think about it
... arm, and the nurse or technician pats on the surface of your skin until a vein becomes visible. Each step in the sequence tells you that the unavoidable “stick” of the needle and the pain, which is largely the result of reflexive muscle tension, is coming. The stick itself is the unconditioned stimu ...
... arm, and the nurse or technician pats on the surface of your skin until a vein becomes visible. Each step in the sequence tells you that the unavoidable “stick” of the needle and the pain, which is largely the result of reflexive muscle tension, is coming. The stick itself is the unconditioned stimu ...
Learning Objectives
... reinforcement: a. fixed ratio (FR); b. variable ratio (VR); c. fixed interval (FI); and d. variable interval (VI). OBJECTIVE 8.13 – Explain the concept of stimulus control and describe the processes of generalization and discrimination as they relate to operant conditioning. Murphey’s Objectives fo ...
... reinforcement: a. fixed ratio (FR); b. variable ratio (VR); c. fixed interval (FI); and d. variable interval (VI). OBJECTIVE 8.13 – Explain the concept of stimulus control and describe the processes of generalization and discrimination as they relate to operant conditioning. Murphey’s Objectives fo ...
LEARNING
... behavior to a given situation brought about by repeated experiences in that situation – Changes can’t be explained by native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the person or other animal (e.g. fatigue, drugs, etc) ...
... behavior to a given situation brought about by repeated experiences in that situation – Changes can’t be explained by native response tendencies, maturation, or temporary states of the person or other animal (e.g. fatigue, drugs, etc) ...
Symposium: Classical and instrumental conditioning. presented at
... autonomic conditioning. Using a letter reproduction task as a nonaversive US they varied the quantitative information content of the conditioned stimulus (CS). Magnitudes of observed electrodermal responses reflected the manipulation of information content. The authors' conclusion is that the amount ...
... autonomic conditioning. Using a letter reproduction task as a nonaversive US they varied the quantitative information content of the conditioned stimulus (CS). Magnitudes of observed electrodermal responses reflected the manipulation of information content. The authors' conclusion is that the amount ...
File
... Higher-order Conditioning = a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light pred ...
... Higher-order Conditioning = a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light pred ...
Classical Conditioning: Notes
... Acquisition – initial learning of the stimulus-response relationship (learning that bell means meat powder) Extinction – diminished response to the conditioned stimulus when it is no longer coupled with UCS. (stop giving meat powder with bell and dog will stop salivating to bell) Spontaneous recover ...
... Acquisition – initial learning of the stimulus-response relationship (learning that bell means meat powder) Extinction – diminished response to the conditioned stimulus when it is no longer coupled with UCS. (stop giving meat powder with bell and dog will stop salivating to bell) Spontaneous recover ...
learning - Ms. Thresher
... discovered that the sticks could be joined together to form one longer stick. Just then, a spark of insight revealing a solution manifested, allowing the chimpanzee to successfully reach the banana. ...
... discovered that the sticks could be joined together to form one longer stick. Just then, a spark of insight revealing a solution manifested, allowing the chimpanzee to successfully reach the banana. ...
Unit 6 Behaviorism
... Classical Conditioning • Biological constraints – E.g, humans are biological prepared to fear snakes, spiders. – Taste‐aversion learning • You would avoid some food, when you ate it before a diarrhea – With only one pairing ...
... Classical Conditioning • Biological constraints – E.g, humans are biological prepared to fear snakes, spiders. – Taste‐aversion learning • You would avoid some food, when you ate it before a diarrhea – With only one pairing ...
Operant Conditioning, 1
... • Response + Stimulus à Response • Stimulus follows the response and strengthens it • Active learning • Learning as a result of consequences • Skinner ...
... • Response + Stimulus à Response • Stimulus follows the response and strengthens it • Active learning • Learning as a result of consequences • Skinner ...
Powerpoint
... Comes from observing others and noticing the consequences of their actions (also called “observational learning”) 3 Main tenets: – We are capable of self-reward and self-influence – Environmental punishments and rewards are simply symbolic representations of costs and benefits we store in memory a ...
... Comes from observing others and noticing the consequences of their actions (also called “observational learning”) 3 Main tenets: – We are capable of self-reward and self-influence – Environmental punishments and rewards are simply symbolic representations of costs and benefits we store in memory a ...
Unit 2 Environmental Learning Theory Behavioral Theories Types of
... What would this theory predict would be common phobias? ...
... What would this theory predict would be common phobias? ...
From our discussion!!
... Answer the following questions about the process of classical conditioning. 1. In the following examples, the unconditioned stimulus from PART C has been removed. However, you can assume that the stimulus presented has been paired with the unconditioned stimulus as described in PART C. What is the r ...
... Answer the following questions about the process of classical conditioning. 1. In the following examples, the unconditioned stimulus from PART C has been removed. However, you can assume that the stimulus presented has been paired with the unconditioned stimulus as described in PART C. What is the r ...
No Slide Title
... cause the occurrence (or nonocurrence) of some event (an if then statement) Instrumental Conditioning: another name for operant conditioning (organism is “instrumental” in its own learning ...
... cause the occurrence (or nonocurrence) of some event (an if then statement) Instrumental Conditioning: another name for operant conditioning (organism is “instrumental” in its own learning ...
Psy 258 Behaviorism
... Besides teaching, he was involved in medical research. Pavlov was interested in the behavior of both humans and animals, and he was especially interested in reflexes. His biggest contribution to the field of psychology is classical conditioning, a theory about how behavior is learned. He received a ...
... Besides teaching, he was involved in medical research. Pavlov was interested in the behavior of both humans and animals, and he was especially interested in reflexes. His biggest contribution to the field of psychology is classical conditioning, a theory about how behavior is learned. He received a ...
Unit 6 Learning
... links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus are linked so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response. Higher-order conditioning: a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a secon ...
... links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus are linked so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response. Higher-order conditioning: a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a secon ...
Ch.6 Learning Power Point Notes
... (ex. food, water, & adequate warmth) • ______________ or CONDITIONED REINFORCERS (ex. money) ...
... (ex. food, water, & adequate warmth) • ______________ or CONDITIONED REINFORCERS (ex. money) ...
Learning
... Law of effect: the principle that behaviors that are followed by a “satisfying state of affairs” tend to be repeated and those that produce an “unpleasant state of affairs” are less likely to ...
... Law of effect: the principle that behaviors that are followed by a “satisfying state of affairs” tend to be repeated and those that produce an “unpleasant state of affairs” are less likely to ...
Key information handout: Behaviourist approach
... The word ‘behaviour’ when used in psychology means an action or response that is performed by an animal or human. It does not imply morally ‘good’ or ‘bad’ actions Pavlov Pavlov’s form of behaviourism is called Classical Conditioning It builds on behaviour that already exists in an animal or hum ...
... The word ‘behaviour’ when used in psychology means an action or response that is performed by an animal or human. It does not imply morally ‘good’ or ‘bad’ actions Pavlov Pavlov’s form of behaviourism is called Classical Conditioning It builds on behaviour that already exists in an animal or hum ...
Module 21 Operant Conditioning
... Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher. Reinforcement: any event that increases the frequency of a preceding response. ...
... Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher. Reinforcement: any event that increases the frequency of a preceding response. ...
Chapter 4 –Operant Conditioning
... through removal of _____________ Spontaneous Recovery: ____________ of a learned response following apparent extinction ...
... through removal of _____________ Spontaneous Recovery: ____________ of a learned response following apparent extinction ...
File
... What is learning that occurs when two stimuli- a conditioned stimulus (originally a neutral stimulus) and an unconditioned stimulus- are paired and become associated with each other? _________________ is also called Pavlovian conditioning. __________________ is the stimulus that, before conditionin ...
... What is learning that occurs when two stimuli- a conditioned stimulus (originally a neutral stimulus) and an unconditioned stimulus- are paired and become associated with each other? _________________ is also called Pavlovian conditioning. __________________ is the stimulus that, before conditionin ...
Classical Conditioning
... “The child started violently, his breathing was checked and the arms were raised in a characteristic manner. On the second stimulation the same thing occurred, and in addition the lips began to pucker and tremble. On the third stimulation the child broke into a sudden crying fit. This is the first t ...
... “The child started violently, his breathing was checked and the arms were raised in a characteristic manner. On the second stimulation the same thing occurred, and in addition the lips began to pucker and tremble. On the third stimulation the child broke into a sudden crying fit. This is the first t ...
learned
... • What word (neutral stimulus) became associated with the stimulus? • How long did this take? • What might cause the response to disappear? ...
... • What word (neutral stimulus) became associated with the stimulus? • How long did this take? • What might cause the response to disappear? ...
UNIT VI Notes
... Developed by Ivan Pavlov using dog salivation experiments Stimuli is associated with an involuntary response Respondent behavior: an automatic response to certain stimuli Unconditioned response (UCR or UR) the normal response; in Pavlov’s experiment it was the salivation of the dog. Unconditioned st ...
... Developed by Ivan Pavlov using dog salivation experiments Stimuli is associated with an involuntary response Respondent behavior: an automatic response to certain stimuli Unconditioned response (UCR or UR) the normal response; in Pavlov’s experiment it was the salivation of the dog. Unconditioned st ...
Classical conditioning
Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) is a learning process in which an innate response to a potent stimulus comes to be elicited in response to a previously neutral stimulus; this is achieved by repeated pairings of the neutral stimulus with the potent stimulus. The basic facts about classical conditioning were discovered by Ivan Pavlov through his famous experiments with dogs. Together with operant conditioning, classical conditioning became the foundation of Behaviorism, a school of psychology that dominated psychology in the mid-20th century and is still an important influence on the practice of psychological therapy and the study of animal behaviour (ethology). Classical conditioning is now the best understood of the basic learning processes, and its neural substrates are beginning to be understood.