Classical Conditioning
... course, the dog salivates instinctively in response to the food, but "learns" to salivate to the sound of the bell, much as you might find your mouth watering at the site, smell, or even memory of your favorite food. Pavlov used this relatively simple experiment as a model for describing much of the ...
... course, the dog salivates instinctively in response to the food, but "learns" to salivate to the sound of the bell, much as you might find your mouth watering at the site, smell, or even memory of your favorite food. Pavlov used this relatively simple experiment as a model for describing much of the ...
Classical Conditioning Definition A form of associative learning
... 2. If the US is food, the UR is the dog beginning to drool or salivate as a result of the food. Or simply put, food causes dogs to drool. For us, this might be the feeling of hunger when discussing our favorite meal. iii. Neutral Stimulus (NS) 1. The NS is some sort of occurrence that does not elici ...
... 2. If the US is food, the UR is the dog beginning to drool or salivate as a result of the food. Or simply put, food causes dogs to drool. For us, this might be the feeling of hunger when discussing our favorite meal. iii. Neutral Stimulus (NS) 1. The NS is some sort of occurrence that does not elici ...
Words at Work: Learning terms like "positive punishment"
... signify something that increases the frequency of a behavior, and for punishment to be something that decreases it. It's not hard to label chunks of organic chicken, liberally handed out at the right time, as reinforcements. And it makes sense that correcting a dog with a choke collar every time he ...
... signify something that increases the frequency of a behavior, and for punishment to be something that decreases it. It's not hard to label chunks of organic chicken, liberally handed out at the right time, as reinforcements. And it makes sense that correcting a dog with a choke collar every time he ...
Answer Key - Psychological Associates of South Florida
... 23. One-year-old Eunice is not overly fearful of strangers but she clearly prefers being held by her mother than by anyone else. Her behavior best illustrates: A) conservation. B) the rooting reflex. C) egocentrism. D) secure attachment. ...
... 23. One-year-old Eunice is not overly fearful of strangers but she clearly prefers being held by her mother than by anyone else. Her behavior best illustrates: A) conservation. B) the rooting reflex. C) egocentrism. D) secure attachment. ...
THE SHAPING OF PHYLOGENIC BEHAVIOR An unusual
... A distinction is often made in discussing homing behavior or migration between "knowing where to go" and "knowing how to find the way", but the concept of knowledge causes trouble. The organism begins to migrate or home by responding to current stimuli; some of its responses may produce other stimul ...
... A distinction is often made in discussing homing behavior or migration between "knowing where to go" and "knowing how to find the way", but the concept of knowledge causes trouble. The organism begins to migrate or home by responding to current stimuli; some of its responses may produce other stimul ...
EPSY 6325 THEORIES OF COUNSELING
... EPSY 6325 THEORIES OF COUNSELING STUDY GUIDE Exam 3: Behavioral; Cognitive Behavioral; Feminist; Solution Brief Therapy ...
... EPSY 6325 THEORIES OF COUNSELING STUDY GUIDE Exam 3: Behavioral; Cognitive Behavioral; Feminist; Solution Brief Therapy ...
Chapter 5
... • Extinction – weakening and disappearance of learned response; occurs when response is no longer followed by reinforcer (coin in vending machine NO candy) • Stimulus Generalization – response reinforced (or punished) in the presence of one stimulus to occur (or suppressed) in the presence of other ...
... • Extinction – weakening and disappearance of learned response; occurs when response is no longer followed by reinforcer (coin in vending machine NO candy) • Stimulus Generalization – response reinforced (or punished) in the presence of one stimulus to occur (or suppressed) in the presence of other ...
Chapter 7 - Science of Psychology
... E. L. Thorndike put cats in a "puzzle box." The cat had to work a lever to escape from the box. Thorndike believed that when the cat made the correct response, it was rewarded with escape and food. This reward, according to Thorndike, simply made the correct response a little more likely. Thorndike ...
... E. L. Thorndike put cats in a "puzzle box." The cat had to work a lever to escape from the box. Thorndike believed that when the cat made the correct response, it was rewarded with escape and food. This reward, according to Thorndike, simply made the correct response a little more likely. Thorndike ...
and the Shuttle Box Experiment The Shuttle Box
... There is no paradox: No such thing as avoidance, just escape. In both cases, fear is being escaped Two kinds of learning involved with avoidance: Pavlovian and operant Dog learns to jump hurdle to escape the shock – Jumping is negatively reinforcing What reinforces jumping when there is no shock to ...
... There is no paradox: No such thing as avoidance, just escape. In both cases, fear is being escaped Two kinds of learning involved with avoidance: Pavlovian and operant Dog learns to jump hurdle to escape the shock – Jumping is negatively reinforcing What reinforces jumping when there is no shock to ...
Bolt ModEP7e LG18.61-64B
... Research indicates that, for many animals, cognitive appraisals are important for learning. That is, thoughts and perceptions are important to the conditioning process. For example, animals appear capable of learning when to expect an unconditioned stimulus. The more predictable the association betw ...
... Research indicates that, for many animals, cognitive appraisals are important for learning. That is, thoughts and perceptions are important to the conditioning process. For example, animals appear capable of learning when to expect an unconditioned stimulus. The more predictable the association betw ...
Memory
... call classical conditioning - learning to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events. His work provided a basis for behaviorism - the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. ...
... call classical conditioning - learning to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events. His work provided a basis for behaviorism - the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. ...
Development of Behavior
... 3. Spatial learning – using learned patterns of features to move around in one’s environment 4. Associative Learning - acquired connection between a stimulus and a response that did not exist before. Habit formation a. classical conditioning b. operant conditioning 5. Cognitive Learning - problem so ...
... 3. Spatial learning – using learned patterns of features to move around in one’s environment 4. Associative Learning - acquired connection between a stimulus and a response that did not exist before. Habit formation a. classical conditioning b. operant conditioning 5. Cognitive Learning - problem so ...
File
... • A partial reinforcement schedule that rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses • This schedule is very resistant to extinction. • Sometimes called the “gambler’s schedule”; similar to a slot machine ...
... • A partial reinforcement schedule that rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses • This schedule is very resistant to extinction. • Sometimes called the “gambler’s schedule”; similar to a slot machine ...
Chapter 12 Personality
... optimistic/positive vs pessimistic/negative exploratory/risk-taking vs cautious/anxious ...
... optimistic/positive vs pessimistic/negative exploratory/risk-taking vs cautious/anxious ...
File
... over. Why? Salivation is an involuntary reflex, while sitting up and rolling over are far more complex responses that we think of as voluntary. ...
... over. Why? Salivation is an involuntary reflex, while sitting up and rolling over are far more complex responses that we think of as voluntary. ...
Watson experiment on classical conditioning
... Law of discrimination: An organism can also respond to only the stimulus that has conditioned and not to other stimuli. ...
... Law of discrimination: An organism can also respond to only the stimulus that has conditioned and not to other stimuli. ...
Chapter 5: Learning and Behavior A. Learning
... D. Behavioral Discrepancy-only a stimulus that evokes a behavioral change can function as a reinforcer 1. Something more than temporal contiguity is required to illicit a response 2. If you are conditioned to one thing in the environment as a conditioned stimulus, you are less likely to produce a c ...
... D. Behavioral Discrepancy-only a stimulus that evokes a behavioral change can function as a reinforcer 1. Something more than temporal contiguity is required to illicit a response 2. If you are conditioned to one thing in the environment as a conditioned stimulus, you are less likely to produce a c ...
Need Theories - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... McClelland’s Needs for Achievement, Affiliation, and Power Need for Affiliation └ Concerned about establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations, being liked, and having the people around him get along with each other ...
... McClelland’s Needs for Achievement, Affiliation, and Power Need for Affiliation └ Concerned about establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations, being liked, and having the people around him get along with each other ...
Ch4slides - Blackwell Publishing
... through laboratory studies of animals but are also applicable to humans. Indeed, these basic principles have been applied to the analysis of human conditions such as obsessive– ...
... through laboratory studies of animals but are also applicable to humans. Indeed, these basic principles have been applied to the analysis of human conditions such as obsessive– ...
Module 10 Presentation
... UCS, UCR, CS, and CR. • If the situation is an example of operant conditioning, decide which of the four consequences applies (positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, or negative punishment). ...
... UCS, UCR, CS, and CR. • If the situation is an example of operant conditioning, decide which of the four consequences applies (positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, or negative punishment). ...
History and Approches 2014 Review
... • Behaviors explained in terms of learning (conditioning) • Behaviors are performed and based on its consequence will be either repeated or not • Ex: If our extroverted subject was praised for doing so, then the behavior will continue. The opposite can be said of punishment • Looks at environmental ...
... • Behaviors explained in terms of learning (conditioning) • Behaviors are performed and based on its consequence will be either repeated or not • Ex: If our extroverted subject was praised for doing so, then the behavior will continue. The opposite can be said of punishment • Looks at environmental ...
Chapter 5 Study Guide: True / False _____ 1. Ivan Pavlov
... _____ 10. A soldier who became drug addicted while fighting in another country has better odds of full recovery than a teenager who becomes addicted on the streets. (Page 168) _____ 11. B.F. Skinner tried to forge a career as a writer prior to going into psychology, but he found that he was not succ ...
... _____ 10. A soldier who became drug addicted while fighting in another country has better odds of full recovery than a teenager who becomes addicted on the streets. (Page 168) _____ 11. B.F. Skinner tried to forge a career as a writer prior to going into psychology, but he found that he was not succ ...
Classical Conditioning - Soundview Preparatory School
... stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light predicts the tone and begin responding to the light alone. (Also called second-order conditioning.) ...
... stimulus. For example, an animal that has learned that a tone predicts food might then learn that a light predicts the tone and begin responding to the light alone. (Also called second-order conditioning.) ...
Operant conditioning
Operant conditioning (also, “instrumental conditioning”) is a learning process in which behavior is sensitive to, or controlled by its consequences. For example, a child may learn to open a box to get the candy inside, or learn to avoid touching a hot stove. In contrast, classical conditioning causes a stimulus to signal a positive or negative consequence; the resulting behavior does not produce the consequence. For example, the sight of a colorful wrapper comes to signal ""candy"", causing a child to salivate, or the sound of a door slam comes to signal an angry parent, causing a child to tremble. The study of animal learning in the 20th century was dominated by the analysis of these two sorts of learning, and they are still at the core of behavior analysis.