Lecture 3 - Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis 1 2 3 4
... molecules to two molecules of pyruvic acid (C3H4O3). Pyruvic acid is more oxidized than glucose The energy released from the oxidation is used to create 2 molecules of ATP from 2 ADP and 2 Pi This is an anaerobic process. Under anaerobic conditions the pyruvic acid can be fermented to lactic acid or ...
... molecules to two molecules of pyruvic acid (C3H4O3). Pyruvic acid is more oxidized than glucose The energy released from the oxidation is used to create 2 molecules of ATP from 2 ADP and 2 Pi This is an anaerobic process. Under anaerobic conditions the pyruvic acid can be fermented to lactic acid or ...
EF-Tu PROTEIN DOMAINS
... The bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) has been extensively studied for decades as it plays a key role in protein biosynthesis. It is a model, multifunctional GTP-protein. This protein is also in the centre of interest as a possible target for new antibiotics. Moreover, the high homology in stru ...
... The bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) has been extensively studied for decades as it plays a key role in protein biosynthesis. It is a model, multifunctional GTP-protein. This protein is also in the centre of interest as a possible target for new antibiotics. Moreover, the high homology in stru ...
14-3-3 associates with cell surface aminopeptidase N in the
... responsible for degradation of ECM and are involved in a variety of biological processes, such as tissue repair and remodeling, embryonic development, bone growth/resorption and tumor metastasis (Butler and Overall, 2009b; Nagase et al., 2006; Rodriguez et al., 2010). The synthesis of MMPs by stroma ...
... responsible for degradation of ECM and are involved in a variety of biological processes, such as tissue repair and remodeling, embryonic development, bone growth/resorption and tumor metastasis (Butler and Overall, 2009b; Nagase et al., 2006; Rodriguez et al., 2010). The synthesis of MMPs by stroma ...
Recent Advances in Plant Early Signaling in Response to Herbivory
... phytohormone (JA and ethylene)-related signaling pathways, but rather directly impacts transcription factors for defense responses. In turn, those CDPKs are directly involved in transcriptional activation of PDF1.2 by phosphorylating a heat shock transcriptional factor (HsfB2a) in herbivore-infested ...
... phytohormone (JA and ethylene)-related signaling pathways, but rather directly impacts transcription factors for defense responses. In turn, those CDPKs are directly involved in transcriptional activation of PDF1.2 by phosphorylating a heat shock transcriptional factor (HsfB2a) in herbivore-infested ...
Full-Text
... prion-like phenomena in yeast. In mammals, amyloids can be associated with a group of devastating neurodegenerative diseases, but yeast prions do not result in cell death [26,27]. Over the past few years, the number of yeast prions has rapidly grown [28]. Yeast prions can act as heritable proteinace ...
... prion-like phenomena in yeast. In mammals, amyloids can be associated with a group of devastating neurodegenerative diseases, but yeast prions do not result in cell death [26,27]. Over the past few years, the number of yeast prions has rapidly grown [28]. Yeast prions can act as heritable proteinace ...
edn1 - University of Oregon (SPUR)
... •Amenable to genetics: -Easy to take care of -lay in large numbers •Amenable to embryology: -Clear embryos -Develop rapidly •And they’re vertebrates! -Can study skeletal development -Relevant to human development/disease ...
... •Amenable to genetics: -Easy to take care of -lay in large numbers •Amenable to embryology: -Clear embryos -Develop rapidly •And they’re vertebrates! -Can study skeletal development -Relevant to human development/disease ...
03-232 Biochemistry Exam II - 2013 Name:________________________
... will receive the best grade. Allot 1 min/2 points. Note: An 18 pt question is on pg. 4. 1. (4 pts) In an experiment to measure ligand binding, the concentration of the free ligand is adjusted to be equal to the KD, i.e. [L]=KD=1µM. Please complete one of the following two questions regarding measuri ...
... will receive the best grade. Allot 1 min/2 points. Note: An 18 pt question is on pg. 4. 1. (4 pts) In an experiment to measure ligand binding, the concentration of the free ligand is adjusted to be equal to the KD, i.e. [L]=KD=1µM. Please complete one of the following two questions regarding measuri ...
Lecture 3: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
... 2. Bacterial surface layers: Bacteria posses 3 anatomical barriers to protect the cells from external damage. Bacterial capsule is the outer most layer and made up of high molecular weight polysaccharides. It is impermeable to the water or other aqueous solvent and it is responsible for antigenicity ...
... 2. Bacterial surface layers: Bacteria posses 3 anatomical barriers to protect the cells from external damage. Bacterial capsule is the outer most layer and made up of high molecular weight polysaccharides. It is impermeable to the water or other aqueous solvent and it is responsible for antigenicity ...
Chapter 9a - Richsingiser.com
... • No safe and effective drugs exist for this disease, but research has focused on the N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) that attaches myristic acid anchors to several essential cellular proteins in T. brucei • One inhibitor of T. brucei (DDD85646) inhibits trypanosome NMT at concentrations 200-fold lower ...
... • No safe and effective drugs exist for this disease, but research has focused on the N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) that attaches myristic acid anchors to several essential cellular proteins in T. brucei • One inhibitor of T. brucei (DDD85646) inhibits trypanosome NMT at concentrations 200-fold lower ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676.
... as compared to other active drugs for diabetes and therefore could be recommended for further studies. Keywords: Molecular docking, diabetes, lead compound, analogous design. ...
... as compared to other active drugs for diabetes and therefore could be recommended for further studies. Keywords: Molecular docking, diabetes, lead compound, analogous design. ...
FGF signaling controls caudal hindbrain specification through Ras
... mice have shown that they contain functional vHNF1binding sites, suggesting that vHnf1 can control these genes in a direct manner as well [13,14]. One of the questions that have challenged developmental biologists in the last years is how FGF signaling can generate such a different array of response ...
... mice have shown that they contain functional vHNF1binding sites, suggesting that vHnf1 can control these genes in a direct manner as well [13,14]. One of the questions that have challenged developmental biologists in the last years is how FGF signaling can generate such a different array of response ...
Comparative Models of GABAA Receptor
... Nomenclature Conventions. Amino acid sequence numbering corresponds to the mature protein. In the helix 2 segment, the primed index-numbering scheme is used as well. Whenever individual amino acid residues are named in the text, their residue number in mature rat protein (GABAA receptors) or torpedo ...
... Nomenclature Conventions. Amino acid sequence numbering corresponds to the mature protein. In the helix 2 segment, the primed index-numbering scheme is used as well. Whenever individual amino acid residues are named in the text, their residue number in mature rat protein (GABAA receptors) or torpedo ...
sorghum protein - Simply Sorghum
... bran is a rich source of condensed tannins, also known as proanthocyanidins, specifically containing epicatechin and catechin. Black sorghum bran contains anthocyanins, including 3-deoxyanthocyanins (apigeninidin) and luteolinidin7. The high levels of 3-deoxyanthocyanins are relatively rare in natur ...
... bran is a rich source of condensed tannins, also known as proanthocyanidins, specifically containing epicatechin and catechin. Black sorghum bran contains anthocyanins, including 3-deoxyanthocyanins (apigeninidin) and luteolinidin7. The high levels of 3-deoxyanthocyanins are relatively rare in natur ...
Lewis lung carcinoma regulation of mechanical stretch - AJP-Cell
... stimulation can occur independent of Akt, and there is evidence that signaling involving phospholipase D (25, 73) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) (34, 38) is involved in the process. Mechanical stimuli can activate muscle ERK1/2 and p38 signaling (37, 44), which can both indu ...
... stimulation can occur independent of Akt, and there is evidence that signaling involving phospholipase D (25, 73) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) (34, 38) is involved in the process. Mechanical stimuli can activate muscle ERK1/2 and p38 signaling (37, 44), which can both indu ...
Plant Lipoxygenases. Physiological and Molecular Features
... tive to wounding and insect attack responses (McConn et al., 1997; Xie et al., 1998). Similarly, Arabidopsis plants with cosuppressed expression of the nuclear gene coding for the chloroplastic Atlox2 have diminished levels of JA and have reduced expression levels of the wound-induced vsp gene (Bell ...
... tive to wounding and insect attack responses (McConn et al., 1997; Xie et al., 1998). Similarly, Arabidopsis plants with cosuppressed expression of the nuclear gene coding for the chloroplastic Atlox2 have diminished levels of JA and have reduced expression levels of the wound-induced vsp gene (Bell ...
The genomes of four tapeworm species reveal adaptations to
... 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3), consistent with previous observations of karyotype plasticity in flatworms11. Aided by deep transcriptome sequencing from multiple life-cycle stages, we identified 10,231 to 12,490 putative genes per genome (Supplementary Table 5.5). Similar to the genome of S. mansoni12, distinct ...
... 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3), consistent with previous observations of karyotype plasticity in flatworms11. Aided by deep transcriptome sequencing from multiple life-cycle stages, we identified 10,231 to 12,490 putative genes per genome (Supplementary Table 5.5). Similar to the genome of S. mansoni12, distinct ...
bbr052online 329..336 - Oxford Academic
... In recent years, numerous biocomputational tools have been designed to extract functional and evolutionary information from multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) of proteins and genes. Most biologists working actively on the characterization of proteins from a single or family perspective use the MSA ...
... In recent years, numerous biocomputational tools have been designed to extract functional and evolutionary information from multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) of proteins and genes. Most biologists working actively on the characterization of proteins from a single or family perspective use the MSA ...
Optimal Dietary Protein Levels in Juvenile Electric Blue Cichlid
... A feeding trial was conducted to determine the dietary protein requirement of juvenile electric blue cichlids (Sciaenochromis fryeri). Groups of fish (0.50±0.01 g) were fed one of four isocaloric diets containing protein levels ranging 35-50% for 12 weeks. According to the broken-line model, the die ...
... A feeding trial was conducted to determine the dietary protein requirement of juvenile electric blue cichlids (Sciaenochromis fryeri). Groups of fish (0.50±0.01 g) were fed one of four isocaloric diets containing protein levels ranging 35-50% for 12 weeks. According to the broken-line model, the die ...
rh-oligopeptide-1___tech_sheet
... etabolism, accelerate skin cell division and growth, stimulate the synthesis hyaluronic acid and glycoproteins. Accelerate cell regeneration and tissue repair: EGF can promote the healing of wound surface of skin and mucosa, reduce scar contracture and skin’ abnormal proliferation. It produces good ...
... etabolism, accelerate skin cell division and growth, stimulate the synthesis hyaluronic acid and glycoproteins. Accelerate cell regeneration and tissue repair: EGF can promote the healing of wound surface of skin and mucosa, reduce scar contracture and skin’ abnormal proliferation. It produces good ...
What is function
... Gene Ontology - flexibility • Imagine • protein 1 phosphorylates protein 2 • protein 2 binds to protein 3 (which then binds to DNA) • proteins 1, 2, or 3 may be coded on nearby genes • makes sense in terms of regulation / protein production • different metabolic functions • part of same "cellular p ...
... Gene Ontology - flexibility • Imagine • protein 1 phosphorylates protein 2 • protein 2 binds to protein 3 (which then binds to DNA) • proteins 1, 2, or 3 may be coded on nearby genes • makes sense in terms of regulation / protein production • different metabolic functions • part of same "cellular p ...
Ontologies for biological annotation
... process The processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs ...
... process The processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs ...
Protein - people.vcu.edu
... secondary structure are fibrous and generally play a structural role. An example is the protein fibrin, which forms the protein network that makes up blood clots. In some cases structures common to several proteins with similar functions have been identified. One example is the helix-turn-helix moti ...
... secondary structure are fibrous and generally play a structural role. An example is the protein fibrin, which forms the protein network that makes up blood clots. In some cases structures common to several proteins with similar functions have been identified. One example is the helix-turn-helix moti ...
Spemann`s organizer and the self-regulation of
... The way forward in the analysis of self-regulation of pattern came from a transplantation experiment carried out by a graduate student at Freiburg University named Hilde Mangold. Under the direction of Hans Spemann, she grafted the dorsal blastopore lip, the region where gastrulation starts, from a ...
... The way forward in the analysis of self-regulation of pattern came from a transplantation experiment carried out by a graduate student at Freiburg University named Hilde Mangold. Under the direction of Hans Spemann, she grafted the dorsal blastopore lip, the region where gastrulation starts, from a ...
Effects of various oxidants and antioxidants on the p38
... various forms of environmental stress, including hyperosmolarity, oxidative stress and heat shock [20, 21]. The respective MAPK subfamily in the amphibian heart has been previously characterised in our laboratory [22–25]. In particular, amphibian p38-MAPK has been found to be stimulated by mechanica ...
... various forms of environmental stress, including hyperosmolarity, oxidative stress and heat shock [20, 21]. The respective MAPK subfamily in the amphibian heart has been previously characterised in our laboratory [22–25]. In particular, amphibian p38-MAPK has been found to be stimulated by mechanica ...
Chapter 18
... Necrotic core results from apoptosis and necrosis, increased proteolytic activity and lipid accumulation. ...
... Necrotic core results from apoptosis and necrosis, increased proteolytic activity and lipid accumulation. ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.