Crystal structure of yeast hexokinase Pl in complex
... Hexokinase catalyses the formation of hexose-6-phosphate (mainly glucose-6phosphate, Glc-6P) from hexose using ATP as a phosphoryl donor. The isoenzymes differ in their activity toward particular hexoses. The enzymatic activity of PI isoenzyme with fructose and mannose is 2.6 and 0.6 times than that ...
... Hexokinase catalyses the formation of hexose-6-phosphate (mainly glucose-6phosphate, Glc-6P) from hexose using ATP as a phosphoryl donor. The isoenzymes differ in their activity toward particular hexoses. The enzymatic activity of PI isoenzyme with fructose and mannose is 2.6 and 0.6 times than that ...
File - Jolyon Johnson
... • This enzyme moves H+ back into the matrix • H+ then bonds with oxygen to make water or goes back to the intermembrane space • ADP and a phosphate in the matrix bond with the ATP synthase enzyme • The H+ gives ATP synthase the energy needed to bind the ADP and phosphate into ATP • ATP Synthase Vide ...
... • This enzyme moves H+ back into the matrix • H+ then bonds with oxygen to make water or goes back to the intermembrane space • ADP and a phosphate in the matrix bond with the ATP synthase enzyme • The H+ gives ATP synthase the energy needed to bind the ADP and phosphate into ATP • ATP Synthase Vide ...
cellular respiration
... Indicate if each of the following characteristics / descriptions is true of Substratelevel and Oxidative phosphorylation. ______ Produce ATP by adding a phosphate to ADP ______ Involves the direct transfer of a phosphate from an intermediate to ADP ______ Couples the addition of a phosphate to ADP w ...
... Indicate if each of the following characteristics / descriptions is true of Substratelevel and Oxidative phosphorylation. ______ Produce ATP by adding a phosphate to ADP ______ Involves the direct transfer of a phosphate from an intermediate to ADP ______ Couples the addition of a phosphate to ADP w ...
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and other Energy
... All organisms produce ATP by releasing energy stored in glucose and other sugars. ...
... All organisms produce ATP by releasing energy stored in glucose and other sugars. ...
Renal tubular reabsorption
... specific carrier in the cell membrane and both substances are translocated across the membrane • Co-transport Transported substances move in the same direction across the membrane • Counter-transport Transported substances move in opposite directions across the membrane ...
... specific carrier in the cell membrane and both substances are translocated across the membrane • Co-transport Transported substances move in the same direction across the membrane • Counter-transport Transported substances move in opposite directions across the membrane ...
Carbohydrate Catabolism Cellular Respiration
... – Any spoilage of food by microorganisms – Any process that produces alcoholic beverages or acidic dairy products – Scientific definition: – Releases energy from oxidation of organic molecules – Does not require oxygen – Does not use the Krebs cycle or ETC – Uses an organic molecule as the final ele ...
... – Any spoilage of food by microorganisms – Any process that produces alcoholic beverages or acidic dairy products – Scientific definition: – Releases energy from oxidation of organic molecules – Does not require oxygen – Does not use the Krebs cycle or ETC – Uses an organic molecule as the final ele ...
Cellular Respiration Chapter 9
... energy from food in the presence of oxygen. • If oxygen is available, organisms can obtain energy from food by a process called cellular respiration. • The summary of cellular respiration is presented below. 6 O2 + C6H12O6 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (ATP) ...
... energy from food in the presence of oxygen. • If oxygen is available, organisms can obtain energy from food by a process called cellular respiration. • The summary of cellular respiration is presented below. 6 O2 + C6H12O6 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (ATP) ...
Internal Assessment: Fermentation Biology Higher Level
... The sugar splitting proceeds efficiently in aerobic or anaerobic environments. Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that is common to all organisms on Earth. (Miller, & Levine, 2006) However, when oxygen is not present, the process of glycolysis is combined with different pathways. When combining the ...
... The sugar splitting proceeds efficiently in aerobic or anaerobic environments. Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that is common to all organisms on Earth. (Miller, & Levine, 2006) However, when oxygen is not present, the process of glycolysis is combined with different pathways. When combining the ...
Slide 1
... and FADH2 molecules With the help of CoA, the acetyl (two-carbon) compound enters the citric acid cycle – At this point, the acetyl group associates with a fourcarbon molecule forming a six-carbon molecule – The six-carbon molecule then passes through a series of redox reactions that regenerate th ...
... and FADH2 molecules With the help of CoA, the acetyl (two-carbon) compound enters the citric acid cycle – At this point, the acetyl group associates with a fourcarbon molecule forming a six-carbon molecule – The six-carbon molecule then passes through a series of redox reactions that regenerate th ...
EXAM 1 KEY
... What process(s) (1-10) will produce energy (NADHATP etc)? What process(s) (1-10) will produce NADPH?_3 ...
... What process(s) (1-10) will produce energy (NADHATP etc)? What process(s) (1-10) will produce NADPH?_3 ...
Ecological speciation model
... Enterics are a good example of reactions. They metabolize pyruvate to most of the products we discussed. ID of enterics critical to assess water ...
... Enterics are a good example of reactions. They metabolize pyruvate to most of the products we discussed. ID of enterics critical to assess water ...
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY
... • Glyoxylate cycle leads from 2-carbon compounds to glucose • In animals, acetyl CoA is not a carbon source for the net formation of glucose (2 carbons of acetyl CoA enter cycle, 2 are released as 2 CO2) ...
... • Glyoxylate cycle leads from 2-carbon compounds to glucose • In animals, acetyl CoA is not a carbon source for the net formation of glucose (2 carbons of acetyl CoA enter cycle, 2 are released as 2 CO2) ...
Stimulation of glucose utilization in 3T3 adipocytes and rat
... mechanisms in insulin-sensitive cells in vitro. It was found that in the absence of added insulin, glimepiride and glibenclamide (1-50/iM) stimulated lipogenesis (3T3 adipocytes) and glycogenesis (isolated rat diaphragm) -4.5- and 2.5-fold, respectively, and reduced the isoproterenol-stimulated lipo ...
... mechanisms in insulin-sensitive cells in vitro. It was found that in the absence of added insulin, glimepiride and glibenclamide (1-50/iM) stimulated lipogenesis (3T3 adipocytes) and glycogenesis (isolated rat diaphragm) -4.5- and 2.5-fold, respectively, and reduced the isoproterenol-stimulated lipo ...
12-Glycolysis2016-11-15 13:225.6 MB
... Regulation ( )تنشيط او تثبيطof hexokinase (in most cells) and glucokinase (in liver) Hexokinase : when Glucose 6-P (Fructose 6-phosphate is in equilibrium with it) is abundant it will indicate to the cell that it doesn’t need hexokinase anymore and it will be inhibited directly. ...
... Regulation ( )تنشيط او تثبيطof hexokinase (in most cells) and glucokinase (in liver) Hexokinase : when Glucose 6-P (Fructose 6-phosphate is in equilibrium with it) is abundant it will indicate to the cell that it doesn’t need hexokinase anymore and it will be inhibited directly. ...
Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell)
... C) often have "kinks" in their tails caused by the presence of a double bond between carbons. D) remain fluid because they are tightly packed against one another. E) form impermeable layers for cells . Answer: C الكولسترول المرتبط بأغشية الخاليا الحيوانية ...
... C) often have "kinks" in their tails caused by the presence of a double bond between carbons. D) remain fluid because they are tightly packed against one another. E) form impermeable layers for cells . Answer: C الكولسترول المرتبط بأغشية الخاليا الحيوانية ...
Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... • In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is reduced to NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is ...
... • In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is reduced to NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is ...
Chapter 23 Gluconeogenesis Gluconeogenesis, con`t.
... Gluconeogenesis, con’t. • Brain and muscle consume most of the glucose. • Liver and kidney are the main sites of gluconeogenesis. • Substrates include pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, most amino acids, and all TCA intermediates. • Fatty acids cannot be converted to glucose in animals. • (They can in pla ...
... Gluconeogenesis, con’t. • Brain and muscle consume most of the glucose. • Liver and kidney are the main sites of gluconeogenesis. • Substrates include pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, most amino acids, and all TCA intermediates. • Fatty acids cannot be converted to glucose in animals. • (They can in pla ...
![[U-13C]propionate, phenylacetate, and acetaminophen](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/002254284_1-9ecb94e9c5e6c14c57ae26d63989e9aa-300x300.png)
[U-13C]propionate, phenylacetate, and acetaminophen
... and glucose-alanine cycles. Gluconeogenic flux, the difference between total anaplerotic inflow and total OAA-PYR recycling, represents net export of carbons from the metabolic network. Although carbons can leave the citric acid cycle through pathways other than gluconeogenesis (for example as aspar ...
... and glucose-alanine cycles. Gluconeogenic flux, the difference between total anaplerotic inflow and total OAA-PYR recycling, represents net export of carbons from the metabolic network. Although carbons can leave the citric acid cycle through pathways other than gluconeogenesis (for example as aspar ...
intolerance to lactose and other dietary sugars
... starches, and sugars, that is, di- and monosaccharides. Starches from plants make up three-quarters of dietary carbohydrates and are composed of two structurally different polysaccharides, amylose, which is a linear ␣ 1-4-linked D-glucose polymer, and amylopectin, with additional ␣ 1-6 linkages, whi ...
... starches, and sugars, that is, di- and monosaccharides. Starches from plants make up three-quarters of dietary carbohydrates and are composed of two structurally different polysaccharides, amylose, which is a linear ␣ 1-4-linked D-glucose polymer, and amylopectin, with additional ␣ 1-6 linkages, whi ...
Redox balances in the metabolism of sugars by yeasts
... The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) and in the mitochondria (via TCA-cycle enzymes) (Fig. 2). In mammalian cells, various shuttle mechanisms are involved in the transport of reducing equiva ...
... The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) and in the mitochondria (via TCA-cycle enzymes) (Fig. 2). In mammalian cells, various shuttle mechanisms are involved in the transport of reducing equiva ...
Redox balances in the metabolism of sugars by yeasts
... The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) and in the mitochondria (via TCA-cycle enzymes) (Fig. 2). In mammalian cells, various shuttle mechanisms are involved in the transport of reducing equiva ...
... The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) and in the mitochondria (via TCA-cycle enzymes) (Fig. 2). In mammalian cells, various shuttle mechanisms are involved in the transport of reducing equiva ...
Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.