Memory - Course Notes
... Primary reinforcer - reinforcer that is rewarding in itself, such as food, water, and sex Secondary reinforcer - reinforcer whose value is learned through association with other primary or secondary reinforcers Contingency - a reliable ‘if-then’ relationship between two events such as a CS and US Bl ...
... Primary reinforcer - reinforcer that is rewarding in itself, such as food, water, and sex Secondary reinforcer - reinforcer whose value is learned through association with other primary or secondary reinforcers Contingency - a reliable ‘if-then’ relationship between two events such as a CS and US Bl ...
Chapter 3 The Process of Science: Studying Animal Behavior
... 3.3 Distinguish habituation, imprinting, and conditioning as forms of learning Some of the most interesting cases involve imprinting. Imprinting is learning that is limited to a specific time period in an animal's life and that is usually irreversible imprinting takes place during a particu ...
... 3.3 Distinguish habituation, imprinting, and conditioning as forms of learning Some of the most interesting cases involve imprinting. Imprinting is learning that is limited to a specific time period in an animal's life and that is usually irreversible imprinting takes place during a particu ...
Notes - Interpersonal Research Laboratory
... satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected with the situation, so that, when it recurs, they will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort to the animal will, other things being equal, have their connections to th ...
... satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected with the situation, so that, when it recurs, they will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort to the animal will, other things being equal, have their connections to th ...
FREE Sample Here
... 9. After repeatedly being beaten by his father, Edward begins to show signs of fearing other men as well as his father. Edward’s fear of other men can be explained by: a. sensory preconditioning *b. generalization c. higher-order conditioning d. stimulus discrimination 10. Matthew once had a teacher ...
... 9. After repeatedly being beaten by his father, Edward begins to show signs of fearing other men as well as his father. Edward’s fear of other men can be explained by: a. sensory preconditioning *b. generalization c. higher-order conditioning d. stimulus discrimination 10. Matthew once had a teacher ...
Sensory memory
... Primary reinforcer - reinforcer that is rewarding in itself, such as food, water, and sex Secondary reinforcer - reinforcer whose value is learned through association with other primary or secondary reinforcers Contingency - a reliable ‘if-then’ relationship between two events such as a CS and US Bl ...
... Primary reinforcer - reinforcer that is rewarding in itself, such as food, water, and sex Secondary reinforcer - reinforcer whose value is learned through association with other primary or secondary reinforcers Contingency - a reliable ‘if-then’ relationship between two events such as a CS and US Bl ...
Learning, Memory, & Thinking
... • Learning can occur without obvious rewards; rats will explore a maze and learn it. (But they will learn it faster if rewarded.) This is known as latent learning, learning that becomes apparent only when there is some incentive to demonstrate it. (Tolman) ...
... • Learning can occur without obvious rewards; rats will explore a maze and learn it. (But they will learn it faster if rewarded.) This is known as latent learning, learning that becomes apparent only when there is some incentive to demonstrate it. (Tolman) ...
Introduction to Learning Theory and Behavioral Psychology
... initial learning may produce the same reaction Stimulus discrimination – the ability to distinguish between similar stimuli and to respond only to the one that results in the reinforcers WWW.SMSO.NET ...
... initial learning may produce the same reaction Stimulus discrimination – the ability to distinguish between similar stimuli and to respond only to the one that results in the reinforcers WWW.SMSO.NET ...
LearningBehavior Grounded in Experiences
... Providing a reminder stimulus and assessing its educational effect on clinical behavior is tremendously thought provoking. The authors propose that the simple act of making the data more available (the stimulus) elicits a more frequent response by clinicians who strive for euglycemia by ...
... Providing a reminder stimulus and assessing its educational effect on clinical behavior is tremendously thought provoking. The authors propose that the simple act of making the data more available (the stimulus) elicits a more frequent response by clinicians who strive for euglycemia by ...
CHAPTER 2
... Rational-emotive therapy helps clients question irrational beliefs and modify unrealistic thoughts. ...
... Rational-emotive therapy helps clients question irrational beliefs and modify unrealistic thoughts. ...
Chapter 5 Learning
... the general rules about classical conditioning. Animals can learn to avoid poisonous food even if there is a lengthy interval between eating the food and becoming ill. In many cases, only one pairing of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli is necessary for learning to take place. ...
... the general rules about classical conditioning. Animals can learn to avoid poisonous food even if there is a lengthy interval between eating the food and becoming ill. In many cases, only one pairing of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli is necessary for learning to take place. ...
Using Behavioral Techniques in the Classroom
... Intermittent: reinforcement is delivered after some of the responses rather than all of them. Ratio schedule: reinforcement is contingent upon the emission of a certain number of responses. Interval schedule: reinforcement is contingent upon the amount of time that passes before a response can ...
... Intermittent: reinforcement is delivered after some of the responses rather than all of them. Ratio schedule: reinforcement is contingent upon the emission of a certain number of responses. Interval schedule: reinforcement is contingent upon the amount of time that passes before a response can ...
LEARNING AND INFORMATION PROCESSING
... behaviour that has good consequences will tend to be repeated, and any behaviour that has bad consequences will tend to be avoided. In the 1930s, another psychologist, B. F. Skinner, extended this idea and began to study operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which respo ...
... behaviour that has good consequences will tend to be repeated, and any behaviour that has bad consequences will tend to be avoided. In the 1930s, another psychologist, B. F. Skinner, extended this idea and began to study operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which respo ...
Module 53: The Psychological Therapies, Summary Notes
... It associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxietytriggering stimuli and is often used to treat phobias. It has been criticized for making no attempt to help you understand the cause of your fear. (b). Aversive Conditioning It associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted be ...
... It associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxietytriggering stimuli and is often used to treat phobias. It has been criticized for making no attempt to help you understand the cause of your fear. (b). Aversive Conditioning It associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted be ...
Chapter 2 Outline
... topics and order of questions and can ask follow-up questions based on the responses. Questionnaire: Printed questions that participants fill out and return. 2. Naturalistic and Laboratory Observation Naturalistic observation: Behavior is studied in natural settings without intervention or manip ...
... topics and order of questions and can ask follow-up questions based on the responses. Questionnaire: Printed questions that participants fill out and return. 2. Naturalistic and Laboratory Observation Naturalistic observation: Behavior is studied in natural settings without intervention or manip ...
Psychology Fall Study Guide
... 9. Role theory suggests that people who are hypnotized a. revert to childish behavior. b. are faking it to please other observers. c. believe what they are doing is real. d. alter their state of consciousness through stimulants 10. B. F. Skinner’s experiments on rats and pigeons yielded information ...
... 9. Role theory suggests that people who are hypnotized a. revert to childish behavior. b. are faking it to please other observers. c. believe what they are doing is real. d. alter their state of consciousness through stimulants 10. B. F. Skinner’s experiments on rats and pigeons yielded information ...
Behavior Modification Seminar Series Winter 2003
... Derived from a Scientific Approach to the Study of Psychopathology Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and Classical Conditioning ...
... Derived from a Scientific Approach to the Study of Psychopathology Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and Classical Conditioning ...
1. Neuro-biological Perspective
... - The external environmental stimuli shape and control the persons actions. - Behaviors are learned depending on whether they are rewarded or not. ** scientific approach to study behavior, (differ from psychoanalytic theory). ...
... - The external environmental stimuli shape and control the persons actions. - Behaviors are learned depending on whether they are rewarded or not. ** scientific approach to study behavior, (differ from psychoanalytic theory). ...
PSY105 Neural Networks 2/5
... • A Hebb Rule for weight change between two neurons is: – Δ weight = activity 1 x activity 2 x learning rate constant ...
... • A Hebb Rule for weight change between two neurons is: – Δ weight = activity 1 x activity 2 x learning rate constant ...
Learning - Psychological Sciences
... conditioning, the neutral stimulus (now Conditioned Stimulus, CS) elicits salivation (now Conditioned Response, CR) ...
... conditioning, the neutral stimulus (now Conditioned Stimulus, CS) elicits salivation (now Conditioned Response, CR) ...
lecture 11
... The learned-helplessness effect the yoked group received the same number of shocks as the escape group, so the failure to learn is not simply due to having received shock in phase 1 rather, the failure to learn was due to the inability to control shock in phase 1 no matter which response they ...
... The learned-helplessness effect the yoked group received the same number of shocks as the escape group, so the failure to learn is not simply due to having received shock in phase 1 rather, the failure to learn was due to the inability to control shock in phase 1 no matter which response they ...
I. BF Skinner
... Skinner believed we sometimes are reinforced by accident after we have displayed a behavior. A baseball player who felt he had to wear his cap a certain way in order to hit the ball or having a certain routine that seems to be “lucky” would be called by Skinner as, superstitious behavior. A single r ...
... Skinner believed we sometimes are reinforced by accident after we have displayed a behavior. A baseball player who felt he had to wear his cap a certain way in order to hit the ball or having a certain routine that seems to be “lucky” would be called by Skinner as, superstitious behavior. A single r ...
Understanding Psychology Charles G. Morris Albert A. Maisto Tenth
... simply wait for this action to happen. Thorndike, for example, waited for his cats to trip the latch that opened the door to his puzzle boxes. Then he rewarded them with fish. But when there are many opportunities for making irrelevant responses, waiting can be slow and tedious. If you were an anima ...
... simply wait for this action to happen. Thorndike, for example, waited for his cats to trip the latch that opened the door to his puzzle boxes. Then he rewarded them with fish. But when there are many opportunities for making irrelevant responses, waiting can be slow and tedious. If you were an anima ...
Animal Behavior
... imprinting, the process by which an animal follows an object, normally its biological mother. He found that for a short time after hatching, chicks are genetically inclined to identify their mother’s sound and appearance and thereby form a permanent bond with her. ...
... imprinting, the process by which an animal follows an object, normally its biological mother. He found that for a short time after hatching, chicks are genetically inclined to identify their mother’s sound and appearance and thereby form a permanent bond with her. ...
Operant conditioning
Operant conditioning (also, “instrumental conditioning”) is a learning process in which behavior is sensitive to, or controlled by its consequences. For example, a child may learn to open a box to get the candy inside, or learn to avoid touching a hot stove. In contrast, classical conditioning causes a stimulus to signal a positive or negative consequence; the resulting behavior does not produce the consequence. For example, the sight of a colorful wrapper comes to signal ""candy"", causing a child to salivate, or the sound of a door slam comes to signal an angry parent, causing a child to tremble. The study of animal learning in the 20th century was dominated by the analysis of these two sorts of learning, and they are still at the core of behavior analysis.