ring current - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
... TO PLASMA SHEET Solar wind particles find their way from the magnetosheath into the cusp region. There is experimental evidence for this entry, in that particles with characteristic "magnetosheath energy" (i.e., less than 1 keV) have been observed over a limited region centered around 77° magnetic l ...
... TO PLASMA SHEET Solar wind particles find their way from the magnetosheath into the cusp region. There is experimental evidence for this entry, in that particles with characteristic "magnetosheath energy" (i.e., less than 1 keV) have been observed over a limited region centered around 77° magnetic l ...
Phase Stability and Thermoelectric Properties of the
... naturally occurring marcasite phase of FeS2 at ambient conditions as well as under pressure. Two distinct density functional approaches were used to investigate these properties. The plane wave pseudopotential approach was used to study the phase stability and structural, elastic, and vibrational pr ...
... naturally occurring marcasite phase of FeS2 at ambient conditions as well as under pressure. Two distinct density functional approaches were used to investigate these properties. The plane wave pseudopotential approach was used to study the phase stability and structural, elastic, and vibrational pr ...
Chemically prepared magnetic nanoparticles
... of particle size and size distribution, morphology, and agglomerate size through the individual manipulation of the parameters that determine nucleation, growth, and coalescence. Surface modification of the particles during synthesis or post-synthesis is easily accomplished, providing additional fun ...
... of particle size and size distribution, morphology, and agglomerate size through the individual manipulation of the parameters that determine nucleation, growth, and coalescence. Surface modification of the particles during synthesis or post-synthesis is easily accomplished, providing additional fun ...
Synchronization and Sensing with Steady State
... Raman lasing transitions between hyperfine ground states of a large ensemble of atoms. This sensor can operate in a continuous broadband or narrowband mode based on the evolution of the atomic coherence in the dark. I also discuss the fundamental sensitivity of this type of detector. In a second set ...
... Raman lasing transitions between hyperfine ground states of a large ensemble of atoms. This sensor can operate in a continuous broadband or narrowband mode based on the evolution of the atomic coherence in the dark. I also discuss the fundamental sensitivity of this type of detector. In a second set ...
Ionization in atmospheric-pressure Helium plasma
... Firstly, I would like to thank my supervisors Profs. Vasco Guerra and Luı́s Lemos Alves, for the opportunity of working in this subject in the IST, for their guidance in the development of this work, for the availability to approach the problems with me, for the encouragement to keep up the good wor ...
... Firstly, I would like to thank my supervisors Profs. Vasco Guerra and Luı́s Lemos Alves, for the opportunity of working in this subject in the IST, for their guidance in the development of this work, for the availability to approach the problems with me, for the encouragement to keep up the good wor ...
J. J. Thomson and The Electron: 1897–1899 An Introduction
... of April 30, 1897, in which he first put the subatomic proposal forward and George Fitzgerald’s commentary on this talk. Thomson’s October 1897 paper is extraordinary, a model of clarity as well as a watershed in the history of science. For twenty years I have been using it to initiate my course in ...
... of April 30, 1897, in which he first put the subatomic proposal forward and George Fitzgerald’s commentary on this talk. Thomson’s October 1897 paper is extraordinary, a model of clarity as well as a watershed in the history of science. For twenty years I have been using it to initiate my course in ...
Neutron scattering study on R2 PdSi3 (R = Ho, Er, Tm
... unusual minima of the resistivity at temperatures much higher than the ordering temperature for long-range magnetic order (71,72) . This was attributed to the possible localization of the conduction electrons mediated by the exchange interaction. Also the Tb and Gd compounds have been found to exhib ...
... unusual minima of the resistivity at temperatures much higher than the ordering temperature for long-range magnetic order (71,72) . This was attributed to the possible localization of the conduction electrons mediated by the exchange interaction. Also the Tb and Gd compounds have been found to exhib ...
Thermodynamics By S K Mondal
... 12. Two blocks which are at different states are brought into contact with each other and allowed to reach a final state of thermal equilibrium. The final temperature attained is specified by the (a) Zeroth law of thermodynamics (b) First law of thermodynamics [IES-1998] (c) Second law of thermodyn ...
... 12. Two blocks which are at different states are brought into contact with each other and allowed to reach a final state of thermal equilibrium. The final temperature attained is specified by the (a) Zeroth law of thermodynamics (b) First law of thermodynamics [IES-1998] (c) Second law of thermodyn ...
Fusion energy : burning questions
... confinement - one of the central goals of fusion research - is still a highly desirable property as it allows smaller reactors to ignite and burn, but in the existing conceptual power plant designs an improvement of confinement does not bring any benefit. This also means that the fusion output power ...
... confinement - one of the central goals of fusion research - is still a highly desirable property as it allows smaller reactors to ignite and burn, but in the existing conceptual power plant designs an improvement of confinement does not bring any benefit. This also means that the fusion output power ...
- White Rose Research Online
... often show bent coordination geometries, these reflect the formation of additional agostic M–L bonding interactions rather than Jahn-Teller phenomena.9 This article describes the measurement, manipulation and consequences of the Jahn-Teller effect in transition metal chemistry. Six-coordinate copper ...
... often show bent coordination geometries, these reflect the formation of additional agostic M–L bonding interactions rather than Jahn-Teller phenomena.9 This article describes the measurement, manipulation and consequences of the Jahn-Teller effect in transition metal chemistry. Six-coordinate copper ...
Electrostatic Charge Evolution of a Falling Droplet Application to
... and the rather weak charge on it prevents this breakup. In fact, the position of the ring connected to the high voltage supply and as well the magnitude of the voltage have to be carefully adjusted in order to get a good droplet size and charge which will not induce a breakup but allows observing wi ...
... and the rather weak charge on it prevents this breakup. In fact, the position of the ring connected to the high voltage supply and as well the magnitude of the voltage have to be carefully adjusted in order to get a good droplet size and charge which will not induce a breakup but allows observing wi ...
Are age-appropriate antibiotic formulations missing from the
... Millions of children die every year from preventable or treatable infections, such as pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and neonatal complications.1 ,2 Many of these deaths could be avoided with the use of safe and affordable age-appropriate medicines.3 ,4 The response to medicat ...
... Millions of children die every year from preventable or treatable infections, such as pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and neonatal complications.1 ,2 Many of these deaths could be avoided with the use of safe and affordable age-appropriate medicines.3 ,4 The response to medicat ...
Solidification kinetics in undercooled pure iron and iron
... and therefore influence the final product of solidification. The main challenge is to design materials directly from the melt with specific material properties without expensive postprocessing. Therefore it is essential to have a fundamental physical understanding of the complex mechanism of dendrit ...
... and therefore influence the final product of solidification. The main challenge is to design materials directly from the melt with specific material properties without expensive postprocessing. Therefore it is essential to have a fundamental physical understanding of the complex mechanism of dendrit ...
Study of Flux Transfer Events Observed at the Earth`s
... Most of the known matter in the universe is in ionized state (the so-called plasma), and plasma in nature, such as the Sun, interstellar gas clouds and the Earth’s magnetosphere exhibit different dynamical phenomena arising from the effects of electric and magnetic forces. In the Earth’s vicinity mo ...
... Most of the known matter in the universe is in ionized state (the so-called plasma), and plasma in nature, such as the Sun, interstellar gas clouds and the Earth’s magnetosphere exhibit different dynamical phenomena arising from the effects of electric and magnetic forces. In the Earth’s vicinity mo ...
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ
... ionized gaseous material generated in laboratory conditions. Plasma is an electrically neutral collection of ions, electrons and neutral particles. In order to classify some media as a plasma it has to satisfy certain criteria, discussed in the next section. The states of matter can be classified as ...
... ionized gaseous material generated in laboratory conditions. Plasma is an electrically neutral collection of ions, electrons and neutral particles. In order to classify some media as a plasma it has to satisfy certain criteria, discussed in the next section. The states of matter can be classified as ...
Ultrafast Electron and Molecular Dynamics in Photoinduced and
... dynamical properties. The PIPT in TTF-CA was first reported as the photoinduced I-to-N transition in 1990 by Koshihara et al. [11]. Since that report, a number of experimental and theoretical studies about this PIPT have been reported [12–40]. In this paper, we review our studies of the photoinduced ...
... dynamical properties. The PIPT in TTF-CA was first reported as the photoinduced I-to-N transition in 1990 by Koshihara et al. [11]. Since that report, a number of experimental and theoretical studies about this PIPT have been reported [12–40]. In this paper, we review our studies of the photoinduced ...
Solubility
... At higher concentrations, the species in solution do not necessarily behave independently. The ions can be stabilized in solution through electrostatic forces with other ions in solution. ...
... At higher concentrations, the species in solution do not necessarily behave independently. The ions can be stabilized in solution through electrostatic forces with other ions in solution. ...
Phase fluctuations in a conventional s-wave superconductor
... Preface The work presented here, was carried out for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, doctor of philosophy in physics from Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India. The superconductivity in a clean conventional superconductor is well described by Bardeen-Coop ...
... Preface The work presented here, was carried out for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, doctor of philosophy in physics from Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India. The superconductivity in a clean conventional superconductor is well described by Bardeen-Coop ...
PDF file - Nonequilibrium Gas and Plasma Dynamics Laboratory
... There are several researchers at NASA Glenn Research Center whom I’d like to thank. First, thanks to Hani Kamhawi for serving as my mentor during my summer visits at GRC. In spite of his ever-packed schedule, Hani managed to find time for me whenever I visited. He also taught me a lot about Hall thr ...
... There are several researchers at NASA Glenn Research Center whom I’d like to thank. First, thanks to Hani Kamhawi for serving as my mentor during my summer visits at GRC. In spite of his ever-packed schedule, Hani managed to find time for me whenever I visited. He also taught me a lot about Hall thr ...
State of matter
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms that matter takes on. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and neutron-degenerate matter, but these only occur in extreme situations such as ultra cold or ultra dense matter. Other states, such as quark–gluon plasmas, are believed to be possible but remain theoretical for now. For a complete list of all exotic states of matter, see the list of states of matter.Historically, the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in properties. Matter in the solid state maintains a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state maintains a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are still close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape, but as well as neutral atoms, it contains a significant number of ions and electrons, both of which can move around freely. Plasma is the most common form of visible matter in the universe.The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but a system can contain several immiscible phases of the same state of matter (see Phase (matter) for more discussion of the difference between the two terms).