Metabolism - Science Prof Online
... • Images used on this resource, and on the SPO website are, wherever possible, credited and linked to their source. Any words underlined and appearing in blue are links that can be clicked on for more information. PowerPoints must be viewed in slide show mode to use the hyperlinks directly. • Severa ...
... • Images used on this resource, and on the SPO website are, wherever possible, credited and linked to their source. Any words underlined and appearing in blue are links that can be clicked on for more information. PowerPoints must be viewed in slide show mode to use the hyperlinks directly. • Severa ...
Exercise-Induced Metabolic Acidosis
... Phosphagen Energy System: Creatine Kinase Reaction The creatine kinase (CK) reaction is of vital importance to skeletal muscle contraction. This reaction provides the most immediate means to replenish ATP in the cytosol. Traditionally, the reaction has been interpreted to be applicable mainly to the ...
... Phosphagen Energy System: Creatine Kinase Reaction The creatine kinase (CK) reaction is of vital importance to skeletal muscle contraction. This reaction provides the most immediate means to replenish ATP in the cytosol. Traditionally, the reaction has been interpreted to be applicable mainly to the ...
Enzymes lecture 2
... protein that is perfectly shaped to accept a maltose molecule and break the bond (2). The two glucose molecules are released (3). A single maltase enzyme can break in excess of 1,000 maltose bonds per second, and will only accept maltose molecules. Characteristics of Maltase from Baker's Yeast: Mole ...
... protein that is perfectly shaped to accept a maltose molecule and break the bond (2). The two glucose molecules are released (3). A single maltase enzyme can break in excess of 1,000 maltose bonds per second, and will only accept maltose molecules. Characteristics of Maltase from Baker's Yeast: Mole ...
Amino Acids and Simple Proteins
... teach in higher education and the management of research projects students, the ability to provide teaching material in verbal, written and graphic form(PC-3) As a result of study a postgraduate students have: To know: physical and chemical nature of the processes occurring in living organisms at th ...
... teach in higher education and the management of research projects students, the ability to provide teaching material in verbal, written and graphic form(PC-3) As a result of study a postgraduate students have: To know: physical and chemical nature of the processes occurring in living organisms at th ...
Lecture 32: Protein (Part-I)
... Introduction: Proteins perform multiple functions in a cell and they are the factors to control several events.They are the building blocks and work as enzyme to participate in metabolic reactions of the organism. Peptide Bonds: Proteins are polymers of amino acids, joined by the covalent bonds, kno ...
... Introduction: Proteins perform multiple functions in a cell and they are the factors to control several events.They are the building blocks and work as enzyme to participate in metabolic reactions of the organism. Peptide Bonds: Proteins are polymers of amino acids, joined by the covalent bonds, kno ...
Changes in the Intracellular Concentration of Acetyl
... total acyl-CoA was not saturated under these conditions, suggesting that the maximum concentration of total acyl-CoA was not necessarily determined by the apparent excess of glucose in the medium. Various carbon sources other than glucose, each at a concentration of 28 mM, were examined for their ef ...
... total acyl-CoA was not saturated under these conditions, suggesting that the maximum concentration of total acyl-CoA was not necessarily determined by the apparent excess of glucose in the medium. Various carbon sources other than glucose, each at a concentration of 28 mM, were examined for their ef ...
The urea cycle
... Since fumarate is obtained by removing NH3 from aspartate (by means of reactions 3 and 4), and PPi + H2O → 2 Pi, the equation can be simplified as follows: ...
... Since fumarate is obtained by removing NH3 from aspartate (by means of reactions 3 and 4), and PPi + H2O → 2 Pi, the equation can be simplified as follows: ...
Student Answer Key - New England Aquarium
... Answers may vary depending on the student’s background on the Krebs cycle. Look for logical abilities of organisms that spend most of their time underwater: • ability to hold their breath • lactic acid does not “bother” the marine mammals • bigger muscles may help diffuse the lactic acid • water pre ...
... Answers may vary depending on the student’s background on the Krebs cycle. Look for logical abilities of organisms that spend most of their time underwater: • ability to hold their breath • lactic acid does not “bother” the marine mammals • bigger muscles may help diffuse the lactic acid • water pre ...
End of Chapter 18 Questions
... 9. Defince beta-oxidation. Beta-oxidation decomposes fatty acids. Beta-oxidation activates fatty acids and breaks them down into segments of two carbon atoms each. 10. Explain how fats may provide energy. Fatty acid segments are converted into acetyl coenzyme A, which can then be oxidized in the cit ...
... 9. Defince beta-oxidation. Beta-oxidation decomposes fatty acids. Beta-oxidation activates fatty acids and breaks them down into segments of two carbon atoms each. 10. Explain how fats may provide energy. Fatty acid segments are converted into acetyl coenzyme A, which can then be oxidized in the cit ...
biochemical tests and their use for identification purposes
... keep the cell in oxidation-reduction balance. Fermentation of glucose begins with glycolysis to generate energy, reduced coenzyme, and an electron acceptor. Regeneration of oxidized coenzyme needed for continued energy production is coupled to the reduction of a break-down product of glucose. Lactic ...
... keep the cell in oxidation-reduction balance. Fermentation of glucose begins with glycolysis to generate energy, reduced coenzyme, and an electron acceptor. Regeneration of oxidized coenzyme needed for continued energy production is coupled to the reduction of a break-down product of glucose. Lactic ...
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and Related Enzymes in Cell
... bacteria possess the tricarboxylic acid cycle for the terminal oxidation of carbohydrates. Youmans & Youmans (1953) could not demonstrate the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculoswi H37R, from small inocula in the presence of the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. They suggested that this m ...
... bacteria possess the tricarboxylic acid cycle for the terminal oxidation of carbohydrates. Youmans & Youmans (1953) could not demonstrate the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculoswi H37R, from small inocula in the presence of the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. They suggested that this m ...
ppt file/carnitine
... tubular cells in kidney carnitine entrance from blood to cells: skel. mucle, heart, pancreas, placenta, brain, lung, testis, fibroblast OCTN2 transporter protein hereditary deficiency leads to systemic carnitine deficiency 2.) OCTN3 = intermediate affinity carnitine specific uniporter Kt= 20 μM sper ...
... tubular cells in kidney carnitine entrance from blood to cells: skel. mucle, heart, pancreas, placenta, brain, lung, testis, fibroblast OCTN2 transporter protein hereditary deficiency leads to systemic carnitine deficiency 2.) OCTN3 = intermediate affinity carnitine specific uniporter Kt= 20 μM sper ...
Ketone Body Metabolism
... glucose for 3 days, the brain gets 30% of its energy from ketone bodies. zAfter 40 days, this goes up to 70% (during the initial stages the brain does not burn ketones, since they are an important substrate for lipid synthesis in the brain). zThe brain retains some need for glucose, because ketone b ...
... glucose for 3 days, the brain gets 30% of its energy from ketone bodies. zAfter 40 days, this goes up to 70% (during the initial stages the brain does not burn ketones, since they are an important substrate for lipid synthesis in the brain). zThe brain retains some need for glucose, because ketone b ...
8-30-16 Macomolecule Foldable Instructions
... 1. Center and write the word MACROMOLECULE 2. List the 4 macromolecules 3. Define the term DEHYDRATION (CONDENSATION). Identify whether this type of reaction would be involved in an anabolic (building something) or catabolic (breaking something down) pathway. Then, tell whether the pathway you chose ...
... 1. Center and write the word MACROMOLECULE 2. List the 4 macromolecules 3. Define the term DEHYDRATION (CONDENSATION). Identify whether this type of reaction would be involved in an anabolic (building something) or catabolic (breaking something down) pathway. Then, tell whether the pathway you chose ...
Lactic Acid www.AssignmentPoint.com Lactic acid is a chemical
... In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process of fermentation during normal metabolism and exercise. It does not increase in concentration until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal, which is governed ...
... In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process of fermentation during normal metabolism and exercise. It does not increase in concentration until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal, which is governed ...
Review Notes Biology 20
... 2. Ca ions reabsorbed from sarcoplasm into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 3. Absence of the Ca ions on the troponin allows tropomyosin to reattach to the actin preventing the binding of myosin. 4. Myosin and actin just slide away from each other (z-lines move away). Energy for Muscle Contractions: St ...
... 2. Ca ions reabsorbed from sarcoplasm into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 3. Absence of the Ca ions on the troponin allows tropomyosin to reattach to the actin preventing the binding of myosin. 4. Myosin and actin just slide away from each other (z-lines move away). Energy for Muscle Contractions: St ...
Generation of Biochemical Energy
... changes of individual steps. • In the body many reactions take place that are not favorable. For such reactions to take place energy is supplied from the ATP reaction hydrolysis. ...
... changes of individual steps. • In the body many reactions take place that are not favorable. For such reactions to take place energy is supplied from the ATP reaction hydrolysis. ...
Enzymes - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate
... - high temps may denature (unfold) the enzyme. 2. pH (most like 6 - 8 pH near neutral) 3. Ionic concentration (salt ions) ...
... - high temps may denature (unfold) the enzyme. 2. pH (most like 6 - 8 pH near neutral) 3. Ionic concentration (salt ions) ...
Enzymes - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate
... - high temps may denature (unfold) the enzyme. 2. pH (most like 6 - 8 pH near neutral) 3. Ionic concentration (salt ions) ...
... - high temps may denature (unfold) the enzyme. 2. pH (most like 6 - 8 pH near neutral) 3. Ionic concentration (salt ions) ...
Biochemistry
... The aim of the class: the determination of the initial velocity and Michaelis constant in reaction catalysed by saccharase Theoretical basis: the enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the definitions of initial velocity, maximal velocity and Michaelis constant, the Michaelis-Menten equation, the standard units ...
... The aim of the class: the determination of the initial velocity and Michaelis constant in reaction catalysed by saccharase Theoretical basis: the enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the definitions of initial velocity, maximal velocity and Michaelis constant, the Michaelis-Menten equation, the standard units ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑