Spike-based Winner-Take-All Computation in a Multi
... The asynchronous and time-continuous computation that takes place in biological systems is of great interest because of the capability of these systems to interact with the real-world. In this work we explore such computation in the spike-based winner-take-all network, by developing a theoretical mo ...
... The asynchronous and time-continuous computation that takes place in biological systems is of great interest because of the capability of these systems to interact with the real-world. In this work we explore such computation in the spike-based winner-take-all network, by developing a theoretical mo ...
the resonate-and-fire neuron: time dependent and frequency
... main conducting unit of a neuron and it conveys information to other neurons (postsynaptic neurons) by propagating action potentials. Unlike the attenuated signals that traverse the dendritic tree, the action potential is not attenuated as it traverses the axon. Underlying the mechanism of action po ...
... main conducting unit of a neuron and it conveys information to other neurons (postsynaptic neurons) by propagating action potentials. Unlike the attenuated signals that traverse the dendritic tree, the action potential is not attenuated as it traverses the axon. Underlying the mechanism of action po ...
Cholinergic Cells and Pathways
... C). Then an immunocytochemical method was developed for detection of ACh (Geffard et al., 1985); of course, this technique would be most useful in definitive identification of cholinergic neurons and pathways, but there was no follow-up with regard to its employment. Subsequently a number of chemical ...
... C). Then an immunocytochemical method was developed for detection of ACh (Geffard et al., 1985); of course, this technique would be most useful in definitive identification of cholinergic neurons and pathways, but there was no follow-up with regard to its employment. Subsequently a number of chemical ...
Novelty exploration training tasks - Repositório da Universidade de
... Hence, with this exploratory work we unravelled the putative contribution of areas of the midbrain and pontine central autonomic network for the etiology of neurogenic hypertension and provide clues to possible future therapeutic interventions to control sympathoexcitation. ...
... Hence, with this exploratory work we unravelled the putative contribution of areas of the midbrain and pontine central autonomic network for the etiology of neurogenic hypertension and provide clues to possible future therapeutic interventions to control sympathoexcitation. ...
... A simple means to begin mapping these other autoantigens in the CNS is to use patient-derived sera as primary antisera upon tissue sections. This approach has been used to demonstrate brain-directed autoantibodies in sera from patients with paraneoplastic neurological diseases [13], Stiff Person Syn ...
Processing of Interaural Intensity Differences in the LSO: Role of
... excitatory input has a lower threshold than the inhibitory input. However, because the excitatory input has a lower threshold, it would be stronger and arrive earlier than the inhibitory input when the intensities at the two ears are equal. Thus, to match the strengths and timing of the two inputs, ...
... excitatory input has a lower threshold than the inhibitory input. However, because the excitatory input has a lower threshold, it would be stronger and arrive earlier than the inhibitory input when the intensities at the two ears are equal. Thus, to match the strengths and timing of the two inputs, ...
The supramammillary area: its organization, functions
... Our specific link with the hippocampus is made by the fact that SuM has recently been shown to contain cells that can control plasticity in the hippocampus via monosynaptic input. It also contains other cells that control the frequency of the rhythmic phasic firing of hippocampal cells (theta activi ...
... Our specific link with the hippocampus is made by the fact that SuM has recently been shown to contain cells that can control plasticity in the hippocampus via monosynaptic input. It also contains other cells that control the frequency of the rhythmic phasic firing of hippocampal cells (theta activi ...
The role of the cerebellum in classical conditioning of
... (US). Most of the data that have been collected over the years are from studies of eyeblink conditioning; hence we focus on that response system here. To the extent tested, the cerebellum is involved in the same way for all striated muscle responses learned to deal with an aversive US (e.g. forelimb ...
... (US). Most of the data that have been collected over the years are from studies of eyeblink conditioning; hence we focus on that response system here. To the extent tested, the cerebellum is involved in the same way for all striated muscle responses learned to deal with an aversive US (e.g. forelimb ...
Selective attention through selective neuronal synchronization
... Selective synchronization and selective attentional processing 1c). Consistent with this hypothesis, the interaction pattern of one neuronal group (A) with two other groups (B and C) can be predicted by their pattern of precise synchronization (Figure 1c). This has recently been demonstrated for in ...
... Selective synchronization and selective attentional processing 1c). Consistent with this hypothesis, the interaction pattern of one neuronal group (A) with two other groups (B and C) can be predicted by their pattern of precise synchronization (Figure 1c). This has recently been demonstrated for in ...
Chapter 02: Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature
... Topic: Genetics and Inheritance Skill: Factual Objective: 2.1 Answer: b. 21st 21. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Down syndrome? a. reliance on others to meet one’s basic needs b. mental retardation c. behavior that is modifiable through training d. an extra chromosome in the 23rd ...
... Topic: Genetics and Inheritance Skill: Factual Objective: 2.1 Answer: b. 21st 21. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Down syndrome? a. reliance on others to meet one’s basic needs b. mental retardation c. behavior that is modifiable through training d. an extra chromosome in the 23rd ...
Dateien anzeigen - Universität Düsseldorf
... NBs delaminate from the ventral neuroectoderm into the interior of the embryo and lie beneath the epithelial layer, where they start mitosis. The mitotic spindle rotates by 90 degrees in mitotic NBs and aligns parallel to the apical-basal axis in metaphase (Kaltschmidt et al., 2000; Kraut et al., 19 ...
... NBs delaminate from the ventral neuroectoderm into the interior of the embryo and lie beneath the epithelial layer, where they start mitosis. The mitotic spindle rotates by 90 degrees in mitotic NBs and aligns parallel to the apical-basal axis in metaphase (Kaltschmidt et al., 2000; Kraut et al., 19 ...
Time Course and Time–Distance Relationships for Surround
... To test the dependence of surround suppression on the distance of the surround stimulus from the CRF, we designed a second, simpler experiment that allowed us to focus on the timing of the onset of suppression. In this experiment, the optimal drifting grating for the CRF appeared on a mean gray back ...
... To test the dependence of surround suppression on the distance of the surround stimulus from the CRF, we designed a second, simpler experiment that allowed us to focus on the timing of the onset of suppression. In this experiment, the optimal drifting grating for the CRF appeared on a mean gray back ...
Serum kisspeptin levels across different phases of the menstrual
... expression were found in diet-induced obese experimental rats compared with controls.16 Serum concentrations of kisspeptin and oestradiol both increased statistically significantly in the preovulatory phase when compared with the early follicular phase (table 1). Hence, our study indicates that as t ...
... expression were found in diet-induced obese experimental rats compared with controls.16 Serum concentrations of kisspeptin and oestradiol both increased statistically significantly in the preovulatory phase when compared with the early follicular phase (table 1). Hence, our study indicates that as t ...
Mirror Neuron System in Monkey: A Computational Modeling
... Figure 2. AIP extracts the affordances and F5 selects the appropriate grasp from the AIP ‘menu’. Various biases are sent to F5 by Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) which relies on the recognition of the object by Inferotemporal Cortex (IT). The dorsal stream through AIP to F5 is replicated in the current vers ...
... Figure 2. AIP extracts the affordances and F5 selects the appropriate grasp from the AIP ‘menu’. Various biases are sent to F5 by Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) which relies on the recognition of the object by Inferotemporal Cortex (IT). The dorsal stream through AIP to F5 is replicated in the current vers ...
Functional Organization of the Gustatory System in the Brains of
... encouraging me in my exploration■of the complexities of the vertebrate central nervous system by means of electrophysiological techniques. ...
... encouraging me in my exploration■of the complexities of the vertebrate central nervous system by means of electrophysiological techniques. ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1)
... 27. The charge that a neuron at rest maintains is due to the presence of a high number of _________ charged ions inside the neuron’s membrane. a) actively b) passively c) negatively Correct. Negatively charged ions inside the neuron’s membrane are what give rise to a negative resting potential. d) p ...
... 27. The charge that a neuron at rest maintains is due to the presence of a high number of _________ charged ions inside the neuron’s membrane. a) actively b) passively c) negatively Correct. Negatively charged ions inside the neuron’s membrane are what give rise to a negative resting potential. d) p ...
Afferent Fiber Remodeling in the Somatosensory Thalamus of Mice
... recruited onto a V2 VPM neuron [infraorbital nerve cut (IONC) model; Takeuchi et al., 2012]. Together with evidence accumulated in in vivo studies, we hypothesized that newly recruited lemniscal fibers originate from different sources, other than the whisker sensory principle trigeminal nucleus (PrV ...
... recruited onto a V2 VPM neuron [infraorbital nerve cut (IONC) model; Takeuchi et al., 2012]. Together with evidence accumulated in in vivo studies, we hypothesized that newly recruited lemniscal fibers originate from different sources, other than the whisker sensory principle trigeminal nucleus (PrV ...
Molecular evolution before the origin of species
... polyanionic quaternary residue sequences. The ‘before and after’ order of codon sets assigned to 11 distinct precursor/product amino acid pairs revealed that 5 transitions emanated from the NAN set, with no back transitions. They were accordingly identified as the earliest set of codons in the code ( ...
... polyanionic quaternary residue sequences. The ‘before and after’ order of codon sets assigned to 11 distinct precursor/product amino acid pairs revealed that 5 transitions emanated from the NAN set, with no back transitions. They were accordingly identified as the earliest set of codons in the code ( ...
Distinct roles of DNMT1-dependent and DNMT1
... landscape in the genome prior to implantation. Afterward, DNMT1 ensures the faithful copying of CG methylation from parental to daughter strand at replication forks [1, 2]. However, this ‘two-step’ model is based on limited data and new observations, such as CHH (H = A, T, and C) methylation, do not ...
... landscape in the genome prior to implantation. Afterward, DNMT1 ensures the faithful copying of CG methylation from parental to daughter strand at replication forks [1, 2]. However, this ‘two-step’ model is based on limited data and new observations, such as CHH (H = A, T, and C) methylation, do not ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.