the cell memb ...
... person to your right. When that person notices this “message,” he or she would squirt the left hand of the person to the right, and so on. When chemical molecules cross over a synapse, they attach to special receiving areas on the next neuron ( Figure 2.5). These tiny receptor sites on the cell memb ...