"thinking acids" handout
... the indicator, the pH will be low at the beginning, so the phenolphthalein will be mostly in the un-ionized or “protonated” “acid” form (we’ll refer to as HIn). As the pH increases over the course of the titration, the pH will eventually get close to the pKa of phenolphthalein, and when pH = pKa, th ...
... the indicator, the pH will be low at the beginning, so the phenolphthalein will be mostly in the un-ionized or “protonated” “acid” form (we’ll refer to as HIn). As the pH increases over the course of the titration, the pH will eventually get close to the pKa of phenolphthalein, and when pH = pKa, th ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.
... • Carbohydrates can be broken down to provide energy for cells. • Some carbohydrates are part of cell structure. Polymer (starch) Starch is a polymer of glucose monomers that often has a branched structure. ...
... • Carbohydrates can be broken down to provide energy for cells. • Some carbohydrates are part of cell structure. Polymer (starch) Starch is a polymer of glucose monomers that often has a branched structure. ...
Integrity and purity of the mitochondrial fraction
... positive for MitoTracker staining (Fig. S1A). The mitochondrial fraction was also essentially free of cytoplasmic contaminants such as GAPDH (absent by western blot, Fig. S1B), and the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. The activity of the latter enzyme accounted for < 20% of that found in cyto ...
... positive for MitoTracker staining (Fig. S1A). The mitochondrial fraction was also essentially free of cytoplasmic contaminants such as GAPDH (absent by western blot, Fig. S1B), and the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. The activity of the latter enzyme accounted for < 20% of that found in cyto ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... from noncarbohydrate sources, such as lactate, glucogenic amino acids, glycerol, and propionate. It provides glucose to the body when carbohydrate is not available from the diet. • Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from glucose. Glycogen is broken down by a separate pathway known as glycogen ...
... from noncarbohydrate sources, such as lactate, glucogenic amino acids, glycerol, and propionate. It provides glucose to the body when carbohydrate is not available from the diet. • Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from glucose. Glycogen is broken down by a separate pathway known as glycogen ...
Carbohydrate metabolism2
... 4.In the fed state, most glucose is used to synthesize glycogen, which acts as a store of glucose for use in exercise, 'preloading' with glucose is used by some long-distance athletes to build up stores of glycogen. 5.Epinephrine stimulates glycogenolysis in skeletal muscle, whereas glucagon does no ...
... 4.In the fed state, most glucose is used to synthesize glycogen, which acts as a store of glucose for use in exercise, 'preloading' with glucose is used by some long-distance athletes to build up stores of glycogen. 5.Epinephrine stimulates glycogenolysis in skeletal muscle, whereas glucagon does no ...
09.08.11 Chemistry of Amino Acids
... tyrosinate, Trp sometimes participating in H bonding through N-H. ...
... tyrosinate, Trp sometimes participating in H bonding through N-H. ...
Biomolecules
... Proteolysis, amino acid pool, metabolic flow of amino acid nitrogen, fate of carbon skeletons, biosynthesis of other amino acid-derived compounds, heme metabolism. Nucleotide metabolism Synthesis of purine and pymiridine nucleotides Degradation of purines and pyrimidines, inhibition of purine and py ...
... Proteolysis, amino acid pool, metabolic flow of amino acid nitrogen, fate of carbon skeletons, biosynthesis of other amino acid-derived compounds, heme metabolism. Nucleotide metabolism Synthesis of purine and pymiridine nucleotides Degradation of purines and pyrimidines, inhibition of purine and py ...
Biosynthesis of Lipids and Hydrocarbons in Algae
... 2004). Mitochondrial ACP-type enzymes are well characterized especially in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hiltunen et al., 2010). In the green alga C. reinhardtii, FAS is thought to be localized both in the plastid and the mitochondrion individually since respective FAS gene is represented as s ...
... 2004). Mitochondrial ACP-type enzymes are well characterized especially in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hiltunen et al., 2010). In the green alga C. reinhardtii, FAS is thought to be localized both in the plastid and the mitochondrion individually since respective FAS gene is represented as s ...
PowerPoint 簡報
... is converted to various end products via bacterial species. 2. The NADH produced during glycolysis is recycled to NAD. 3. Many bacteria are identified on the basis of their fermentative end products. 4. Fermentation of bacteria produces yogurt, sauerkraut, flavors to various cheeses and wines. 5. Al ...
... is converted to various end products via bacterial species. 2. The NADH produced during glycolysis is recycled to NAD. 3. Many bacteria are identified on the basis of their fermentative end products. 4. Fermentation of bacteria produces yogurt, sauerkraut, flavors to various cheeses and wines. 5. Al ...
Caffeic acid in lowering blood glucose in the application
... on research: applications to normal mice fed caffeic acid, showing the increase of postprandial blood glucose has good inhibition in the experimental group lower postprandial blood glucose than the control group 23% -55%. Caffeic acid in diabetic rat renal medulla by stimulating the secretion of B e ...
... on research: applications to normal mice fed caffeic acid, showing the increase of postprandial blood glucose has good inhibition in the experimental group lower postprandial blood glucose than the control group 23% -55%. Caffeic acid in diabetic rat renal medulla by stimulating the secretion of B e ...
8.2 HL Respiration pPractice Questions
... o The remaining two-carbon molecule (acetyl group) reacts with reduced coenzyme A, and, at the same time, one NADH + H+ is formed. o This is known as the link reaction. o In the Krebs cycle, each acetyl group (CH3CO) formed in the link reaction yields two CO2. o The names of the intermediate compoun ...
... o The remaining two-carbon molecule (acetyl group) reacts with reduced coenzyme A, and, at the same time, one NADH + H+ is formed. o This is known as the link reaction. o In the Krebs cycle, each acetyl group (CH3CO) formed in the link reaction yields two CO2. o The names of the intermediate compoun ...
waterside dentalcare What is acid erosion of the teeth? What do I eat
... finishing your meal with a little cheese or milk. Try to eat fewer acidic meals or snacks. 2. Avoid all acid food or drinks between meals. Remember, sugar in tea or coffee will also form acids that will damage your teeth. 3. If as a result of ‘Heartburn’ or indigestion for example, acid from your st ...
... finishing your meal with a little cheese or milk. Try to eat fewer acidic meals or snacks. 2. Avoid all acid food or drinks between meals. Remember, sugar in tea or coffee will also form acids that will damage your teeth. 3. If as a result of ‘Heartburn’ or indigestion for example, acid from your st ...
Proteins are polymers of amino acids, Polypeptides (cofactors
... Classification of amino acids 1- Essential amino acid – An amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the organism (usually referring to humans), or can only make in inadequate quantities and therefore must be supplied in the diet. – Need to be consumed from the diet – 8-10 essential amino acids – De ...
... Classification of amino acids 1- Essential amino acid – An amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the organism (usually referring to humans), or can only make in inadequate quantities and therefore must be supplied in the diet. – Need to be consumed from the diet – 8-10 essential amino acids – De ...
Chapter 11 Problem Set
... Chap. 11. Problem 7. To solve this problem, ignoring the transmembrane electrical potential, the equation ...
... Chap. 11. Problem 7. To solve this problem, ignoring the transmembrane electrical potential, the equation ...
STUDY GUIDE FOR CELLULAR RESPIRATION Cellular
... c. Hydrogens diffuse across the membrane back to the inside via a carrier protein that ads a PHOSPHATE group to ADP d. ADP + PO4 = ATP e. At the end of the chain spent electrons, Hydrogen ions and O2 combine to form H20. RESPIRATION IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN ...
... c. Hydrogens diffuse across the membrane back to the inside via a carrier protein that ads a PHOSPHATE group to ADP d. ADP + PO4 = ATP e. At the end of the chain spent electrons, Hydrogen ions and O2 combine to form H20. RESPIRATION IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN ...
Fructose 6
... Antioxidant functions: a) major active oxygen species; rank according to relative reactivity b) enzymes that remove peroxides and superoxide radicals from a cell and name their cofactor. c) why a defect of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the red blood cell might lead to loss of membrane integri ...
... Antioxidant functions: a) major active oxygen species; rank according to relative reactivity b) enzymes that remove peroxides and superoxide radicals from a cell and name their cofactor. c) why a defect of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the red blood cell might lead to loss of membrane integri ...
Proteins - Northern Highlands
... leading to the polymerization of amino acids into peptides and proteins. Peptides are small consisting of a few amino acids. A number of hormones and neurotransmitters are peptides. A dipeptide contains a single peptide bond formed by the condensation of a carboxyl group of one amino acid with the a ...
... leading to the polymerization of amino acids into peptides and proteins. Peptides are small consisting of a few amino acids. A number of hormones and neurotransmitters are peptides. A dipeptide contains a single peptide bond formed by the condensation of a carboxyl group of one amino acid with the a ...
Monosaccharides
... connective tissue. It insufficiency in the diet causes scurvy, decreases the body's resistance to infectious diseases etc. ...
... connective tissue. It insufficiency in the diet causes scurvy, decreases the body's resistance to infectious diseases etc. ...
Section VI. Lipid metabolism overview:
... • Describe the role of bile salts in this process • Describe how micelles enter epithelial cells, and are reconverted to TG • Explain how TG plus apoproteins and other lipids form nascent chylomicrons that exit cells • Describe role of HDL lipoproteins to mature the nascent chylomicrons, and breakdo ...
... • Describe the role of bile salts in this process • Describe how micelles enter epithelial cells, and are reconverted to TG • Explain how TG plus apoproteins and other lipids form nascent chylomicrons that exit cells • Describe role of HDL lipoproteins to mature the nascent chylomicrons, and breakdo ...
TCA Cycle
... pick up protons from one side and release then on the other side 2. Ionophores • Hydrophobic molecules that disspate osmotic gradients by inserting them selves into the membrane and form a channel ...
... pick up protons from one side and release then on the other side 2. Ionophores • Hydrophobic molecules that disspate osmotic gradients by inserting them selves into the membrane and form a channel ...
print
... • Nitriles also have dipole-dipole interactions, because they have a polar C≡N group. • Because they contain one or two N–H bonds, 1° and 2° amides are capable of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and will have substantially higher melting and boiling points. ...
... • Nitriles also have dipole-dipole interactions, because they have a polar C≡N group. • Because they contain one or two N–H bonds, 1° and 2° amides are capable of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and will have substantially higher melting and boiling points. ...
The Cell, 5e
... • Digested in intestinal lumen: free FA and 2-monoacylglycerol are reconverted to TG in intestinal cells • TG are packaged as chylomicrons (apoB) and secreted into blood ; matured with additional proteins • VLDL (very-low-density-lipoproteins) produced in liver from dietary carbohydrates (insulin st ...
... • Digested in intestinal lumen: free FA and 2-monoacylglycerol are reconverted to TG in intestinal cells • TG are packaged as chylomicrons (apoB) and secreted into blood ; matured with additional proteins • VLDL (very-low-density-lipoproteins) produced in liver from dietary carbohydrates (insulin st ...
HERE
... Which of the following is the correct sequence for the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP? A. Electron transport chain. B. Kreb’s cycle. C. Glycolysis. D. Formation of acetyl CoA. Correct order: ___→ __ → __ → _ ANSWER ...
... Which of the following is the correct sequence for the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP? A. Electron transport chain. B. Kreb’s cycle. C. Glycolysis. D. Formation of acetyl CoA. Correct order: ___→ __ → __ → _ ANSWER ...
Slide 1
... Isolated genes using polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) and inserted into cloning vectors ...
... Isolated genes using polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) and inserted into cloning vectors ...
Powerpoint
... Some R groups are reactive and will interact with other reactive R groups in the chain. These are the amino acids that are either charged or that have a sulphur atom. The interactions ( + and – attractions and S-S bridges) will fold the molecule over into a highly specific 3-dimensional shape. It is ...
... Some R groups are reactive and will interact with other reactive R groups in the chain. These are the amino acids that are either charged or that have a sulphur atom. The interactions ( + and – attractions and S-S bridges) will fold the molecule over into a highly specific 3-dimensional shape. It is ...
Fatty acid synthesis
Fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors through action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. It is an important part of the lipogenesis process, which – together with glycolysis – functions to create fats from blood sugar in living organisms.