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Selection and interpretation of clinical pathology indicators of
Selection and interpretation of clinical pathology indicators of

... studies. ALT is considered a more specific and sensitive indicator of hepatocellular injury than AST in rats, dogs, and NHPs. The magnitude of ALT increase is usually greater than that of AST when both are increased due to hepatic injury, in part because of the longer half-life of ALT and the greate ...
Handbook of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents
Handbook of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents

... important information as a comprehensive source of such data is lacking. Recognizing this need, the TB Alliance is developing a TB drug database as a resource for the TB drug research community. The materials published in this issue of Tuberculosis represent our initial effort towards this goal. In ...
Abstract
Abstract

... enzyme PGG/H synthase, also called cyclooxygenase (COX). COX occurs in two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2, which differ in their tissue distribution and regulation. The isoforms serve different biological functions, in that COX-1 is expressed under basal conditions and is involved in the biosynthesis of PG ...
Antiinfective Agents
Antiinfective Agents

... • All antiinfectives can produce an overgrowth of organisms that is different from the infecting organism. • The wider the spectrum of the antibiotic, the higher the risk for superinfection. • This adverse effect can be minimized by giving the most narrow spectrum antibiotic as possible. ...
QA73_5_InadeqLactation_final
QA73_5_InadeqLactation_final

... breast milk was also studied (23). By day 14, breast milk volumes increased by 267% in the treatment group compared to 18.5% in the placebo group. Although mean breast milk protein declined by 9.6% in the domperidone group, changes in energy, fat, carbohydrate, sodium and phosphate content did not d ...
Clearing the Smoke on Cannabis: Cannabis Use and Driving – An
Clearing the Smoke on Cannabis: Cannabis Use and Driving – An

... as slowing down, increasing headway, and reducing risktaking behaviours (Smiley, 1986). These tactics, however, may not be sufficient to compensate for all the impairing effects of cannabis—especially unexpected events and higher-order cognitive functions such as divided attention tasks and decision ...
Metronidazole
Metronidazole

... They are diploid, a single mutation does not render them resistant. They lack alternative metabolic pathways to PFOR. P-glycoprotein pumps hydrophobic drugs from their cells, but metronidazole is hydrophilic. Pharmacokinetics Metronidazole enters cells by passive diffusion. It is well absorbed after ...
2009 St Johns Wort Quality Issues and Active Compounds
2009 St Johns Wort Quality Issues and Active Compounds

... extracts that contained a suffi -cient amount of rutin (14). Although the study provides suffi cient quantitative data about the amount of fl avonoids in the different SJW extracts, unfortunately no quantitative data are given for hypericin and hyperforin. Nevertheless, the experiments show that the ...
Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs in Children
Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs in Children

... Children account for an estimated 10-15% of the global burden of disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) with an estimated 490,000 cases reported annually and more than 60 000 deaths in 2011 (1, 2). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB), defined as disease caused by Mtb resistant to ...
Blurring Lines of Medical and Pharmacy Management
Blurring Lines of Medical and Pharmacy Management

... Vol. 14, No. 4 ...
Clinical Medicine: Therapeutics pharmacotherapy of Fibromyalgia
Clinical Medicine: Therapeutics pharmacotherapy of Fibromyalgia

... generally mild. The clinical conditions for which large numbers of patients have been evaluated include: nausea, headache, dry mouth, constipation, insomnia, dizziness, fatigue, somnolence, decreased appetite and sweating increase.35 Some of these effects such as constipation, sweating and dry mouth ...
Kava
Kava

... partition chromatography (HPCPC)  has been developed for the isolation of each kava lactone from a CO2 extract of P. methysticum in a single chromatographic run  Results: The HPCPC method are substantially better than those from the conventional column chromatography in terms of peak resolution.  ...
CQC Matrix UPDATED March 2016
CQC Matrix UPDATED March 2016

... This document provides examples of those resources that you may wish to use as part of your evidence when looking at compliance with CQC medicines requirements. Throughout the document, blue underlined text indicates a hyperlink – hold the CTRL key and click the link to visit the resource that has b ...
Simvastatin and atorvastatin: beware of potential CYP3A4
Simvastatin and atorvastatin: beware of potential CYP3A4

... of these statins, resulting in either an increased risk of adverse effects (e.g. myopathy and rhabdomyolyis) or a reduction in the effectiveness of treatment.2 For example, one study which investigated the effect of erythromycin (a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor) on serum simvastatin concentrations found t ...
Saw Palmetto
Saw Palmetto

... using combination products were eliminated except in the case of metaanalysis. There were no qualifiers applied for size or duration of the study. All types of studies in humans were used to assess adverse clinical effects. Data Abstraction and Analysis To facilitate comparisons, abstraction was car ...
Sub chronic Evaluation of Ciprofloxacin and Perfloxacin on Sperm
Sub chronic Evaluation of Ciprofloxacin and Perfloxacin on Sperm

... Ciprofloxacin and Perfloxacin are fluorinated quinolone antibiotics. They are among the drugs of choice for the long term treatment of bacterial prostatitis and epididymitis infection in humans. They are known to have high concentration in semen, prostate, epididymis, vesicle gland, and tissues of t ...
Medicines Care Guides
Medicines Care Guides

... The aim of the Medicines Care Guides is to provide a quick medicine management reference tool for all care staff working in residential aged care in New Zealand. Guidance is provided for key medicine safety topics relevant to the care of older adults. This guidance is based on current legislation, b ...
Liposomes in drug delivery
Liposomes in drug delivery

... liposome bilayers can be altered by using phospholipids with different T~ which in turn can vary from - 2 0 to 90°C depending upon the length and nature (saturated or unsaturated) of the fatty acid chains. Presence of high T~ lipids (Tc > 37°C) makes the liposome bilayer membrane less fluid at the p ...
NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDS)
NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDS)

... Structure and Chemistry: Some of the most useful NSAIDs are structurally derived from arylacetic acids. These compounds are often referred to as the “profens” based on the suffix of the prototype member, ibuprofen. Like the salicylates these agents are all strong organic acids (pKa = 3-5)and thus fo ...
Drug effects on acetic acid-depressed locomotor
Drug effects on acetic acid-depressed locomotor

... Stevenson et al. 2006). For example, drugs may decrease these behaviors not only by blocking sensory/affective processing of the noxious stimulus (true analgesia) but also by producing motor effects that impair the ability of the subject to respond (a false positive analgesic effect). A second limit ...
Syllabus for MD (Ayu) Preliminary Examination - Entrance
Syllabus for MD (Ayu) Preliminary Examination - Entrance

... vakyartha bodhak vrittis, tantraguna, tantradosha, vadamarga, pada – analytical study of above mentioned principles with applying these in therapeutics and research. PAPER - IV Ayurveda- Darshan Vangamayasya Itihas Introduction and description of tantra kartas (authors), pratisamskartas (redactors), ...
221.Jupitara Deka.cdr
221.Jupitara Deka.cdr

... ABSTRACT It is well known that the plant kingdom contains numerous bioactive substances affecting the regulation of reproduction. Cleome gynandra plant extracts contain phytoestrogenic compounds. These compounds act as agonist or antagonist estrogen receptors, thus affecting the steroid hormones lev ...
September 2006 - Highmark Blue Shield
September 2006 - Highmark Blue Shield

... the only product available within this therapeutic category. Aliskeren is indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. Most exposure to date is with diuretics and an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), valsartan. Use with max ...
poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) based drug delivery devices
poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) based drug delivery devices

... microparticles encapsulating therapeutic drugs in controlled release (CR) applications. PLGA based drug delivery devices have several advantages over the conventional devices. One of the advantage is the extended release rates of drugs up to days, weeks or months. Other reasons for the widespread us ...
UKMi FAQ 18 - NHS Evidence Search
UKMi FAQ 18 - NHS Evidence Search

... Medicines Q&As patient factors such as age and race compared with other antihypertensive agents such as ACE inhibitors.(6) Current advice from NICE recommends calcium channel blockers as potential first line agents in older patients (over 55 years) or black patients of any age and as potential seco ...
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Pharmacognosy



Pharmacognosy is the study of medicinal drugs derived from plants or other natural sources. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as ""the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs, drug substances or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources.""It is also defined as the study of crude drugs.
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