BIOCHEMISTRY (CHEM 360)
... Valinomycin is an anti-bacterial that kills bacteria by surrounding K+ ions and shuttling them down their concentration gradient and across membranes. Which of the following might be the cause of cell death? (1) Disruption of secondary transport processes that depend on K+ ion concentration gradient ...
... Valinomycin is an anti-bacterial that kills bacteria by surrounding K+ ions and shuttling them down their concentration gradient and across membranes. Which of the following might be the cause of cell death? (1) Disruption of secondary transport processes that depend on K+ ion concentration gradient ...
Anaerobic Fermentation
... Remaining C and O released as 2CO2 1 ATP is produced Oxaloacetate is reformed Cycle runs one time for each pyruvate ...
... Remaining C and O released as 2CO2 1 ATP is produced Oxaloacetate is reformed Cycle runs one time for each pyruvate ...
Chem 152 - your chem, your time, it`s chemtime!
... Gloves are not needed for this experiment. Please make sure you bring one “sugar-free” sample for the “hidden sugars” part of the experiment. (One unique sample per student) Introduction Carbohydrates are polyhydroxyaldehydes or polyhydroxyketones, or polymers of these. The functional groups present ...
... Gloves are not needed for this experiment. Please make sure you bring one “sugar-free” sample for the “hidden sugars” part of the experiment. (One unique sample per student) Introduction Carbohydrates are polyhydroxyaldehydes or polyhydroxyketones, or polymers of these. The functional groups present ...
Understanding how muscles get energy
... In order to grow bigger and to repair tissues, you need protein. Protein is made of complex molecules made of lots of smaller molecules, amino acids, joined together. When you eat protein, it is broken down into amino acids during digestion. ...
... In order to grow bigger and to repair tissues, you need protein. Protein is made of complex molecules made of lots of smaller molecules, amino acids, joined together. When you eat protein, it is broken down into amino acids during digestion. ...
Carbohydrates
... • The former carbonyl oxygen becomes a hydroxyl group; the position of this group determines if the anomer is or • If the hydroxyl group is on the opposite side (trans) of the ring as the CH2OH moiety the configuration is • In the hydroxyl group is on the same side (cis) of the ring as the CH2 ...
... • The former carbonyl oxygen becomes a hydroxyl group; the position of this group determines if the anomer is or • If the hydroxyl group is on the opposite side (trans) of the ring as the CH2OH moiety the configuration is • In the hydroxyl group is on the same side (cis) of the ring as the CH2 ...
Why should we take care of our bodies?
... immediate source of energy. Think of them like a bunch of M&Ms spilled on a table. They are all loose and can be ...
... immediate source of energy. Think of them like a bunch of M&Ms spilled on a table. They are all loose and can be ...
AP Biology Discussion Notes
... in a different way, that still means the same thing. Make sure to include characteristics! ...
... in a different way, that still means the same thing. Make sure to include characteristics! ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism Glucose Metabolism Oxidation of Glucose
... 1. Hexokinase has high affinity for glucose ( Km ≈ 0.04 mM ) . Since the resting level for blood glucose is about 5mM , therefore hexokinase would be expected to be fully active for all body cells at the resting level and the liver would not be competing with other cells for glucose . On the other h ...
... 1. Hexokinase has high affinity for glucose ( Km ≈ 0.04 mM ) . Since the resting level for blood glucose is about 5mM , therefore hexokinase would be expected to be fully active for all body cells at the resting level and the liver would not be competing with other cells for glucose . On the other h ...
Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life
... Glucose – the sugar in our blood- break down of dietary carbohydrates Fructose- from fruits Galactose- part of milk Disacchardides/Two monomers attached together Glucose + glucose maltose- imp in brewing Glucose and fructose sucrose (common sugar) Glucose + galactose lactose Complex Polysacchardi ...
... Glucose – the sugar in our blood- break down of dietary carbohydrates Fructose- from fruits Galactose- part of milk Disacchardides/Two monomers attached together Glucose + glucose maltose- imp in brewing Glucose and fructose sucrose (common sugar) Glucose + galactose lactose Complex Polysacchardi ...
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry 5/e
... AMP concentration is more sensitive indicator of cell’s energetic state than is [ATP] AMP-activated protein kinase - regulated by [AMP] - A reduced nutrient supply or by increase exercise cause the rise in [AMP] - increase glucose uptake, activates glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation - suppress ener ...
... AMP concentration is more sensitive indicator of cell’s energetic state than is [ATP] AMP-activated protein kinase - regulated by [AMP] - A reduced nutrient supply or by increase exercise cause the rise in [AMP] - increase glucose uptake, activates glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation - suppress ener ...
First Homework Assignment
... an alpha glucosidase, and two would be cut by a beta galactosidase. (Also, one disaccharide would be split by both enzymes and one would be split by neither.) This gives a total of 20 different types of bonds between the two sugars. What are some biological consequences of this diversity? The number ...
... an alpha glucosidase, and two would be cut by a beta galactosidase. (Also, one disaccharide would be split by both enzymes and one would be split by neither.) This gives a total of 20 different types of bonds between the two sugars. What are some biological consequences of this diversity? The number ...
Temperature Homeostasis (thermoregulation)
... animals can do this physiologically. Animals that maintain a fairly constant body temperature (birds and mammals) are called endotherms, while those that have a variable body temperature (all others) are called ectotherms. Endotherms normally maintain their body temperatures at around 35 - 40°C, so ...
... animals can do this physiologically. Animals that maintain a fairly constant body temperature (birds and mammals) are called endotherms, while those that have a variable body temperature (all others) are called ectotherms. Endotherms normally maintain their body temperatures at around 35 - 40°C, so ...
Hormonal regulation and pathologies of carbohydrate metabolism
... High levels of ATP allosterically inhibit the phosphofructokinase 1 in the liver lowering its affinity for fructose 6-phosphate. AMP reverses the inhibitory action of ATP, and so the activity of the enzyme increases when the ATP/AMP ratio is lowered (glycolysis is stimulated as the energy charge fa ...
... High levels of ATP allosterically inhibit the phosphofructokinase 1 in the liver lowering its affinity for fructose 6-phosphate. AMP reverses the inhibitory action of ATP, and so the activity of the enzyme increases when the ATP/AMP ratio is lowered (glycolysis is stimulated as the energy charge fa ...
Food Utilization
... – safe estimate of daily intake for standard needs • Essential nutrients can not be synthesized – minerals, vitamins, 8 amino acids and 1-3 fatty acids ...
... – safe estimate of daily intake for standard needs • Essential nutrients can not be synthesized – minerals, vitamins, 8 amino acids and 1-3 fatty acids ...
as a PDF
... Glucose is an extremely diverse molecule. Not only is it the primary energy source for most organisms, but it can also be toxic to cells if it is allowed to accumulate in high concentrations. Glucose is a small, simple sugar (Figure 1) or monosaccharide (a sugar that can not be broken down by aqueou ...
... Glucose is an extremely diverse molecule. Not only is it the primary energy source for most organisms, but it can also be toxic to cells if it is allowed to accumulate in high concentrations. Glucose is a small, simple sugar (Figure 1) or monosaccharide (a sugar that can not be broken down by aqueou ...
Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration Test Review
... 14. What is the purpose of NADH and FADH2? carry electrons to oxidative phosphorylation stage 15. Which stage finishes breaking down sugar all the way to CO2? Kreb’s (we have taken all of the hydrogens off of glucose to make NADH and FADH2) 16. Which process occurs in ALL organisms (prokaryotic/euka ...
... 14. What is the purpose of NADH and FADH2? carry electrons to oxidative phosphorylation stage 15. Which stage finishes breaking down sugar all the way to CO2? Kreb’s (we have taken all of the hydrogens off of glucose to make NADH and FADH2) 16. Which process occurs in ALL organisms (prokaryotic/euka ...
Quiz8ch8.doc
... 10. ____________________ is the process in which hydrogen ions move down their concentration gradient through ATP-synthesizing enzymes. a. substrate level phosphorylation b. facilitated diffusion c. outer phosphorylation d. chemiosmosis ...
... 10. ____________________ is the process in which hydrogen ions move down their concentration gradient through ATP-synthesizing enzymes. a. substrate level phosphorylation b. facilitated diffusion c. outer phosphorylation d. chemiosmosis ...
ISOLATION OF A BASIC LECTIN FROM SARGASSUM
... Brazilian coast. Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins which interact with carbohydrates through their binding sites. The aim of this work was the characterization of S. cymosum hemagglutinating activity (HA) and isolation of algae lectin (ScyAL) by affinity chromatography. Extract (10%, w/v) was pr ...
... Brazilian coast. Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins which interact with carbohydrates through their binding sites. The aim of this work was the characterization of S. cymosum hemagglutinating activity (HA) and isolation of algae lectin (ScyAL) by affinity chromatography. Extract (10%, w/v) was pr ...
BHS 150.1 – Biochemistry II Date: 2/1/2013, 2sndhalf Notetaker: Kim
... Most fats are put into storage in adipose tissue ...
... Most fats are put into storage in adipose tissue ...
Glycolysis
... F-6-P -amino sugars-glycolipids and glycoproteins G-3-P/DHAP-lipids 3PG-serine PEP-aromatic amino acids, pyrimidines, asp and asn Pyruvate-alanine ...
... F-6-P -amino sugars-glycolipids and glycoproteins G-3-P/DHAP-lipids 3PG-serine PEP-aromatic amino acids, pyrimidines, asp and asn Pyruvate-alanine ...
Cellular Respiration
... continually oxidize glucose in baby steps. A coenzyme (comes from a vitamin – what’s this again?) called NAD+ helps nibble, that’s right I said nibble, away electrons in small steps. Dehydrogenases play a role. What is it? What do dehydrogenases do to the pH of the surrounding solution? Why? ...
... continually oxidize glucose in baby steps. A coenzyme (comes from a vitamin – what’s this again?) called NAD+ helps nibble, that’s right I said nibble, away electrons in small steps. Dehydrogenases play a role. What is it? What do dehydrogenases do to the pH of the surrounding solution? Why? ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS – The anabolic reduction of CO2 to form sugar.
... CHAIN – NADH and FADH2 provide the electrons, and O2 ...
... CHAIN – NADH and FADH2 provide the electrons, and O2 ...
Glycolysis Questions
... Using the diagram provided and page 65-66, answer the following questions. 1. Where does glycolysis occur? ...
... Using the diagram provided and page 65-66, answer the following questions. 1. Where does glycolysis occur? ...
Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.