Protein kinase Ca activation by RET: evidence for a negative
... (FGF receptor substrate 2), RAI and Dok1. The ...
... (FGF receptor substrate 2), RAI and Dok1. The ...
A decrease in cellular energy status stimulates PERK
... of translation initiation [10]. eIF2B activity is regulated by a number of mechanisms, including competitive inhibition by phosphorylation of the α-subunit of its substrate eIF2 (eIF2α) on Ser51 [11,12]. eIF2α phosphorylation occurs in response to a wide array of cellular stresses mediated by one of ...
... of translation initiation [10]. eIF2B activity is regulated by a number of mechanisms, including competitive inhibition by phosphorylation of the α-subunit of its substrate eIF2 (eIF2α) on Ser51 [11,12]. eIF2α phosphorylation occurs in response to a wide array of cellular stresses mediated by one of ...
Studies on legume receptors for Nod and Myc symbiotic signals
... play important roles in plant development by improving their mineral nutrition. Produced by Rhizobia bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) were shown to be essential for the formation of the rhizobial symbiosis and to have stimulatory effects on mycorrhization. In the leg ...
... play important roles in plant development by improving their mineral nutrition. Produced by Rhizobia bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) were shown to be essential for the formation of the rhizobial symbiosis and to have stimulatory effects on mycorrhization. In the leg ...
Signaling pathways in myocyte hypertrophy. Role of GATA4
... affected. Antisense PKCα treatment inhibited PE induced expression of α-SkA, while increased protein synthesis or β-MHC gene expression were not affected. Sretching of the perfused rat atria increased BNP, c-fos and BNP gene expression via mechanism involving p38 MAP kinase activation of transcripti ...
... affected. Antisense PKCα treatment inhibited PE induced expression of α-SkA, while increased protein synthesis or β-MHC gene expression were not affected. Sretching of the perfused rat atria increased BNP, c-fos and BNP gene expression via mechanism involving p38 MAP kinase activation of transcripti ...
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate mediates glycolysis and the TCA cycle
... Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has many adverse effects on immunity and metabolic states. However, scarce information is available on its connection with toxicologically relevant proteomics response in marine invertebrates. In this study, GS-MS was employed to determine the bio-accumulated level ...
... Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has many adverse effects on immunity and metabolic states. However, scarce information is available on its connection with toxicologically relevant proteomics response in marine invertebrates. In this study, GS-MS was employed to determine the bio-accumulated level ...
Gene Section PAWR (PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein) in Oncology and Haematology
... develop tumors of the liver, lung, and endometrium; prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and an increased frequency of estrogen-inducible tumors in the endometrium and BBN-inducible tumors in the bladder. Endogenous Par-4/PAWR expressed in normal and cancer cells does not, by itself, causes apoptosi ...
... develop tumors of the liver, lung, and endometrium; prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and an increased frequency of estrogen-inducible tumors in the endometrium and BBN-inducible tumors in the bladder. Endogenous Par-4/PAWR expressed in normal and cancer cells does not, by itself, causes apoptosi ...
Pectin Modification in Cell Walls of Ripening Tomatoes Occurs in
... protein on thin sections of pericarp tissue at different developmental stages. De-esterification of pectins and deposition of PCll protein occur in block-like domains within the cell wall. l h e boundaries of these domains are distinct and persistent, implying strict, spatial regulation of enzymic a ...
... protein on thin sections of pericarp tissue at different developmental stages. De-esterification of pectins and deposition of PCll protein occur in block-like domains within the cell wall. l h e boundaries of these domains are distinct and persistent, implying strict, spatial regulation of enzymic a ...
Study of Alternative Functions of the Mitochondrial Protein Bak
... Figure 2: Mitochondrial electron transport chain and ROS production. Mitochondrial complex I uses electrons carried by NADH and complex II uses electrons from FADH 2 formed by succinate dehydrogenase to reduce coenzyme Q. Coenzyme Q shuttles these electrons to complex III, where they are transferred ...
... Figure 2: Mitochondrial electron transport chain and ROS production. Mitochondrial complex I uses electrons carried by NADH and complex II uses electrons from FADH 2 formed by succinate dehydrogenase to reduce coenzyme Q. Coenzyme Q shuttles these electrons to complex III, where they are transferred ...
Catalogue Code: BA0125 Pack Size: 400 assays
... This kit is sufficient for 400 assays in 384-well plate (200 assays in 96-well plate). Use black flat-bottom plates. Prior to assay, bring all reagents to room temperature. Assays in duplicate wells are recommended. Interference: thiols (-mercaptoethanol, dithioerythritol etc) at > 10 M interfere ...
... This kit is sufficient for 400 assays in 384-well plate (200 assays in 96-well plate). Use black flat-bottom plates. Prior to assay, bring all reagents to room temperature. Assays in duplicate wells are recommended. Interference: thiols (-mercaptoethanol, dithioerythritol etc) at > 10 M interfere ...
NIH Public Access
... we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and ...
... we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and ...
Identification and Characterization of Two Temperature
... The present study was performed to identify stress-induced putative virulence proteins of Streptococcus suis. For this, protein expression patterns of streptococci grown at 32, 37, and 42°C were compared by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Temperature shifts from 32 and 37 to 42°C induc ...
... The present study was performed to identify stress-induced putative virulence proteins of Streptococcus suis. For this, protein expression patterns of streptococci grown at 32, 37, and 42°C were compared by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Temperature shifts from 32 and 37 to 42°C induc ...
Biosynthesis of Amino Acids
... acids from their diet. Humans can only synthesize about half of the twenty amino acids. • In general, the more complex amino acids are essential amino acids in humans as they require enzymes that have been lost from the human genome over evolutionary time. • Most animals are much more restricted in ...
... acids from their diet. Humans can only synthesize about half of the twenty amino acids. • In general, the more complex amino acids are essential amino acids in humans as they require enzymes that have been lost from the human genome over evolutionary time. • Most animals are much more restricted in ...
Towards an Analysis of the Rice Mitochondrial Proteome
... 1996; Werhahn and Braun, 2002). A different solution to the exclusion problem, with an even wider applicability, is non-gel-based separation of complex mixtures. These approaches often use liquid chromatography (LC)-based separations of peptide derived from whole-sample digests that are directly cou ...
... 1996; Werhahn and Braun, 2002). A different solution to the exclusion problem, with an even wider applicability, is non-gel-based separation of complex mixtures. These approaches often use liquid chromatography (LC)-based separations of peptide derived from whole-sample digests that are directly cou ...
The Malaria Parasite`s Chloroquine Resistance Transporter is a
... transporter superfamily (Martin, Trueman, and Kirk 2003; Tran and Saier 2004). Here we present a detailed bioinformatic analysis of the protein and of the family and superfamily to which it belongs. Comparisons between PfCRT and members of the superfamily provide insight into the possible role of th ...
... transporter superfamily (Martin, Trueman, and Kirk 2003; Tran and Saier 2004). Here we present a detailed bioinformatic analysis of the protein and of the family and superfamily to which it belongs. Comparisons between PfCRT and members of the superfamily provide insight into the possible role of th ...
The role of multifunctional M1 metallopeptidases
... appears to act as a receptor and a signalling molecule (reviewed in Mina-Osorio, 2008). However, these functions are likely to include other protein partners. APN acts as receptor for corona viruses (Kolb et al., 1998; Tusell et al., 2007), and appears to function in cholesterol uptake independent o ...
... appears to act as a receptor and a signalling molecule (reviewed in Mina-Osorio, 2008). However, these functions are likely to include other protein partners. APN acts as receptor for corona viruses (Kolb et al., 1998; Tusell et al., 2007), and appears to function in cholesterol uptake independent o ...
Homology between the DNA-binding domain of the GCN4
... The target sequences to which the GCN4 protein binds have been determined (14-16). Similar target sequences may exist for the jun protein and conceivably could be defined by using large quantities of purified jun protein produced by an expression vector. It might even be possible that clues as to po ...
... The target sequences to which the GCN4 protein binds have been determined (14-16). Similar target sequences may exist for the jun protein and conceivably could be defined by using large quantities of purified jun protein produced by an expression vector. It might even be possible that clues as to po ...
BioAssay Systems Kinase
... be decreased in the presence of an inhibitor. 1. Controls and compounds. Use a known kinase inhibitor (e.g. staurosporine) as a positive control. Alternatively, “no enzyme” wells can serve as a positive control. Use the same volume of the compound solvent (e.g. DMSO) as an inhibitor negative control ...
... be decreased in the presence of an inhibitor. 1. Controls and compounds. Use a known kinase inhibitor (e.g. staurosporine) as a positive control. Alternatively, “no enzyme” wells can serve as a positive control. Use the same volume of the compound solvent (e.g. DMSO) as an inhibitor negative control ...
Complex networks orchestrate epithelial–mesenchymal transitions
... It has also been shown that activators of EMT, such as EGF, signal to SNAI1 through p21-activated kinase-1 (PAK1)23. PAK1 phosphorylates SNAI1 on a different Ser residue from GSK3β, which results in the accumulation of SNAI1 in the nucleus and subsequent SNAI1-mediated transcriptional repression of ...
... It has also been shown that activators of EMT, such as EGF, signal to SNAI1 through p21-activated kinase-1 (PAK1)23. PAK1 phosphorylates SNAI1 on a different Ser residue from GSK3β, which results in the accumulation of SNAI1 in the nucleus and subsequent SNAI1-mediated transcriptional repression of ...
enzymes-regulation-text
... (phosphorylation) by protein kinases and their removal (by protein phosphatases) is frequently used to modulate the activity of enzymes; ...
... (phosphorylation) by protein kinases and their removal (by protein phosphatases) is frequently used to modulate the activity of enzymes; ...
Protein-A Science-Based Approach By Dr. Joe Klemczewski
... source, and whether the source is in liquid or solid state, which influences speed of digestion. I’ll address digestion further when I turn the series toward meal planning, but let’s talk amino acid specificity. ...
... source, and whether the source is in liquid or solid state, which influences speed of digestion. I’ll address digestion further when I turn the series toward meal planning, but let’s talk amino acid specificity. ...
Identification of a family of BspA like surface proteins of Entamoeba
... worldwide [1]. E. histolytica trophozoites invade into submucosal tissues of the colon, which brings them into contact with extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen, laminin, and fibronectin. Amebic contact with fibronectin induces alterations in actin polymerization, trophozoite motility, an ...
... worldwide [1]. E. histolytica trophozoites invade into submucosal tissues of the colon, which brings them into contact with extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen, laminin, and fibronectin. Amebic contact with fibronectin induces alterations in actin polymerization, trophozoite motility, an ...
Plant cell walls as targets for biotechnology
... several years ago [20] but use of the bacterial clone as probe for higher plant cellulose synthase proved fruitless. The identification of four domains essential for binding of the UDP-glucose substrate in many (1→4)-β-D-glucosyl transferases [20] proved to be the breakthrough needed to identify the ...
... several years ago [20] but use of the bacterial clone as probe for higher plant cellulose synthase proved fruitless. The identification of four domains essential for binding of the UDP-glucose substrate in many (1→4)-β-D-glucosyl transferases [20] proved to be the breakthrough needed to identify the ...
Different fatty acid metabolism effects of −)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and C75 in (
... including lung cancer. We characterize and compare the anti-cancer effects of the FASN inhibitors C75 and (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in a lung cancer model. Methods: We evaluated in vitro the effects of C75 and EGCG on fatty acid metabolism (FASN and CPT enzymes), cellular proliferation, ...
... including lung cancer. We characterize and compare the anti-cancer effects of the FASN inhibitors C75 and (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in a lung cancer model. Methods: We evaluated in vitro the effects of C75 and EGCG on fatty acid metabolism (FASN and CPT enzymes), cellular proliferation, ...
Mechanical stimuli of skeletal muscle: implications on mTOR/p70s6k
... Accepted: 25 September 2007 © Springer-Verlag 2007 ...
... Accepted: 25 September 2007 © Springer-Verlag 2007 ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.