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Reading guide 16-1 and 16-2
Reading guide 16-1 and 16-2

... 9. When Darwin returned to England, he learned that the small brown birds he observed on the Galápagos Islands were all finches. They resembled South American finches. What hypothesis does this observation support? ...
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... An Ancient, Changing Earth In Darwin’s day, most Europeans believed that Earth and all its life forms were only a few thousand years old and had not changed very much in that time. Several scientists who lived around the same time as Darwin began to challenge these ideas. These scientists had an imp ...
CH05 IM
CH05 IM

... b. Only mutations in reproductive cells are passed to offspring. c. Many mutations are neutral; some are deadly; and a few are beneficial. D. Natural selection’s role in microevolution occurs when members of a population have genetic traits that improve their ability to survive and produce offspring ...
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Evolution ppt Questions History of Evolutionary Thought 1. What

... 81.What are the two types of adaptations? 82. Give some examples of physical adaptations. 83. Give some examples of behavioral adaptations. 84. What happens to organisms with LOW fitness? 85. How did changes in the Galapagos finches make them more FIT to survive? 86. Natural selection takes place ov ...
CHARLES DARWIN: A BIOGEOGRAPHER PAR EXCELLENCE
CHARLES DARWIN: A BIOGEOGRAPHER PAR EXCELLENCE

... theory of evolution. Even Alfred Russel Wallace, who had independently coined the same idea of evolution, made his remark: "Mr. Darwin has given the world a new science." Since 1859, Darwin and his ideas have risen and fallen in favor, especially around 1900 with the fervor over new genetics, and ag ...
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Slide 1

... There are many equally valid ways “to go to Heaven” • We rely on our religious texts for moral, emotional and spiritual guidance • We rely on science and other intellectual pursuits to gain knowledge about the ...
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... up with this cladogram as a group. It is the current accepted theory of how terrestrial mammals evolved into aquatic mammals. • Can this theory change? • If no, why not? • If yes, what has to happen? ...
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...  Darwin observed many ________________________. He saw that many plants and animals were very well suited to their ________________________.  Darwin collected ________________________, or the preserves of ancient organisms.  Some of the fossils were unlike any creatures he had ever seen.  Darwin ...
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... Course Objectives: Theory: This course aims at introducing the students to the basics of biological anthropology, its historical background, how it evolved as a science, its important branches, scope and applications to the welfare of mankind. It provides a background canvas in understanding the sto ...
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... 9. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Hessian fly repeatedly wiped out wheat crops in the US. Eventually, scientists developed a strain of wheat that made a toxin that repelled the Hessian fly. What most likely happened to the Hessian fly population after farmers began growing ...
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... B. Charles Darwin and the Theory of Natural Selection - Fossils and other evidence document the evolution of life on Earth over billions of years. - Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection in 1859. - Darwin’s theory explained the duality of unity and diversity ...
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... restricts his analysis to the classical structure, leading him to note that chapters 10-14 are logically a digression, which “Cicero allows but rather disapproves of”; Bowler, on the other hand, suggests these chapters serve the necessary purpose of justifying Darwin’s argument). ...
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...  Variation exists in the phenotypes (body structures and characteristics) of the individuals within every population.  An organism’s phenotype may influence its ability to find, obtain, or utilize its resources (food, water, shelter, and oxygen) and also might affect the organism’s ability to repr ...
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... Protobionts: aggregates of abiotically produced molecules surrounded by a membrane ◦ Can replication and metabolize ◦ maintain an internal chemical environment ◦ could have formed spontaneously from abiotically produced organic compounds ...
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... *Explaining the need for cycling of major nutrients (C, O, H, N, P).______________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ...
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... _____ 30. According to Charles Darwin, one factor that affects the evolution of a species is a) variation due to genetic mutations b) rapid fossil formation c) survival of the fittest d) exposure to radiation ...
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... 10. Many finch characteristics appear in bell-shaped distributions typical of POLYGENIC traits. 11. The ancestors of the Galápagos Island finches originally came from the continent of S. AMERICA. 12. The populations of finches on separate islands are GEOGRAPHICALLY isolated from one another by large ...
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... 19. Which term refers to similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor? a. DNA sequences b. developmental organisms c. homologous structures d. punctuated equilibria 20. If two organisms look very similar during their early stages, this is evidence that the organisms ...
FEBRUARY 4, 2009 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Alan
FEBRUARY 4, 2009 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Alan

... did not publish his now-famous volume, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, until 1859, more than 20 years after he had first formulated his theory. On the Origin of Species may never have been written, let alone published, if it had not been for Alfred Russel Wallace, another Bri ...
Chapter 16 notes
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... 2. reproductive isolation - barriers to successful breeding between members of pop. in same area a. sometimes caused by disruptive selection b. incompatible behavior 1) mating call not recognized 2) difference in mating times 3) courtship patterns differ 3. adaptive radiation - many related species ...
APBIO Evolution (22 and 23) 2014 15
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... • When large population is drastically reduced by a disaster – famine, natural disaster, loss of habitat… – loss of variation by chance event • alleles lost from gene pool – not due to fitness ...
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SASapesunit9schuller12-8to12-12-14

... How do populations change in size, density, and make-up in response to environmental stress? ...
Part 1: The Pace of Evolutionary Change
Part 1: The Pace of Evolutionary Change

... Evidence: Looking at the fossil record, it shows some groups of organisms remaining unchanged for millions of years, while others are rapidly changing over time. ...
Natural Selection Inheritance
Natural Selection Inheritance

... Much more variation among males than among females Males could be big winners or big losers. One male could theoretically be responsible for 100% of the offspring born. Or none. The stakes are much higher for males, and the reproductive striving therefore much more intense. ...
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The eclipse of Darwinism

Julian Huxley used the phrase ""the eclipse of Darwinism"" to describe the state of affairs prior to the modern evolutionary synthesis when evolution was widely accepted in scientific circles but relatively few biologists believed that natural selection was its primary mechanism. Historians of science such as Peter J. Bowler have used the same phrase as a label for the period within the history of evolutionary thought from the 1880s through the first couple of decades of the 20th century when a number of alternatives to natural selection were developed and explored - as many biologists considered natural selection to have been a wrong guess on Charles Darwin's part, and others regarded natural selection as of relatively minor importance. Recently the term eclipse has been criticized for inaccurately implying that research on Darwinism paused during this period, Paul Farber and Mark Largent have suggested the biological term interphase as an alternative metaphor.There were four major alternatives to natural selection in the late 19th century: Theistic evolution was the belief that God directly guided evolution. (This should not be confused with the more recent use of the term theistic evolution, referring to the theological belief about the compatibility of science and religion.) The idea that evolution was driven by the inheritance of characteristics acquired during the life of the organism was called neo-Lamarckism. Orthogenesis involved the belief that organisms were affected by internal forces or laws of development that drove evolution in particular directions Saltationism propounded the idea that evolution was largely the product of large mutations that created new species in a single step.Theistic evolution largely disappeared from the scientific literature by the end of the 19th century as direct appeals to supernatural causes came to be seen as unscientific. The other alternatives had significant followings well into the 20th century; mainstream biology largely abandoned them only when developments in genetics made them seem increasingly untenable, and when the development of population genetics and the modern evolutionary synthesis demonstrated the explanatory power of natural selection. Ernst Mayr wrote that as late as 1930 most textbooks still emphasized such non-Darwinian mechanisms.
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