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Evolutionary Classification
Evolutionary Classification

...  Theory-well-tested explanation that explains a wide range of observations.  Adaptation- any trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce ...
Genetics and Evolution
Genetics and Evolution

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Darwin - rgreenbergscience
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... This is called _____________ ______________. In order for this to occur, there must be _________ among the species within the population. Some organisms are better suited to meet their needs in the environment. This is called ____________. In order for their offspring to be able to survive in the sa ...
European Scientists of the 19 c and 20 c
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... to set up a nuclear chain reaction in a large mass of uranium, by which vast amounts of power and large quantities of new radium-like elements would be generated. Now it appears almost certain that this could be achieved in the immediate future…I understand that Germany has actually stopped the sale ...
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Evol Bgram
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genetics with
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...  By the 1870s, most scientists accepted the historical reality of evolution (and this has been true ever since).  It would be at least 60 years after the publication of The Origin of Species before natural selection would come to be widely accepted.  People wanted life itself to be purposeful and ...
Lecture 4 Genetics in Mendelian Populations I
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Tempo and Mode - Integrative Biology
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Biology Objectives - Lincoln Public Schools
Biology Objectives - Lincoln Public Schools

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The eclipse of Darwinism

Julian Huxley used the phrase ""the eclipse of Darwinism"" to describe the state of affairs prior to the modern evolutionary synthesis when evolution was widely accepted in scientific circles but relatively few biologists believed that natural selection was its primary mechanism. Historians of science such as Peter J. Bowler have used the same phrase as a label for the period within the history of evolutionary thought from the 1880s through the first couple of decades of the 20th century when a number of alternatives to natural selection were developed and explored - as many biologists considered natural selection to have been a wrong guess on Charles Darwin's part, and others regarded natural selection as of relatively minor importance. Recently the term eclipse has been criticized for inaccurately implying that research on Darwinism paused during this period, Paul Farber and Mark Largent have suggested the biological term interphase as an alternative metaphor.There were four major alternatives to natural selection in the late 19th century: Theistic evolution was the belief that God directly guided evolution. (This should not be confused with the more recent use of the term theistic evolution, referring to the theological belief about the compatibility of science and religion.) The idea that evolution was driven by the inheritance of characteristics acquired during the life of the organism was called neo-Lamarckism. Orthogenesis involved the belief that organisms were affected by internal forces or laws of development that drove evolution in particular directions Saltationism propounded the idea that evolution was largely the product of large mutations that created new species in a single step.Theistic evolution largely disappeared from the scientific literature by the end of the 19th century as direct appeals to supernatural causes came to be seen as unscientific. The other alternatives had significant followings well into the 20th century; mainstream biology largely abandoned them only when developments in genetics made them seem increasingly untenable, and when the development of population genetics and the modern evolutionary synthesis demonstrated the explanatory power of natural selection. Ernst Mayr wrote that as late as 1930 most textbooks still emphasized such non-Darwinian mechanisms.
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