characterizing single atom dipole traps for
... AC-Stark shifts for the 5S1/2 , |F = 2, mF i and the 5P3/2 , |F 0 = 3, mF 0 i states in optical dipole trap linearly polarized along the quantization axis. The intensity of the dipole trap laser is 5.7 × 109 W/m2 . The resulting ground states shifts are −18 MHz which correspond to a trapping potenti ...
... AC-Stark shifts for the 5S1/2 , |F = 2, mF i and the 5P3/2 , |F 0 = 3, mF 0 i states in optical dipole trap linearly polarized along the quantization axis. The intensity of the dipole trap laser is 5.7 × 109 W/m2 . The resulting ground states shifts are −18 MHz which correspond to a trapping potenti ...
MAGNETIC FIELDS IN NEUTRON STARS Daniele Viganò
... B.1.2 Gaunt solution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 C Notes on finite difference time domain methods ...
... B.1.2 Gaunt solution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 C Notes on finite difference time domain methods ...
hygroscopic properties of aerosols. investigations of particles from
... with (NH4)2SO4, NaCl, and NaNO3, which are typical inorganic aerosol constituents. The instrument proved, as shown with theoretically calculated growth curves, to measure hygroscopic growth factors with high accuracy and high time resolution. Field measurements were conducted in winter, when mainly ...
... with (NH4)2SO4, NaCl, and NaNO3, which are typical inorganic aerosol constituents. The instrument proved, as shown with theoretically calculated growth curves, to measure hygroscopic growth factors with high accuracy and high time resolution. Field measurements were conducted in winter, when mainly ...
Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Picosecond
... electron emission at low incident laser fluences, whereas thermionic emission is dominant at higher fluences. We have also performed experimental and theoretical studies on the formation and subsequent evolution of plasmas during laser-metal interactions at the picosecond time scale. Using picoseco ...
... electron emission at low incident laser fluences, whereas thermionic emission is dominant at higher fluences. We have also performed experimental and theoretical studies on the formation and subsequent evolution of plasmas during laser-metal interactions at the picosecond time scale. Using picoseco ...
as a PDF
... 4.2.3 How massless extremals generate coherent states of photons? . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.4 Massless extremal is accompanied by a Bose-Einstein condensate of parallel photons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.5 MEs and exotic representations of p-adi ...
... 4.2.3 How massless extremals generate coherent states of photons? . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.4 Massless extremal is accompanied by a Bose-Einstein condensate of parallel photons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.5 MEs and exotic representations of p-adi ...
ab initio calculations of mechanical, thermodynamic and
... be recognized as a third discipline bridging the theory and the experiments. Often calculations, which are the direct implementation of exact known theory, have the capacity to go into subtle details leading to a better and deeper understanding of materials under study. In condensed matter physics, ...
... be recognized as a third discipline bridging the theory and the experiments. Often calculations, which are the direct implementation of exact known theory, have the capacity to go into subtle details leading to a better and deeper understanding of materials under study. In condensed matter physics, ...
ATOMISTIC INTERACTIONS IN STM ATOM MANIPULATION A
... This thesis describes the study of two diverse systems, a cluster of silver atoms, and individual silver and bromine atoms, deposited on a metallic single crystal Ag(111) substrate, in the domain of atomic and molecular manipulation techniques, using a custom-built ultrahigh vacuum low temperature s ...
... This thesis describes the study of two diverse systems, a cluster of silver atoms, and individual silver and bromine atoms, deposited on a metallic single crystal Ag(111) substrate, in the domain of atomic and molecular manipulation techniques, using a custom-built ultrahigh vacuum low temperature s ...
On Continuous Magnetically Enhanced Centrifugation in Large
... machine concept is the continuous design of a decanter centrifuge, unloading itself by a screw conveyor during application of the magnetic field. Despite the small centrifuge volume of 1.2 l, a volume flow of up to 150 l/h was realized continuously. Both machines are sealed for sterile use. Addition ...
... machine concept is the continuous design of a decanter centrifuge, unloading itself by a screw conveyor during application of the magnetic field. Despite the small centrifuge volume of 1.2 l, a volume flow of up to 150 l/h was realized continuously. Both machines are sealed for sterile use. Addition ...
Dielectric Polarization and Particle Shape Effects
... area of the sphere surface divided by the sphere volume is inversely proportional to the radius. Then it is to be expected that the surface effects start to dominate when we are moving from the ordinary-sized material textures into the smallerscale structures. The increased focus on surfaces of indiv ...
... area of the sphere surface divided by the sphere volume is inversely proportional to the radius. Then it is to be expected that the surface effects start to dominate when we are moving from the ordinary-sized material textures into the smallerscale structures. The increased focus on surfaces of indiv ...
ABSTRACT PARAMETRIC LIMITATIONS ON DISCHARGE PERFORMANCE IN THE MARYLAND CENTRIFUGAL EXPERIMENT
... center of the confinement region, effectively closing the loss cone long associated with nonrotational mirror configurations. In addition, stratification of the plasma due to radial variations within the electric field will create a velocity shearing effect between the plasma layers leading to the q ...
... center of the confinement region, effectively closing the loss cone long associated with nonrotational mirror configurations. In addition, stratification of the plasma due to radial variations within the electric field will create a velocity shearing effect between the plasma layers leading to the q ...
Design, synthesis and study of coordination complexes for quantum computing
... the interaction with an external magnetic field (a phenomenon known as Zeeman effect). This splitting is governed by the gyromagnetic factor gs, which slightly differs from the g-factor of a free electron ge = 2.0023 (also known as Landé factor) due to the coupling between the ground-state and the e ...
... the interaction with an external magnetic field (a phenomenon known as Zeeman effect). This splitting is governed by the gyromagnetic factor gs, which slightly differs from the g-factor of a free electron ge = 2.0023 (also known as Landé factor) due to the coupling between the ground-state and the e ...
Everything Science Grade 11
... When we look outside at everything in nature, look around us at everything manufactured or look up at everything in space we cannot but be struck by the incredible diversity and complexity of life; so many things, that look so different, operating in such unique ways. The physical universe really co ...
... When we look outside at everything in nature, look around us at everything manufactured or look up at everything in space we cannot but be struck by the incredible diversity and complexity of life; so many things, that look so different, operating in such unique ways. The physical universe really co ...
The principals of new gravitational and energy system
... each other according to their atomic weight, from the lighter gases in the center of the cluster and the heaviest on the outer layers. This means that neon will encapsulate helium and heavier gas will encapsulate the neon and so on. ...
... each other according to their atomic weight, from the lighter gases in the center of the cluster and the heaviest on the outer layers. This means that neon will encapsulate helium and heavier gas will encapsulate the neon and so on. ...
Halometallate ionic liquids – revisited
... and expanding beyond these historical foci. Newer applications are of immense diversity: they provide transitional improvements in electroplating and polishing treatments,19 supply the fundamental chemistry for new gas scrubbing processes,20 allow syntheses of new inorganic semiconductor materials, ...
... and expanding beyond these historical foci. Newer applications are of immense diversity: they provide transitional improvements in electroplating and polishing treatments,19 supply the fundamental chemistry for new gas scrubbing processes,20 allow syntheses of new inorganic semiconductor materials, ...
Nanoporous Materials for Hydrogen Storage and H2/D2 Isotope
... bicyclopentadiene originating from the Pd precursor. ...
... bicyclopentadiene originating from the Pd precursor. ...
Cassini observations of low energy electrons in and around
... the Saturnian system. Data from the electron spectrometer (ELS), the ion spectrometer (IMS) and the magnetometer (MAG) gathered during the first two years of the mission have been used in two main areas of research. The first is the investigation of the magnetopause, which forms the boundary between ...
... the Saturnian system. Data from the electron spectrometer (ELS), the ion spectrometer (IMS) and the magnetometer (MAG) gathered during the first two years of the mission have been used in two main areas of research. The first is the investigation of the magnetopause, which forms the boundary between ...
State of matter
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms that matter takes on. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and neutron-degenerate matter, but these only occur in extreme situations such as ultra cold or ultra dense matter. Other states, such as quark–gluon plasmas, are believed to be possible but remain theoretical for now. For a complete list of all exotic states of matter, see the list of states of matter.Historically, the distinction is made based on qualitative differences in properties. Matter in the solid state maintains a fixed volume and shape, with component particles (atoms, molecules or ions) close together and fixed into place. Matter in the liquid state maintains a fixed volume, but has a variable shape that adapts to fit its container. Its particles are still close together but move freely. Matter in the gaseous state has both variable volume and shape, adapting both to fit its container. Its particles are neither close together nor fixed in place. Matter in the plasma state has variable volume and shape, but as well as neutral atoms, it contains a significant number of ions and electrons, both of which can move around freely. Plasma is the most common form of visible matter in the universe.The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but a system can contain several immiscible phases of the same state of matter (see Phase (matter) for more discussion of the difference between the two terms).