• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Frontiers in , Ph.D. Pharmacology Proudly Presents
Frontiers in , Ph.D. Pharmacology Proudly Presents

... The electrical properties of neurons depend not only on the types of ion channels and receptors expressed, but also on the location of these channels in the cell membrane. Two extreme examples that illustrate the subcellular polarized nature of neurons and the tight regulation of ion channel localiz ...
Eye research part of a bigger picture (PDF File 1.7 MB)
Eye research part of a bigger picture (PDF File 1.7 MB)

... inform future research, providing invaluable information for strategies aimed at restoring vision to vision-impaired patients by replicating normal retinal function. ...
3/26
3/26

... to determine an appropriate response. CB 48.3 ...
Mind, Brain & Behavior
Mind, Brain & Behavior

... Interaction between these proteins results in receptor formation. ...
Structural arrangement of the nervous sytem. Blood-brain
Structural arrangement of the nervous sytem. Blood-brain

...  transport of trophic and other signalling molecules from the periphery to the neuronal body  some neurotropic viruses such as poliomyelitis, herpes, and rabies and neurotoxins enter peripheral nerve endings and ascend to infect the cell body via retrograde transport ...
NATURAL PRODUCT EXTRACTS TO PROTECT
NATURAL PRODUCT EXTRACTS TO PROTECT

... rotenone  (relevant  to  Parkinson’s  disease)  and  thapsigargin  (which  increases  cellular  calcium  content   that  causes  death  to  neurons  relevant  to  most  neurological  injuries).  These  results  invite  the  promise  of   new ...
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive Psychology

... Depolarization of the AP • As opposed to the nongated ion channels discussed so far, action potentials are driven by gated channels that open in response to high voltage levels (the threshold). • In particular, gated Na+ channels are opened by membrane depolarization, which allows Na+ into the cell ...
Slide ()
Slide ()

... levels of the thoracic spinal cord. Axons that arise from rostrally located thoracic neurons innervate superior cervical ganglion neurons that project to rostral targets, including the eye muscles. Axons that arise from neurons at caudal levels of the thoracic spinal cord innervate ganglion neurons ...
big
big

Abstract View ; The Salk Inst, San Diego, CA, USA
Abstract View ; The Salk Inst, San Diego, CA, USA

... Looming is an apparent increase in the size of an approaching or receding object and can be used to assess changes in the distance between an observer and object. Intracellular recordings of identified neurons in the visual system of Manduca sexta (Sphingidae, Lepidoptera) reveal two cell classes th ...
Supporting Cells of the Nervous System
Supporting Cells of the Nervous System

... Schwann cells structure: • They do all this by making a myelin sheath around many of the neuron processes in the PNS. They wrap themselves very tightly around the process of a neuron. • The cytoplasm and nucleus is squeezed to the surface of the wrapping called the neurolemma. • The layer that lies ...
Lund University Publications
Lund University Publications

... high temporal manner (2). Further molecular modifications of the gene encoding the ChR2 protein have generated variants with improved functionality, including faster deactivating kinetics and long‐lasting activation (3,4). ...
Optogenetics 3.0 Please share
Optogenetics 3.0 Please share

... with a good collection of transcriptional promoters, such as mice and fruit flies, targeting a subpopulation of cells within a genetically and anatomically “homogeneous” cell population is a challenge. To address these issues, the authors resorted to trans-synaptic trafficking. They used two viruses ...
Abstract
Abstract

... sleeping for a while, we can wake up naturally. However, the mechanism regulating sleep/wakefulness cycle has not been completely understood so far, while it appears to be regulated by neurons in the hypothalamus. Orexin, also called hypocretin is a neuropeptide recently identified as a natural liga ...
CS 256: Neural Computation Lecture Notes
CS 256: Neural Computation Lecture Notes

SM 11.04.12 - Premio principe asturias
SM 11.04.12 - Premio principe asturias

... The jury for this prestigious award recently announced in Oviedo, Spain that this year the prize for Technical and Scientific Research would be awarded to three distinguished researchers in the field of neuroscience: Giacomo Rizzolati of Italy, Joseph Altman of the U.S., and Arturo Alvarez-Buylla Ro ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... Answer the following and place into ...
Nociceptive sensation. Somatic sensory analyzer
Nociceptive sensation. Somatic sensory analyzer

... level in plasma, activation of hemostasis. • It considered to cause the majority of both visceral and biochemical reactions by excitation of sympathetic nervous system, which is presented by neurons of hypothalamus, hypophisis and cells in medullar substance of adrenal glands. ...
Ch. 48-49 Nervous System 9e S13
Ch. 48-49 Nervous System 9e S13

... axons: transmit messages away to other cells myelin sheath: fatty insulation covering axon, speeds up nerve impulses • synapse: junction between 2 neurons • neurotransmitter: chemical messengers sent across synapse • Glia: cells that support neurons – Eg. Schwann cells (forms myelin sheath) ...
The Neuron
The Neuron

... differ somewhat between the central and peripheral nervous system, which we will touch on below. One of the major functions of supporting cells is to transfer nutrients in the blood from the capillaries surrounding the nervous system to the nerve cells, so, in some sense, they serve to "feed" the ne ...
Stimulus space topology and geometry from neural activity
Stimulus space topology and geometry from neural activity

Generally Physiological - The Journal of General Physiology
Generally Physiological - The Journal of General Physiology

... encoding GR28B(D), whereas inhib­ iting release from AC neurons or loss-of-function mutation of TrpA1 did not. HC-specific expression of GR28B(D) rescued rapid negative ther­motaxis with the Gr28b mutant, and its ectopic expression in various cell types yielded temperature-sensi­ tive currents and c ...
Document
Document

... “When an axon of cell A is near enough to excite cell B and repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or both cells such that A’s efficiency, as one of the cells firing B, is increased.” From the “Organization of Behavior” by D. O. ...
File
File

... and metabolism within nerve cells Neurons: Cells responsible for conducting electrochemical messages throughout the body ...
1-The cell body
1-The cell body

... called synapses. 3-The axon (Gr. axon, axis), which is a single long process ending at synapses specialized to generate and conduct nerve impulses to other cells (nerve, muscle, and gland cells). Axons may also receive information from other neurons, information that mainly modifies the transmission ...
< 1 ... 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 ... 420 >

Channelrhodopsin



Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report