A New Subunit of Cytochrome b6f Complex Undergoes Reversible
... Protein Isolation, Separation, and Analysis—Biochemical analyses were carried out on cells grown to a density of about 2 ⫻ 106 cells per milliliter. For polypeptide analysis, samples were resuspended in 100 mM 1,4-dithiothreitol and 100 mM Na2CO3 and solubilized in the presence of 2% SDS at 100 °C f ...
... Protein Isolation, Separation, and Analysis—Biochemical analyses were carried out on cells grown to a density of about 2 ⫻ 106 cells per milliliter. For polypeptide analysis, samples were resuspended in 100 mM 1,4-dithiothreitol and 100 mM Na2CO3 and solubilized in the presence of 2% SDS at 100 °C f ...
A Stable Serine Protease, Wrightin, from the Latex of the Plant
... constant current of 2 mA per rod for 4 h. After the run, tube gels were fixed in fixing solution (30 mL methanol, 70 mL of distilled water, 3.45 g of sulfosalicylic acid, and 11.5 g of trichloroacetic acid in 100 mL of distilled water) for 1 h. The gels were stained with 0.1% (w/v) Coomassie brillia ...
... constant current of 2 mA per rod for 4 h. After the run, tube gels were fixed in fixing solution (30 mL methanol, 70 mL of distilled water, 3.45 g of sulfosalicylic acid, and 11.5 g of trichloroacetic acid in 100 mL of distilled water) for 1 h. The gels were stained with 0.1% (w/v) Coomassie brillia ...
TY10618.CHP:Corel VENTURA
... Urine samples collected from the rainbow trout were subjected to free-form amino acid and bile acid analyses. For amino acid analysis, a 150 µl of urine sample was directly loaded on an amino acid analyzer (L-8500; Hitachi, Tokyo) without pretreatment for hydrolysis and protein removal. Amino acid a ...
... Urine samples collected from the rainbow trout were subjected to free-form amino acid and bile acid analyses. For amino acid analysis, a 150 µl of urine sample was directly loaded on an amino acid analyzer (L-8500; Hitachi, Tokyo) without pretreatment for hydrolysis and protein removal. Amino acid a ...
Multidrug resistance mediated by the ATP-binding
... Sequences were aligned along their entire length with MRP using CLUSTAL W(1.6) multiple sequence alignment. Sequence data were obtained using the following accession numbers: MRP, L05628/P33527; mrp, AF022908/1488428; MOAT, U49248/U63970; EBCR, 1430907/Z49144; C. elegans mrp1, U66260; C. elegans mrp ...
... Sequences were aligned along their entire length with MRP using CLUSTAL W(1.6) multiple sequence alignment. Sequence data were obtained using the following accession numbers: MRP, L05628/P33527; mrp, AF022908/1488428; MOAT, U49248/U63970; EBCR, 1430907/Z49144; C. elegans mrp1, U66260; C. elegans mrp ...
niculescu m - Revista de Chimie
... combined processes for extracting collagen from these by-products may have a very high efficiency in separation of chromium, so that its content in collagen polydispersions would be within the strict limits allowed for drinking water (max. 50 ppb), well below the values reported in other works [20]. ...
... combined processes for extracting collagen from these by-products may have a very high efficiency in separation of chromium, so that its content in collagen polydispersions would be within the strict limits allowed for drinking water (max. 50 ppb), well below the values reported in other works [20]. ...
Thermo Scientific Solutions for Quantitative
... TO UNDERSTAND the functions of individual proteins and their place in complex biological systems, it is often necessary to measure changes in protein abundance relative to changes in the state of the system. As such, modern proteomics has evolved from an almost exclusively qualitative technique into ...
... TO UNDERSTAND the functions of individual proteins and their place in complex biological systems, it is often necessary to measure changes in protein abundance relative to changes in the state of the system. As such, modern proteomics has evolved from an almost exclusively qualitative technique into ...
Functional analysis of polar amino
... photobleacher and visualized using an Olympus fluorescent microscope. Some cells were treated with 4 0 ,6-diamidino2-phenyl indole to show localization of DNA. Trypsin treatment of microsomal membranes Total membrane (microsomal) fractions were diluted to a protein concentration of 2 mg´mL21 in 1 mm ...
... photobleacher and visualized using an Olympus fluorescent microscope. Some cells were treated with 4 0 ,6-diamidino2-phenyl indole to show localization of DNA. Trypsin treatment of microsomal membranes Total membrane (microsomal) fractions were diluted to a protein concentration of 2 mg´mL21 in 1 mm ...
Comparison of the activities of protein disulphide
... surface proteins. The cellular and subcellular distribution of the its developmental properties and its catalytic activities in vitro are all consistent with this role (reviewed in Freedman, 1984; Freedman et al., 1989). The activity of PDI as a catalyst of protein folding in vitro is remarkable for ...
... surface proteins. The cellular and subcellular distribution of the its developmental properties and its catalytic activities in vitro are all consistent with this role (reviewed in Freedman, 1984; Freedman et al., 1989). The activity of PDI as a catalyst of protein folding in vitro is remarkable for ...
0Gcn2BJ2final
... regulation and perception are mostly unknown. We have identified two yeast genes important for tolerance to intracellular acidification caused by weak permeable acids. One corresponded to LEU2 and functions by removing the dependency of the leu2 mutant host strain on uptake of extracellular leucine. ...
... regulation and perception are mostly unknown. We have identified two yeast genes important for tolerance to intracellular acidification caused by weak permeable acids. One corresponded to LEU2 and functions by removing the dependency of the leu2 mutant host strain on uptake of extracellular leucine. ...
How Translocons Select Transmembrane Helices
... translating the mRNA of a protein targeted for secretion across or insertion into membranes and a signal of a recognition particle (SRP), which is a GTPase. The structures of ribosomes are reviewed in References 18 and 62, and the structure of SRP is reviewed in Reference 54. (Step 2) The ribosome a ...
... translating the mRNA of a protein targeted for secretion across or insertion into membranes and a signal of a recognition particle (SRP), which is a GTPase. The structures of ribosomes are reviewed in References 18 and 62, and the structure of SRP is reviewed in Reference 54. (Step 2) The ribosome a ...
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... WzcCPS include the site(s) of phosphorylation of the protein and that phosphorylation at this site is essential for assembly of HMW K30 CPS (43). This C-terminal region is tyrosine rich, with seven tyrosine residues in the last 17 amino acids. Similar features were reported for a number of Wzc homol ...
... WzcCPS include the site(s) of phosphorylation of the protein and that phosphorylation at this site is essential for assembly of HMW K30 CPS (43). This C-terminal region is tyrosine rich, with seven tyrosine residues in the last 17 amino acids. Similar features were reported for a number of Wzc homol ...
A Personal Account of Chaperonin History
... in the same E. coli cell. The total amount of Rubisco protein expressed by E. coli was approximately the same whether or not one also over-expressed GroE. What was dramatically different, however, was the fate of Rubisco. In the cells that over-expressed GroE nearly all of the Rubisco was soluble an ...
... in the same E. coli cell. The total amount of Rubisco protein expressed by E. coli was approximately the same whether or not one also over-expressed GroE. What was dramatically different, however, was the fate of Rubisco. In the cells that over-expressed GroE nearly all of the Rubisco was soluble an ...
Solubility of recombinant Src homology 2 domains expressed in E
... SH2 domain sequence (S90-R188) revealed that the βC strand of the human TSAd SH2 domain (Figure 1) harbours a nine aa sequence (SAVTFVLTY) with near 100% propensity for intermolecular beta-sheet aggregation (Figure 3A). Similar results were obtained for the murine and rat sequences, whereas no beta- ...
... SH2 domain sequence (S90-R188) revealed that the βC strand of the human TSAd SH2 domain (Figure 1) harbours a nine aa sequence (SAVTFVLTY) with near 100% propensity for intermolecular beta-sheet aggregation (Figure 3A). Similar results were obtained for the murine and rat sequences, whereas no beta- ...
The Amino-terminal Domain of the Golgi Protein Giantin Interacts
... in pSTBlue-1 (Novagen) for Gtn450 –3187, and in pBluescript II for all other Giantin fragments. 50-!l reactions were performed using a T7 RNA polymerase kit following the manufacturer’s instructions (Promega, Madison, WI) using 1 !g of plasmid DNA, the amino acid mix without methionine, and 4 !l of ...
... in pSTBlue-1 (Novagen) for Gtn450 –3187, and in pBluescript II for all other Giantin fragments. 50-!l reactions were performed using a T7 RNA polymerase kit following the manufacturer’s instructions (Promega, Madison, WI) using 1 !g of plasmid DNA, the amino acid mix without methionine, and 4 !l of ...
The important role of
... a sufficient concentration of Yeast Assimilable Nitrogen. This type of nitrogen (YAN) is composed of amino acids, some small peptides and ammonium that can be used by yeast cells not only to complete fermentation, but also to ...
... a sufficient concentration of Yeast Assimilable Nitrogen. This type of nitrogen (YAN) is composed of amino acids, some small peptides and ammonium that can be used by yeast cells not only to complete fermentation, but also to ...
Storage globulins pass through the Golgi apparatus and
... During seed development and maturation, large amounts of storage proteins are synthesized and deposited in protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to be responsible for transporting storage proteins to PSVs in developing seeds. In this study, a specific antibody was r ...
... During seed development and maturation, large amounts of storage proteins are synthesized and deposited in protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to be responsible for transporting storage proteins to PSVs in developing seeds. In this study, a specific antibody was r ...
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Mitogen
... transcription factor MyoD to activate muscle-specific gene expression (Lluis et al., 2005). Whereas, at later stages of differentiation, p38 MAPK phosphorylates the transcription factor MRF4 thereby repressing its transcriptional activity (Suelves et al., 2004). 2) phosphorylation of the SWI/SNF chr ...
... transcription factor MyoD to activate muscle-specific gene expression (Lluis et al., 2005). Whereas, at later stages of differentiation, p38 MAPK phosphorylates the transcription factor MRF4 thereby repressing its transcriptional activity (Suelves et al., 2004). 2) phosphorylation of the SWI/SNF chr ...
A Lipid Transfer–like Protein Is Necessary for Lily
... adhesive nature of the transmitting tract or its secretions until recently. This is probably due to the fact that chemical fixation can remove or disrupt the adhesive components, and the result is that pollen tubes appear to grow in a fluid matrix separated from the transmitting tract cells of hollo ...
... adhesive nature of the transmitting tract or its secretions until recently. This is probably due to the fact that chemical fixation can remove or disrupt the adhesive components, and the result is that pollen tubes appear to grow in a fluid matrix separated from the transmitting tract cells of hollo ...
Designing logical codon reassignment
... and UAA over the endogenous amino acids and tRNAs. Enhanced selectivity has been achieved by transferring an aaRS/tRNA pair from another kingdom to the organism of interest, and subsequent aaRS evolution to acquire enhanced selectivity for the desired UAA. Today, over 150 non-canonical amino acids h ...
... and UAA over the endogenous amino acids and tRNAs. Enhanced selectivity has been achieved by transferring an aaRS/tRNA pair from another kingdom to the organism of interest, and subsequent aaRS evolution to acquire enhanced selectivity for the desired UAA. Today, over 150 non-canonical amino acids h ...
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the BRI1 receptor kinase occurs via a
... In metazoans, receptor kinases control many essential processes related to growth and development and response to the environment. The receptor kinases in plants and animals are structurally similar but evolutionarily distinct and thus while most animal receptor kinases are tyrosine kinases the plan ...
... In metazoans, receptor kinases control many essential processes related to growth and development and response to the environment. The receptor kinases in plants and animals are structurally similar but evolutionarily distinct and thus while most animal receptor kinases are tyrosine kinases the plan ...
Yeast
... PAGE (Figure 1 inset), proteins from peaks A (lanes 2) and B (lanes 3 and 4) are observed as single bands, whereas in fractions 60 and 65, in addition to a major band, other minor bands are observed. The overall recovery of protein was 100%, and 78% in terms of SOD activity. Purification on IMAC ind ...
... PAGE (Figure 1 inset), proteins from peaks A (lanes 2) and B (lanes 3 and 4) are observed as single bands, whereas in fractions 60 and 65, in addition to a major band, other minor bands are observed. The overall recovery of protein was 100%, and 78% in terms of SOD activity. Purification on IMAC ind ...
The Alzheimer Aβ Peptide: Identification of Properties Distinctive for Toxic Prefibrillar Species
... theoretical knowledge in protein science and gained valuable insights into how protein research is carried out. During the course of research, I was also enrolled in the Swedish National Graduate School in Science, Technology and Mathematics Education Research (FontD). Within this program, I’ve had ...
... theoretical knowledge in protein science and gained valuable insights into how protein research is carried out. During the course of research, I was also enrolled in the Swedish National Graduate School in Science, Technology and Mathematics Education Research (FontD). Within this program, I’ve had ...
Protein (nutrient)
Proteins are essential nutrients for the human body. They are one of the building blocks of body tissue, and can also serve as a fuel source. As a fuel, proteins contain 4 kcal per gram, just like carbohydrates and unlike lipids, which contain 9 kcal per gram. The most important aspect and defining characteristic of protein from a nutritional standpoint is its amino acid composition.Proteins are polymer chains made of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. During human digestion, proteins are broken down in the stomach to smaller polypeptide chains via hydrochloric acid and protease actions. This is crucial for the synthesis of the essential amino acids that cannot be biosynthesized by the body.There are nine essential amino acids which humans must obtain from their diet in order to prevent protein-energy malnutrition. They are phenylalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, and histidine. There are five dispensable amino acids which humans are able to synthesize in the body. These five are alanine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid and serine. There are six conditionally essential amino acids whose synthesis can be limited under special pathophysiological conditions, such as prematurity in the infant or individuals in severe catabolic distress. These six are arginine, cysteine, glycine, glutamine, proline and tyrosine.Humans need the essential amino acids in certain ratios. Some protein sources contain amino acids in a more or less 'complete' sense. This has given rise to various ranking systems for protein sources, as described in the article.Animal sources of protein include meats, dairy products, fish and eggs. Vegan sources of protein include whole grains, pulses, legumes, soy, and nuts. Vegetarians and vegans can get enough essential amino acids by eating a variety of plant proteins. It is commonly believed that athletes should consume a higher-than-normal protein intake to maintain optimal physical performance.