Learning
... Classical Conditioning: John Watson Spontaneous Recovery reappearance, after a rest period, of an extinguished CR (Baby Albert might be afraid some day of a white rat) Generalization tendency for stimuli similar to CS to elicit similar responses (white rat – Baby Albert) ...
... Classical Conditioning: John Watson Spontaneous Recovery reappearance, after a rest period, of an extinguished CR (Baby Albert might be afraid some day of a white rat) Generalization tendency for stimuli similar to CS to elicit similar responses (white rat – Baby Albert) ...
Chapter 5: Managerial Ethics & Corporate Social Responsibility
... How to Effectively Shape Behavior with Reinforcement ...
... How to Effectively Shape Behavior with Reinforcement ...
Chapter 7 Week 1
... • How did extinction, stimulus generalization, and spontaneous recovery play a role in your conditioning experiment? ...
... • How did extinction, stimulus generalization, and spontaneous recovery play a role in your conditioning experiment? ...
Chapter 4
... Which of the following scenarios is an example of a small, immediate reinforcer superseding a strong, delayed reinforcer? a) Siviwe prefers to sleep in and miss breakfast even though it makes him hungry for the rest of the morning b) Sally puts off going to the dentist because she hates having filli ...
... Which of the following scenarios is an example of a small, immediate reinforcer superseding a strong, delayed reinforcer? a) Siviwe prefers to sleep in and miss breakfast even though it makes him hungry for the rest of the morning b) Sally puts off going to the dentist because she hates having filli ...
Classical Conditioning
... The greater the similarity between stimuli, the greater the possibility that a generalisation will occur. E.g. is a stimulus generalisation to the sounds of a bell occurred with one of Pavlov’s dogs, the dog might also salivate in response to the ringing of the front-door bell. ...
... The greater the similarity between stimuli, the greater the possibility that a generalisation will occur. E.g. is a stimulus generalisation to the sounds of a bell occurred with one of Pavlov’s dogs, the dog might also salivate in response to the ringing of the front-door bell. ...
explain your answer
... 21) In operant conditioning, ________. A) continuous reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through partial or intermittent reinforcement B) both continuous reinforcement and partial or intermittent reinforcement lead to behaviors that persist for equally lon ...
... 21) In operant conditioning, ________. A) continuous reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through partial or intermittent reinforcement B) both continuous reinforcement and partial or intermittent reinforcement lead to behaviors that persist for equally lon ...
What is Learning? - The Psychology Deck
... 8. If the conditioned stimulus is presented many times without reinforcement, we can expect a. an increase in stimulus generalization. b. the strength of the UR to increase. c. an increase in response generalization. d. extinction to occur. ...
... 8. If the conditioned stimulus is presented many times without reinforcement, we can expect a. an increase in stimulus generalization. b. the strength of the UR to increase. c. an increase in response generalization. d. extinction to occur. ...
Module 9: Learning
... Psychologist John Garcia explained it with the concept of _______________ Preparedness: phenomenon that animals & humans are biologically prepared to associate some combinations of conditioned & unconditioned stimuli more easily than others. Examples of adaptive value of classical conditioning: Sa ...
... Psychologist John Garcia explained it with the concept of _______________ Preparedness: phenomenon that animals & humans are biologically prepared to associate some combinations of conditioned & unconditioned stimuli more easily than others. Examples of adaptive value of classical conditioning: Sa ...
Observational learning
... Organisms best learn behaviors similar to their natural behaviors; unnatural behaviors instinctively drift. ...
... Organisms best learn behaviors similar to their natural behaviors; unnatural behaviors instinctively drift. ...
Learning Study Guide
... becomes associated with another stimulus through repeated pairing with that stimulus. The word “conditioning” means “learned.” Note that this is a form of associational learning, in which what is learned is an association between a stimulus and response. The key elements of the classical conditionin ...
... becomes associated with another stimulus through repeated pairing with that stimulus. The word “conditioning” means “learned.” Note that this is a form of associational learning, in which what is learned is an association between a stimulus and response. The key elements of the classical conditionin ...
Chapter 8 Lecture Notes: Learning
... o Punished behaviors are not forgotten, just suppressed until appropriate situations; punishment increases aggressiveness and attributes bad consequences to the punisher. Cognitive Map: mental images of one’s surroundings. (Mice develop cognitive maps that represent a maze they just ran through.) ...
... o Punished behaviors are not forgotten, just suppressed until appropriate situations; punishment increases aggressiveness and attributes bad consequences to the punisher. Cognitive Map: mental images of one’s surroundings. (Mice develop cognitive maps that represent a maze they just ran through.) ...
Learning theory
... Harlow’s monkeys preferred comfort monkey over wire food monkey every time so shows not about food but comfort and as her mother is doing the cuddling and playing and nanny only practical care she will be the more sensitive and so should form attachments with the mother. Schaffer-more than 50% of in ...
... Harlow’s monkeys preferred comfort monkey over wire food monkey every time so shows not about food but comfort and as her mother is doing the cuddling and playing and nanny only practical care she will be the more sensitive and so should form attachments with the mother. Schaffer-more than 50% of in ...
Conditioning and Learning
... conditioned to respond to a specific CS, such as a 1200 hertz tone, and then tested with similar stimuli, such as other tones between 400 and 2000 hertz. Graphs of the organisms’ responding are called generalization gradients. The graphs normally show, as depicted here, that generalization declines ...
... conditioned to respond to a specific CS, such as a 1200 hertz tone, and then tested with similar stimuli, such as other tones between 400 and 2000 hertz. Graphs of the organisms’ responding are called generalization gradients. The graphs normally show, as depicted here, that generalization declines ...
Boot Camp
... The role of salivation on digestion Saliva production = automatic, no conscious control or learning – Unconditioned Reflex Consistent within species ...
... The role of salivation on digestion Saliva production = automatic, no conscious control or learning – Unconditioned Reflex Consistent within species ...
Discriminative Auditory Fear Learning Requires Both Tuned
... sound discrimination. • The nonlemniscal stream has less selective neurons, which are not tonotopically organized, and is thought to be important for multimodal processing and for several forms of learning. ...
... sound discrimination. • The nonlemniscal stream has less selective neurons, which are not tonotopically organized, and is thought to be important for multimodal processing and for several forms of learning. ...
Learning Ash print purposes
... Higher-order Conditioning = a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light pred ...
... Higher-order Conditioning = a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light pred ...
Classical Conditioning
... • A classically conditioned response, like any other behavior, is subject to change. • Pavlov discovered that if he stopped presenting food after the sound of the tuning fork, the sound gradually lost its effect on the dog. • He called this effect extinction because the CR had gradually died out ...
... • A classically conditioned response, like any other behavior, is subject to change. • Pavlov discovered that if he stopped presenting food after the sound of the tuning fork, the sound gradually lost its effect on the dog. • He called this effect extinction because the CR had gradually died out ...
Learning & Memory - Michael Kalsher Home
... • After the interviewee has looked, the researcher asks him about a certain advertisement in that issue (this is "aided recall"). • The researcher keeps track of the percentage of subjects who: – Remembered seeing a specific ad ("noted"). – Saw or read part of the ad ("seen/associated"). – Read at l ...
... • After the interviewee has looked, the researcher asks him about a certain advertisement in that issue (this is "aided recall"). • The researcher keeps track of the percentage of subjects who: – Remembered seeing a specific ad ("noted"). – Saw or read part of the ad ("seen/associated"). – Read at l ...
Ch 6 Learning Notes
... • Extinction: occurs when the CS and UCS are no longer paired and the response to the CS is weakened – We know that the response is still there, just not active, because of spontaneous recovery • Spontaneous Recovery: an extinguished response reappears after a period of non-pairing. • Stimulus Gener ...
... • Extinction: occurs when the CS and UCS are no longer paired and the response to the CS is weakened – We know that the response is still there, just not active, because of spontaneous recovery • Spontaneous Recovery: an extinguished response reappears after a period of non-pairing. • Stimulus Gener ...
Classical Conditioning
... The greater the similarity between stimuli, the greater the possibility that a generalisation will occur. E.g. is a stimulus generalisation to the sounds of a bell occurred with one of Pavlov’s dogs, the dog might also salivate in response to the ringing of the front-door bell. ...
... The greater the similarity between stimuli, the greater the possibility that a generalisation will occur. E.g. is a stimulus generalisation to the sounds of a bell occurred with one of Pavlov’s dogs, the dog might also salivate in response to the ringing of the front-door bell. ...
Classical Conditioning
... Social Learning Social Learning is all learning that occurs in a social situation. This was theorized by Albert Bandura, who believed that the most important aspect of learning was the complex “inner person” who can analyze events and make decisions before a response is given. ...
... Social Learning Social Learning is all learning that occurs in a social situation. This was theorized by Albert Bandura, who believed that the most important aspect of learning was the complex “inner person” who can analyze events and make decisions before a response is given. ...
AP Module 18 19 20 Exam 11 12 test bank
... B) UR; CR C) CS; US D) CR; UR 14. Extinction occurs when a ________ is no longer paired with a ________. A) UR; CR B) CS; UR C) US; UR D) CS; US 15. Spontaneous recovery refers to the: A) expression of learning that had occurred earlier but had not been expressed because of lack of incentive. B) org ...
... B) UR; CR C) CS; US D) CR; UR 14. Extinction occurs when a ________ is no longer paired with a ________. A) UR; CR B) CS; UR C) US; UR D) CS; US 15. Spontaneous recovery refers to the: A) expression of learning that had occurred earlier but had not been expressed because of lack of incentive. B) org ...
Focus On Vocabulary Chapter 07
... here. A common expression when hearing something familiar but vague is to say, “That rings a bell.” Pavlov’s name is familiar to many people, who may also be vaguely aware that his research involved dogs and ringing bells (classical conditioning). Pavlov’s Experiments . . . what the dog was thinking ...
... here. A common expression when hearing something familiar but vague is to say, “That rings a bell.” Pavlov’s name is familiar to many people, who may also be vaguely aware that his research involved dogs and ringing bells (classical conditioning). Pavlov’s Experiments . . . what the dog was thinking ...
Classical conditioning
Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) is a learning process in which an innate response to a potent stimulus comes to be elicited in response to a previously neutral stimulus; this is achieved by repeated pairings of the neutral stimulus with the potent stimulus. The basic facts about classical conditioning were discovered by Ivan Pavlov through his famous experiments with dogs. Together with operant conditioning, classical conditioning became the foundation of Behaviorism, a school of psychology that dominated psychology in the mid-20th century and is still an important influence on the practice of psychological therapy and the study of animal behaviour (ethology). Classical conditioning is now the best understood of the basic learning processes, and its neural substrates are beginning to be understood.