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U4L23 starvation - The University of Sydney
... – So uses ~120 g glucose/day – Transported into brain cells by GLUT-1 • Note that these are not insulin sensitive ...
... – So uses ~120 g glucose/day – Transported into brain cells by GLUT-1 • Note that these are not insulin sensitive ...
High carbohydrate diet : which reduces gluconeogenesis by
... These amino acids come from degradation of muscle protein. Some amino acids are released directly into the blood from muscle, or carbons from amino acids are converted to alanine and glutamine and released. Other amino acids travel to the liver and provide carbon for gluconeogenesis. ...
... These amino acids come from degradation of muscle protein. Some amino acids are released directly into the blood from muscle, or carbons from amino acids are converted to alanine and glutamine and released. Other amino acids travel to the liver and provide carbon for gluconeogenesis. ...
Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism
... 1. 3 key enzymes for the regulation of glycolysis (their activation). The role of Fructose 2,6-P in the regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. 2. 3 key sites for the regulation of gluconeogenesis (their activation). 3. The signal pathway for the activation of glycogen degradation by glucagon. ...
... 1. 3 key enzymes for the regulation of glycolysis (their activation). The role of Fructose 2,6-P in the regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. 2. 3 key sites for the regulation of gluconeogenesis (their activation). 3. The signal pathway for the activation of glycogen degradation by glucagon. ...
In-Class Student Activity: Fate of carbon atoms during Cellular
... stage of the cycle where the A2 & B2 students will model pyruvate oxidation (let them have fun by throwing a third of each half apple into the air to represent release of CO2!). By the time the A3 and B3 students have finished, the glucose is completely oxidized (and apple pieces will be in all corn ...
... stage of the cycle where the A2 & B2 students will model pyruvate oxidation (let them have fun by throwing a third of each half apple into the air to represent release of CO2!). By the time the A3 and B3 students have finished, the glucose is completely oxidized (and apple pieces will be in all corn ...
Chap 2-3 Notes - WordPress.com
... Chap 2 Section 3 Carbon Compounds: The Chemistry of Carbon Organic Chemistry : the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Macromolecules: formed by a process known as polymerization. Monomers: small units that can join together with other small units to form Polymers larg ...
... Chap 2 Section 3 Carbon Compounds: The Chemistry of Carbon Organic Chemistry : the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Macromolecules: formed by a process known as polymerization. Monomers: small units that can join together with other small units to form Polymers larg ...
Carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in the A10 vascular
... The maximum catalytic rates of phosphorylase, hcxokinase, phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase in vitro are given in Table 1. These data show that citric acid cycle enzymes arc present in the A,,, cells at activities in excess of some glycogenolyti ...
... The maximum catalytic rates of phosphorylase, hcxokinase, phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase in vitro are given in Table 1. These data show that citric acid cycle enzymes arc present in the A,,, cells at activities in excess of some glycogenolyti ...
PFK-2
... especially in brain (brain uses 120 g of the 160g of glucose needed daily). Erythrocytes also require glucose. • Occurs exclusively in liver (90%) and kidney (10%) • Glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors derived from muscle, adipose tissue: pyruvate and lactate (60%), amino acids ( ...
... especially in brain (brain uses 120 g of the 160g of glucose needed daily). Erythrocytes also require glucose. • Occurs exclusively in liver (90%) and kidney (10%) • Glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors derived from muscle, adipose tissue: pyruvate and lactate (60%), amino acids ( ...
Anaerobic Pathways Glycolysis
... Alternate Endpoints • Some animals use alternate endpoints under some conditions – Goldfish use ethanol in cold, anoxic conditions – Glucose → pyruvate → acetalaldehyde → ethanol – Ethanol is excreted ...
... Alternate Endpoints • Some animals use alternate endpoints under some conditions – Goldfish use ethanol in cold, anoxic conditions – Glucose → pyruvate → acetalaldehyde → ethanol – Ethanol is excreted ...
8 excretory
... Removing waste products from the body is the major function of the excretory system. It works with both the respiratory and circulatory system to remove these wastes. There are four major organs in the excretory system. These organs are the lungs, liver, kidneys and skin. You have learned that the l ...
... Removing waste products from the body is the major function of the excretory system. It works with both the respiratory and circulatory system to remove these wastes. There are four major organs in the excretory system. These organs are the lungs, liver, kidneys and skin. You have learned that the l ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION Fates of Pyruvate from glycolysis (2
... CELLULAR RESPIRATION Metabolism—the sum of all biochemical reactions in an organism or cell. a) anabolic—synthesis of compounds; an example is photosynthesis b) catabolic—breakdown of compounds; an example is cellular respiration Metabolic pathways—are the steps (enzymes, substrates and products) us ...
... CELLULAR RESPIRATION Metabolism—the sum of all biochemical reactions in an organism or cell. a) anabolic—synthesis of compounds; an example is photosynthesis b) catabolic—breakdown of compounds; an example is cellular respiration Metabolic pathways—are the steps (enzymes, substrates and products) us ...
C483 Final Exam Study Guide The final will be held in Chemistry
... molecule that you store in your liver. Circle the pathways/cycles below that are part of this overall transformation. Cross out any that are not. Gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, citric acid cycle B. Trace the metabolic path of this glutamate molecule throu ...
... molecule that you store in your liver. Circle the pathways/cycles below that are part of this overall transformation. Cross out any that are not. Gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, citric acid cycle B. Trace the metabolic path of this glutamate molecule throu ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... heme and fatty acids. • Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of new glucose from noncarbohydrate sources, such as lactate, glucogenic amino acids, glycerol, and propionate. It provides glucose to the body when carbohydrate is not available from the diet. • Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from ...
... heme and fatty acids. • Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of new glucose from noncarbohydrate sources, such as lactate, glucogenic amino acids, glycerol, and propionate. It provides glucose to the body when carbohydrate is not available from the diet. • Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from ...
Quiz Chapter 5 Organic Molecules
... 15. A solution with a pH of 10 is how many times more basic than a solution with a pH of 8? a. 2 d. 100 b. 4 e. 1000 c. 10 16. A characteristic that all living things share is that a. they manufacture their own nutrients. b. they contain a cell wall. c. they are composed of organic molecules. d. the ...
... 15. A solution with a pH of 10 is how many times more basic than a solution with a pH of 8? a. 2 d. 100 b. 4 e. 1000 c. 10 16. A characteristic that all living things share is that a. they manufacture their own nutrients. b. they contain a cell wall. c. they are composed of organic molecules. d. the ...
Chapter 8 Worksheet
... Exercise 2 – Glycolysis (8.2) Glycolysis is the first of three steps in cellular respiration. Review glycolysis by matching each phrase on the right with a term on the left. Some terms are used tw ...
... Exercise 2 – Glycolysis (8.2) Glycolysis is the first of three steps in cellular respiration. Review glycolysis by matching each phrase on the right with a term on the left. Some terms are used tw ...
U4L24 Carbo Disposal
... chain, the reduction/dehydration/reduction steps, moving the fatty acid to the right site and finally releasing it as FA-CoA ...
... chain, the reduction/dehydration/reduction steps, moving the fatty acid to the right site and finally releasing it as FA-CoA ...
Chapter 2: Chemical Principles
... • Flagella are made of proteins • Some bacterial toxins are proteins • _____________ - move chemicals across ...
... • Flagella are made of proteins • Some bacterial toxins are proteins • _____________ - move chemicals across ...
BIOCHEMISTRY Carbohydrate Metabolism
... • Digestion – hydrolysis of food molecules into simpler chemical units that can be used by cells for their metabolic needs. • Begins in the mouth – salivary α-amylase catalyzes hydrolysis of αglycosidic bonds of starch – producing smaller polysaccharides & disaccharide (maltose). • No digestion in s ...
... • Digestion – hydrolysis of food molecules into simpler chemical units that can be used by cells for their metabolic needs. • Begins in the mouth – salivary α-amylase catalyzes hydrolysis of αglycosidic bonds of starch – producing smaller polysaccharides & disaccharide (maltose). • No digestion in s ...
Chapter 5 Notes:
... E. Chlorophylls and other pigments involved in absorption of solar energy reside within thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts F. Enzymes are specialized proteins that are necessary for metabolic processes like PHOTOSYNTHESIS because they lower the activation energy needed and control the rate of react ...
... E. Chlorophylls and other pigments involved in absorption of solar energy reside within thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts F. Enzymes are specialized proteins that are necessary for metabolic processes like PHOTOSYNTHESIS because they lower the activation energy needed and control the rate of react ...
Regulation on Cellular respiration
... Glucose is not the only fuel on which cells depend. Other carbohydrates, fats, even proteins may in certain cells or at certain times be used as a source of ATP. One of the great advantages of the step-by-step oxidation of glucose into CO2 and H2O is that several of the intermediate compounds f ...
... Glucose is not the only fuel on which cells depend. Other carbohydrates, fats, even proteins may in certain cells or at certain times be used as a source of ATP. One of the great advantages of the step-by-step oxidation of glucose into CO2 and H2O is that several of the intermediate compounds f ...
powerpoint 29 Aug
... movement of one molecule down its concentration gradient coupled to movement of another molecule up its concentration gradient Two basic types ...
... movement of one molecule down its concentration gradient coupled to movement of another molecule up its concentration gradient Two basic types ...
GOALS FOR LECTURE 7:
... will be detailed in the next set of lectures on aerobic metabolism. In human cells that lack mitochondria (such as red blood cells and the lens cells in the eye), or when there is little or no molecular oxygen available (such as in skeletal muscle during vigorous exercise), pyruvate remains in the c ...
... will be detailed in the next set of lectures on aerobic metabolism. In human cells that lack mitochondria (such as red blood cells and the lens cells in the eye), or when there is little or no molecular oxygen available (such as in skeletal muscle during vigorous exercise), pyruvate remains in the c ...
4 Types Biological Molecules in plants and animals
... P226 Respiration The digestive system breaks food down into molecules the body can use. Proteins are split into amino acids, carbohydrates are reduced to simple sugars, fats are split into glycerol and fatty acids. Nutrients are then absorbed into the blood and transported to all the cells of the bo ...
... P226 Respiration The digestive system breaks food down into molecules the body can use. Proteins are split into amino acids, carbohydrates are reduced to simple sugars, fats are split into glycerol and fatty acids. Nutrients are then absorbed into the blood and transported to all the cells of the bo ...
Chapter 11
... Sugar does not turn into water and carbon dioxide by itself. Outside the body, this reaction would need a flame. How does the body do this at a lower temperature? Enzymes allow your body to initiate chemical reactions at low temperature and to control the rate of reactions. Catalyst – a chemical tha ...
... Sugar does not turn into water and carbon dioxide by itself. Outside the body, this reaction would need a flame. How does the body do this at a lower temperature? Enzymes allow your body to initiate chemical reactions at low temperature and to control the rate of reactions. Catalyst – a chemical tha ...
Glucose
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alpha-D-glucopyranose-2D-skeletal.png?width=300)
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.