Operant Conditioning PP
... Train an animal to discriminate between classes of events or objects. – After being trained to discriminate between flowers, people, cars, and chairs, a pigeon can usually identify in which of these categories a new pictured object belongs ...
... Train an animal to discriminate between classes of events or objects. – After being trained to discriminate between flowers, people, cars, and chairs, a pigeon can usually identify in which of these categories a new pictured object belongs ...
Slide 1
... in behavior brought about by experience or practice – When people learn anything, some part of their brain is physically changed to record what they have learned. – Any kind of change in the way an organism behaves is learning. ...
... in behavior brought about by experience or practice – When people learn anything, some part of their brain is physically changed to record what they have learned. – Any kind of change in the way an organism behaves is learning. ...
Meaningful auditory information enhances perception of visual
... noise was yoked together, with X times more noise dots than noise taps, where X is the ratio of visual to auditory sensitivity for that subject (about 10 for all observers). Sample results from subject RA are shown in Figure 4. Both bimodal summation conditions produce an increment of sensitivity re ...
... noise was yoked together, with X times more noise dots than noise taps, where X is the ratio of visual to auditory sensitivity for that subject (about 10 for all observers). Sample results from subject RA are shown in Figure 4. Both bimodal summation conditions produce an increment of sensitivity re ...
CHAPTER 6 - LEARNING - EXAM Answer Section
... another stimulus is known as a. instrumental conditioning b. classical conditioning c. operant conditioning d. observational conditioning ____ 36. Pavlov found that meat powder placed on a dog's tongue will make the dog salivate. In Pavlov's terms, the meat powder is a. an unconditioned stimulus b. ...
... another stimulus is known as a. instrumental conditioning b. classical conditioning c. operant conditioning d. observational conditioning ____ 36. Pavlov found that meat powder placed on a dog's tongue will make the dog salivate. In Pavlov's terms, the meat powder is a. an unconditioned stimulus b. ...
Regulation of Action-Potential Firing in Spiny Neurons of the Rat
... (interaural coordinates AP 12.2, ML 02.0, and DV 7.4) and substantia nigra (coordinates AP 3.6, ML 1.6, and DV 1.6) and fixed in place with dental cement. A flap of bone (from 8.5–12.5 mm anterior to the interaural line and 1.0–4.5 mm lateral to the midline) was removed to expose the dura, which was ...
... (interaural coordinates AP 12.2, ML 02.0, and DV 7.4) and substantia nigra (coordinates AP 3.6, ML 1.6, and DV 1.6) and fixed in place with dental cement. A flap of bone (from 8.5–12.5 mm anterior to the interaural line and 1.0–4.5 mm lateral to the midline) was removed to expose the dura, which was ...
Chapter 8 - Basic Electrophysiology
... When a more detailed knowledge of channel structure is included, as in the DiFrancesco-Noble model for cardiac membrane, each of the individual ionic components, e.g., IK is found in turn as a sum of the currents through each kind of channel or pump through which that ion moves. The total transmembr ...
... When a more detailed knowledge of channel structure is included, as in the DiFrancesco-Noble model for cardiac membrane, each of the individual ionic components, e.g., IK is found in turn as a sum of the currents through each kind of channel or pump through which that ion moves. The total transmembr ...
Modulation of Behavior by Expected Reward Magnitude Depends
... striatum in modulation of reward-directed responding by visual cues. Different groups of rats subjected to infusion of 6-hydroxydopamine or vehicle into the posterior part of the dorsomedial striatum (pDMS) were tested in three experiments. In experiment 1, rats were examined in an operant task dema ...
... striatum in modulation of reward-directed responding by visual cues. Different groups of rats subjected to infusion of 6-hydroxydopamine or vehicle into the posterior part of the dorsomedial striatum (pDMS) were tested in three experiments. In experiment 1, rats were examined in an operant task dema ...
Dissertation 20161009 Text Citations
... suggested a linear response in the amygdala, with increased activation associated with highly untrustworthy faces, most current research suggests a quadratic response, with increased activation associated with both highly trustworthy and highly untrustworthy faces. The quadratic response in the amyg ...
... suggested a linear response in the amygdala, with increased activation associated with highly untrustworthy faces, most current research suggests a quadratic response, with increased activation associated with both highly trustworthy and highly untrustworthy faces. The quadratic response in the amyg ...
Document
... This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: •Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; •Preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images • ...
... This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: •Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; •Preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images • ...
Chapter 4 monkey
... Thompson 2008). It therefore appears that this area is an integral part of the circuitries which mediate both attentional and decision-making processes if the task requires an eye movement response. The roles of area FEF and the principal sulcus (PS) in decision making have been investigated in a ta ...
... Thompson 2008). It therefore appears that this area is an integral part of the circuitries which mediate both attentional and decision-making processes if the task requires an eye movement response. The roles of area FEF and the principal sulcus (PS) in decision making have been investigated in a ta ...
Sensory Systems - Zanichelli online per la scuola
... • How do sensory cells convert stimuli into action potentials? • How do sensory systems detect chemical stimuli? • How do sensory systems detect mechanical forces? • How do sensory systems detect ...
... • How do sensory cells convert stimuli into action potentials? • How do sensory systems detect chemical stimuli? • How do sensory systems detect mechanical forces? • How do sensory systems detect ...
Center-Surround Interactions in the Middle Temporal Visual Area of
... every 100 m to obtain adequate spatial sampling. In situations where this was not possible, multi-unit activity was recorded. Once the location of the receptive field was found, its borders were mapped with a light bar using the minimal response technique (Barlow et al. 1967). This region will be s ...
... every 100 m to obtain adequate spatial sampling. In situations where this was not possible, multi-unit activity was recorded. Once the location of the receptive field was found, its borders were mapped with a light bar using the minimal response technique (Barlow et al. 1967). This region will be s ...
Starosta, S., Güntürkün, O., Stüttgen, M.C., Stimulus
... of trials 1–p, the food hopper was illuminated for the same time but the food hopper was not activated (‘S+ food omission’). If the bird responded to S– (4 cpd in one session, 10 cpd in all others), all houselights were turned off for 5 s, and a clearly audible tone (sawtooth wave at 1000 Hz) was pr ...
... of trials 1–p, the food hopper was illuminated for the same time but the food hopper was not activated (‘S+ food omission’). If the bird responded to S– (4 cpd in one session, 10 cpd in all others), all houselights were turned off for 5 s, and a clearly audible tone (sawtooth wave at 1000 Hz) was pr ...
Theory - ocedtheories
... strengthens the desired response. It could be verbal praise, a good grade or a feeling of increased accomplishment or satisfaction. The theory also covers negative reinforcers -- any stimulus that results in the increased frequency of a response when it is withdrawn (different from adversive stimuli ...
... strengthens the desired response. It could be verbal praise, a good grade or a feeling of increased accomplishment or satisfaction. The theory also covers negative reinforcers -- any stimulus that results in the increased frequency of a response when it is withdrawn (different from adversive stimuli ...
PVLV: The Primary Value and Learned Value
... situations and actions can lead to subsequent reward. For example, initial exposure to the presence of cookies in a cookie jar can enable a subsequent dopamine-reinforced approach and opening of the jar. The TD algorithm corrects this critical limitation of the Rescorla–Wagner algorithm by adopting ...
... situations and actions can lead to subsequent reward. For example, initial exposure to the presence of cookies in a cookie jar can enable a subsequent dopamine-reinforced approach and opening of the jar. The TD algorithm corrects this critical limitation of the Rescorla–Wagner algorithm by adopting ...
Webb et al 2002 - User Web Areas at the University of York
... How does feedback from V1 and extraclassical stimulation modulate the activity of LGN neurons? To investigate the influence that feedback from the striate cortex has over extraclassical interactions in the LGN, we measured the modulated response of LGN neurons to gratings of a range of different con ...
... How does feedback from V1 and extraclassical stimulation modulate the activity of LGN neurons? To investigate the influence that feedback from the striate cortex has over extraclassical interactions in the LGN, we measured the modulated response of LGN neurons to gratings of a range of different con ...
VALUE-DEPENDENT SELECTION IN THE BRAIN: SIMULATION IN
... illustrate value-dependent acquisition of a simple foveation response to a visual stimulus. We then examine the improvement that ensues when the connections to the value system are themselves plastic and thus become able to mediate acquired value. Using a second-order conditioning paradigm, we demon ...
... illustrate value-dependent acquisition of a simple foveation response to a visual stimulus. We then examine the improvement that ensues when the connections to the value system are themselves plastic and thus become able to mediate acquired value. Using a second-order conditioning paradigm, we demon ...
Chapter 5 - Pearson Higher Education
... the preceding paragraph is called the unconditioned stimulus (UCS). The term unconditioned means “unlearned” or “naturally occurring.” This is the stimulus that ordinarily leads to the involuntary response. In the case of Pavlov’s dogs, the food is the unconditioned stimulus. Unconditioned Response ...
... the preceding paragraph is called the unconditioned stimulus (UCS). The term unconditioned means “unlearned” or “naturally occurring.” This is the stimulus that ordinarily leads to the involuntary response. In the case of Pavlov’s dogs, the food is the unconditioned stimulus. Unconditioned Response ...
1. Transducers and Sensors
... actuators and feedback belongs to a course in Control theory. A sensor can be considered in its bare form, or bundled with some electronics (amplifiers, decoders, filters, and even computers). We will use the word instrument to refer to a sensor together with some of its associated electronics. The ...
... actuators and feedback belongs to a course in Control theory. A sensor can be considered in its bare form, or bundled with some electronics (amplifiers, decoders, filters, and even computers). We will use the word instrument to refer to a sensor together with some of its associated electronics. The ...
a higher-order conditioning experiment
... cingulate cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex that have more regulatory and general information processing functions [14]. Under normal circumstances, these neural substrates are involved in behaviors that are needed for survival, such as obtaining food, sex, and other natural rewards. However, afte ...
... cingulate cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex that have more regulatory and general information processing functions [14]. Under normal circumstances, these neural substrates are involved in behaviors that are needed for survival, such as obtaining food, sex, and other natural rewards. However, afte ...
Shapes and Level Tolerances of Frequency Tuning Curves in
... that eFTC are best thought of as forming a continuum of shapes, rather than falling into discrete categories. A1 eFTCs tended to be more level tolerant than eFTCs from earlier stations in the ascending auditory system as inferred from other studies. While individual peaks of multipeaked eFTCs were s ...
... that eFTC are best thought of as forming a continuum of shapes, rather than falling into discrete categories. A1 eFTCs tended to be more level tolerant than eFTCs from earlier stations in the ascending auditory system as inferred from other studies. While individual peaks of multipeaked eFTCs were s ...
Can the negative deflections found with EEG on frontocentral
... Electroencephalography (EEG) is an non-invasive method to measure brain activity in healthy subjects. By measuring the electric field on the subjects scalp, researchers are trying to identify different processes, brain states, brain oscillations or find markers of mental diseases. An event-related p ...
... Electroencephalography (EEG) is an non-invasive method to measure brain activity in healthy subjects. By measuring the electric field on the subjects scalp, researchers are trying to identify different processes, brain states, brain oscillations or find markers of mental diseases. An event-related p ...