Psychology`s biological roots: neurons and neural communication
... messages from other neurons These can be excitatory, prompting the neuron to fire off its own message, or inhibitory, decreasing the probability that the neuron will fire The power to restrain is just as crucial as important as the power to engage in action ...
... messages from other neurons These can be excitatory, prompting the neuron to fire off its own message, or inhibitory, decreasing the probability that the neuron will fire The power to restrain is just as crucial as important as the power to engage in action ...
Document
... Axons of sensory neurons enter the dorsal surface of the spinal cord and form the dorsal root of the spinal nerve. Motor axons leave from the ventral surface and form the ventral root of the spinal cord. – Cell bodies of sensory neurons are grouped together outside each level of the spinal cord in d ...
... Axons of sensory neurons enter the dorsal surface of the spinal cord and form the dorsal root of the spinal nerve. Motor axons leave from the ventral surface and form the ventral root of the spinal cord. – Cell bodies of sensory neurons are grouped together outside each level of the spinal cord in d ...
Presentation
... Extra-cellular recordings Separate the recorded signal into different components. High frequencies (>500 Hz): ...
... Extra-cellular recordings Separate the recorded signal into different components. High frequencies (>500 Hz): ...
Central nervous system (CNS)
... Spinal cord: Part of the CNS and is the size of your thumb and surrounded by vertebrae. ...
... Spinal cord: Part of the CNS and is the size of your thumb and surrounded by vertebrae. ...
ILGA_overview_11-16-09
... reciprocally connected with area F5 (Matelli et al., 1985; mortor dominant neurons (40%) discharge equally well if the grasping movement is made either in the light, or in the dark. These cells are referred to as (Taira et al., 1990). – 50% of neurons fired almost exclusively during one type of ...
... reciprocally connected with area F5 (Matelli et al., 1985; mortor dominant neurons (40%) discharge equally well if the grasping movement is made either in the light, or in the dark. These cells are referred to as (Taira et al., 1990). – 50% of neurons fired almost exclusively during one type of ...
51_Shreyas_Nanoscale 2015
... last decade, optogenetic approaches have been successfully utilized to explore numerous neural states and disorders including fear, anxiety, addiction, reward-seeking behavior, autism and Parkinson’s disease.4 While it has facilitated novel investigations that were previously infeasible, the efficient ...
... last decade, optogenetic approaches have been successfully utilized to explore numerous neural states and disorders including fear, anxiety, addiction, reward-seeking behavior, autism and Parkinson’s disease.4 While it has facilitated novel investigations that were previously infeasible, the efficient ...
The Mirror Mechanism: A Mechanism for Understanding Others
... the mirror mechanism in social cognition. I will discuss this issue and will show that, although there are several mechanisms through which one can understand the behaviour of others, the parieto-frontal mechanism is the only one that allows understanding others’ actions from the inside giving the o ...
... the mirror mechanism in social cognition. I will discuss this issue and will show that, although there are several mechanisms through which one can understand the behaviour of others, the parieto-frontal mechanism is the only one that allows understanding others’ actions from the inside giving the o ...
The Nervous System
... • Recall the definition of VM from the muscle lectures. • Neurons are also highly polarized (w/ a VM of about –70mV) due to: » Differential membrane permeability to K+ and Na+ » The electrogenic nature of the Na+/K+ pump » The presence of intracellular impermeable anions ...
... • Recall the definition of VM from the muscle lectures. • Neurons are also highly polarized (w/ a VM of about –70mV) due to: » Differential membrane permeability to K+ and Na+ » The electrogenic nature of the Na+/K+ pump » The presence of intracellular impermeable anions ...
Evolving Virtual Creatures
... Joint-type Joint-limits Recursive-limit Neurons Connections • Child Node • Position • Orientation ...
... Joint-type Joint-limits Recursive-limit Neurons Connections • Child Node • Position • Orientation ...
Abstract Browser - The Journal of Neuroscience
... National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that regulates synaptic function and plasticity and plays important roles in neuronal development, survival, and brain disorders. Despite such diverse and impo ...
... National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that regulates synaptic function and plasticity and plays important roles in neuronal development, survival, and brain disorders. Despite such diverse and impo ...
neurons
... trigger more neurons to fire, and to fire more often, but it does not affect the action potentials strength or speed. Intensity of an action potential remains the same throughout the length of the axon. ...
... trigger more neurons to fire, and to fire more often, but it does not affect the action potentials strength or speed. Intensity of an action potential remains the same throughout the length of the axon. ...
Lecture 5 Sensory and Motor Systems
... 380-760 nm range, which corresponds to peaks of solar radiation. – Insects can see UV. – Snakes can see IR (heat). – Polarized vision in some ...
... 380-760 nm range, which corresponds to peaks of solar radiation. – Insects can see UV. – Snakes can see IR (heat). – Polarized vision in some ...
Making the retina approachable
... which is quite challenging in the small cells of the vertebrate retina. Graded hyperpolarizations in response to illumination— the so-called S-potentials— had been described much earlier in intracellular recordings from the retina by Svaetichin (6). However, a great deal of confusion reigned about t ...
... which is quite challenging in the small cells of the vertebrate retina. Graded hyperpolarizations in response to illumination— the so-called S-potentials— had been described much earlier in intracellular recordings from the retina by Svaetichin (6). However, a great deal of confusion reigned about t ...
Cell types: Muscle cell Adipocyte Liver cell Pancreatic cell Example
... millisecond, then the membrane potential is rapidly restored to its resting negative value (repolarization). These events are controlled by the brief opening and closing of a transient, voltageactivated sodium channel and then the opening of the delayed rectifyer potassium channel and later other p ...
... millisecond, then the membrane potential is rapidly restored to its resting negative value (repolarization). These events are controlled by the brief opening and closing of a transient, voltageactivated sodium channel and then the opening of the delayed rectifyer potassium channel and later other p ...
Imaging a Moving Target - Applied Scientific Instrumentation
... To record the overall behavior of the worm, wide-field images are taken from above using a spotting camera for epiillumination at a wavelength well separated from those used for calcium imaging. The video streams from the two cameras are synchronized to provide simultaneous records of neuronal activ ...
... To record the overall behavior of the worm, wide-field images are taken from above using a spotting camera for epiillumination at a wavelength well separated from those used for calcium imaging. The video streams from the two cameras are synchronized to provide simultaneous records of neuronal activ ...
Bio 3411 Problem Set 9 Name: (Due Monday, November 28th 2011
... only permeable to Na+ and K+. Given that EK is -100mV and ENa is +100mV, which ion does the channel have a greater conductance for? (.5) ...
... only permeable to Na+ and K+. Given that EK is -100mV and ENa is +100mV, which ion does the channel have a greater conductance for? (.5) ...
No Slide Title
... What properties make some cells electrically excitable? Cells such as muscle and nerve cells have >#... ...
... What properties make some cells electrically excitable? Cells such as muscle and nerve cells have >#... ...
Larry M. Jordan, Urszula Sławińska
... amino acid, or EAA) input to RS neurons, and PPN also produces RS activation due to a cholinergic (acetylcholine, or ACh) projection. There is a newly described orexinergic input to neurons of the CN for initiation of locomotion. Another putative component of the MLR is the A7 noradrenergic group of ...
... amino acid, or EAA) input to RS neurons, and PPN also produces RS activation due to a cholinergic (acetylcholine, or ACh) projection. There is a newly described orexinergic input to neurons of the CN for initiation of locomotion. Another putative component of the MLR is the A7 noradrenergic group of ...
Document
... – 1954 – initially prescribed in adults for depression and narcolepsy stimulant – 1960 – prescribed to children with ADD, ADHD - depressant – Reason?? Might be due to an imbalance in dopamine – Binds both dopamine and norepinephine transporters and inhibits their ability to take these NTs back up (k ...
... – 1954 – initially prescribed in adults for depression and narcolepsy stimulant – 1960 – prescribed to children with ADD, ADHD - depressant – Reason?? Might be due to an imbalance in dopamine – Binds both dopamine and norepinephine transporters and inhibits their ability to take these NTs back up (k ...
ocular manifestations of impending stroke
... An ischemic event that results in permanent dysfunction ...
... An ischemic event that results in permanent dysfunction ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.