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JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]
... -The biosynthesis of new glucose -Substrates for gluconeogenesis include lactate, pyruvate, glycerol and glucogenic amino acids -Under normal circumstances, the liver is responsible for 85%95% of the glucose that is made **during starvation or metabolic acidosis, the kidney is capable of making gluc ...
... -The biosynthesis of new glucose -Substrates for gluconeogenesis include lactate, pyruvate, glycerol and glucogenic amino acids -Under normal circumstances, the liver is responsible for 85%95% of the glucose that is made **during starvation or metabolic acidosis, the kidney is capable of making gluc ...
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JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]
... 1. interconversion of lactate and pyruvate is catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an oxidized NAD+dependent enzyme Lactate + NAD+ <-> pyruvate +NADH + H+ a. In gluconeogenic tissues (liver), LDH usually runs this reaction in the direction of pyruvate formation b. In muscle cells and erythrocyt ...
... 1. interconversion of lactate and pyruvate is catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an oxidized NAD+dependent enzyme Lactate + NAD+ <-> pyruvate +NADH + H+ a. In gluconeogenic tissues (liver), LDH usually runs this reaction in the direction of pyruvate formation b. In muscle cells and erythrocyt ...
Cell Resp. Power Point Brief SV
... ex: 1,3 Bisphosphate glycerate loses a phosphate to ADP-----> ATP 2) ______________________ Phosphorylation: Energy from redox reactions in electrontransport chain is used to make ATP. ...
... ex: 1,3 Bisphosphate glycerate loses a phosphate to ADP-----> ATP 2) ______________________ Phosphorylation: Energy from redox reactions in electrontransport chain is used to make ATP. ...
The Fermentation of Pyruvate
... ªReview: In the process of glycolysis, a net profit of two ATP was produced, two NAD+ were reduced to two NADH + H+, and glucose was split into two pyruvate molecules. ªWhen oxygen is not present, pyruvate will undergo a process called fermentation. In the process of fermentation the NADH + H+ fro ...
... ªReview: In the process of glycolysis, a net profit of two ATP was produced, two NAD+ were reduced to two NADH + H+, and glucose was split into two pyruvate molecules. ªWhen oxygen is not present, pyruvate will undergo a process called fermentation. In the process of fermentation the NADH + H+ fro ...
Which of the following is a coenzyme associated with
... system produces ATP by _____. A. photophosphorylation B. substrate-level phosphorylation C. oxidative phosphorylation ___ ...
... system produces ATP by _____. A. photophosphorylation B. substrate-level phosphorylation C. oxidative phosphorylation ___ ...
Chapter 9: Fermentation
... •Both use NAD+ as an electron acceptor. •In fermentation, the electrons of NADH are passed to an organic molecule, regenerating NAD+. • In respiration, the electrons of NADH are ultimately passed to O2, generating ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. •In addition, even more ATP is generated from the o ...
... •Both use NAD+ as an electron acceptor. •In fermentation, the electrons of NADH are passed to an organic molecule, regenerating NAD+. • In respiration, the electrons of NADH are ultimately passed to O2, generating ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. •In addition, even more ATP is generated from the o ...
Cellular respiration
... • it is here that fats and proteins can ‘enter the picture’ (i.e., be used as a fuel source) • it is also when we move from the sarcoplasm into the mitochondria for the first time ...
... • it is here that fats and proteins can ‘enter the picture’ (i.e., be used as a fuel source) • it is also when we move from the sarcoplasm into the mitochondria for the first time ...
Chapter 8 Worksheet
... Exercise 2 – Glycolysis (8.2) Glycolysis is the first of three steps in cellular respiration. Review glycolysis by matching each phrase on the right with a term on the left. Some terms are used tw ...
... Exercise 2 – Glycolysis (8.2) Glycolysis is the first of three steps in cellular respiration. Review glycolysis by matching each phrase on the right with a term on the left. Some terms are used tw ...
Lecture 21
... Glycolysis The conversion of glucose to pyruvate to yield 2ATP molecules •10 enzymatic steps •Chemical interconversion steps •Mechanisms of enzyme conversion and intermediates •Energetics of conversions •Mechanisms controlling the Flux of metabolites through the pathway ...
... Glycolysis The conversion of glucose to pyruvate to yield 2ATP molecules •10 enzymatic steps •Chemical interconversion steps •Mechanisms of enzyme conversion and intermediates •Energetics of conversions •Mechanisms controlling the Flux of metabolites through the pathway ...
Cellular Respiration PPT
... The cell can use Fermentation instead!! Occurs in the Cytoplasm Just like glycolysis!! Fermentation A series of reactions that convert NADH (from glycolysis) back into NAD allowing glycolysis to keep producing a small amount of ATP ...
... The cell can use Fermentation instead!! Occurs in the Cytoplasm Just like glycolysis!! Fermentation A series of reactions that convert NADH (from glycolysis) back into NAD allowing glycolysis to keep producing a small amount of ATP ...
Which of the following is a coenzyme associated with cellular
... system produces ATP by _____. A. photophosphorylation B. substrate-level phosphorylation C. oxidative phosphorylation ___ ...
... system produces ATP by _____. A. photophosphorylation B. substrate-level phosphorylation C. oxidative phosphorylation ___ ...
Learning Objectives
... The Process of Cellular Respiration 7. Name the three stages of cellular respiration and state the region of the eukaryotic cell where each stage occurs. 8. Describe how glucose changes as it proceeds through glycolysis. 9. Explain why ATP is required for the preparatory steps of glycolysis. 10. Ide ...
... The Process of Cellular Respiration 7. Name the three stages of cellular respiration and state the region of the eukaryotic cell where each stage occurs. 8. Describe how glucose changes as it proceeds through glycolysis. 9. Explain why ATP is required for the preparatory steps of glycolysis. 10. Ide ...
Intro powerpoint Energy systems
... “alactic” since it doesn't create lactic acid as a by-product This system relies solely on readily available phosphocreatine found in the muscles Does NOT involve the metabolism (breakdown) of glucose as an energy source ...
... “alactic” since it doesn't create lactic acid as a by-product This system relies solely on readily available phosphocreatine found in the muscles Does NOT involve the metabolism (breakdown) of glucose as an energy source ...
Name Date Ch 7 – Cellular Respiration and Fermentation (Biology
... Concept 7.5 Fermentation and anaerobic respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen. 23. What conditions force the cell to go into the fermentation process? At what point in the three processes of cellular respiration does this happen? ...
... Concept 7.5 Fermentation and anaerobic respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen. 23. What conditions force the cell to go into the fermentation process? At what point in the three processes of cellular respiration does this happen? ...
Anaerobic Fermentation
... chemical reactions that produce ATP from glucose in the absence of O 2 *Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is not available for cellular respiration to occur. ...
... chemical reactions that produce ATP from glucose in the absence of O 2 *Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is not available for cellular respiration to occur. ...
Cellular Respiration REVIEW SHEET
... 14. In certain cases, regular exercise causes an increase in the number of mitochondria in muscle cells. How might that situation improve an individual's ability to perform energy-requiring activities? 15. Yeast cells can carry out both fermentation and cellular respiration, depending on whether oxy ...
... 14. In certain cases, regular exercise causes an increase in the number of mitochondria in muscle cells. How might that situation improve an individual's ability to perform energy-requiring activities? 15. Yeast cells can carry out both fermentation and cellular respiration, depending on whether oxy ...
HERE
... Which of the following is the correct sequence for the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP? A. Electron transport chain. B. Kreb’s cycle. C. Glycolysis. D. Formation of acetyl CoA. Correct order: ___→ __ → __ → _ ANSWER ...
... Which of the following is the correct sequence for the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP? A. Electron transport chain. B. Kreb’s cycle. C. Glycolysis. D. Formation of acetyl CoA. Correct order: ___→ __ → __ → _ ANSWER ...
Chapter 34 HEIN
... • Glycogen is a storage polysaccharide; it quickly hydrolyzes to replace depleted glucose supplies in the blood. • The synthesis of glycogen from glucose is called glycogenesis. • The hydrolysis, or breakdown, of glycogen to glucose is known as glycogenolysis. ...
... • Glycogen is a storage polysaccharide; it quickly hydrolyzes to replace depleted glucose supplies in the blood. • The synthesis of glycogen from glucose is called glycogenesis. • The hydrolysis, or breakdown, of glycogen to glucose is known as glycogenolysis. ...
Science of running
... • How can you help the body during the supercompensation phase? • What factors will limit the amount of stress that can be presented to the body and how can you increase these limits? • ***Listen to your body…this cannot be overstated*** ...
... • How can you help the body during the supercompensation phase? • What factors will limit the amount of stress that can be presented to the body and how can you increase these limits? • ***Listen to your body…this cannot be overstated*** ...
BCHM 463 Supplemental Problems for Friday, April 2, 2004 1. Write
... 2. During glycolysis, how many ADP molecules are converted to ATP. Explain this answer with regard to your answer to #1. 4 ADP molecules are converted into ATP. There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules because 2 are consumed during the first stage of glycolysis. 3. What are the three metabolicall ...
... 2. During glycolysis, how many ADP molecules are converted to ATP. Explain this answer with regard to your answer to #1. 4 ADP molecules are converted into ATP. There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules because 2 are consumed during the first stage of glycolysis. 3. What are the three metabolicall ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑