- Nottingham ePrints
... high levels of phospho-ERK in the mesenchyme surrounding the bead (3/3 embryos, Fig.3A-C). Beads soaked in FGF10 (4/4 embryos, Fig.3D-F), which is also expressed in limb bud mesenchyme but has different receptor specificity (Zhang et al., 2006), or control beads soaked in 0.1% BSA (4/4 embryos, Fig. ...
... high levels of phospho-ERK in the mesenchyme surrounding the bead (3/3 embryos, Fig.3A-C). Beads soaked in FGF10 (4/4 embryos, Fig.3D-F), which is also expressed in limb bud mesenchyme but has different receptor specificity (Zhang et al., 2006), or control beads soaked in 0.1% BSA (4/4 embryos, Fig. ...
Recent Studies of Phenylketonuria Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an
... triggers neuronal apoptosis. Recent studies found that RhoA/ROCK pathway and apoptosis are linked. This raised the question if RhoA/ROCK signaling is involved with Phe induced apoptosis. RhoA is known to regulate neuronal development and initiates cellular proce ...
... triggers neuronal apoptosis. Recent studies found that RhoA/ROCK pathway and apoptosis are linked. This raised the question if RhoA/ROCK signaling is involved with Phe induced apoptosis. RhoA is known to regulate neuronal development and initiates cellular proce ...
5 x buffer (50TB 25 7 - American Journal of Physiology
... unlabelled 125I TID was washed out of the column by 50 ml of buffer and at a flow of 1 ml/min operated with a P1 pump device (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Buckinghamshire, UK). Fractions of 1 ml were collected by elution with 5 mM sodium phosphate pH 8.5 containing 1 M NaCl. Five µl 6 M HCl and 200 m ...
... unlabelled 125I TID was washed out of the column by 50 ml of buffer and at a flow of 1 ml/min operated with a P1 pump device (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Buckinghamshire, UK). Fractions of 1 ml were collected by elution with 5 mM sodium phosphate pH 8.5 containing 1 M NaCl. Five µl 6 M HCl and 200 m ...
PKC modulates NF-B and AP-1 via mitogen
... the p54/p46 c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNKs), are important upstream regulators for the induction of various transcription factors (12, 37, 44). The role of each MAPK subfamily in the activation of transcription factors appears to be cell-type specific. In noncardiac cells, it has been shown that p ...
... the p54/p46 c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNKs), are important upstream regulators for the induction of various transcription factors (12, 37, 44). The role of each MAPK subfamily in the activation of transcription factors appears to be cell-type specific. In noncardiac cells, it has been shown that p ...
Eukaryotic Initiation
... • Initiation factors (IFs in prok; eIFs in euk) – – prokaryotic cells require 3 initiation factors – IF1, IF2, & IF3 bind 30S subunit & help it attach to mRNA – IF2 is GTP-binding, required for adding first aminoacyl-tRNA – IF3 may prevent the large (50S) subunit from joining ...
... • Initiation factors (IFs in prok; eIFs in euk) – – prokaryotic cells require 3 initiation factors – IF1, IF2, & IF3 bind 30S subunit & help it attach to mRNA – IF2 is GTP-binding, required for adding first aminoacyl-tRNA – IF3 may prevent the large (50S) subunit from joining ...
1 - Cardiovascular Research
... in cardiomyocytes. Chronically, the reconversion of TG to FA and potentially toxic metabolites, including ceramides, diacylglycerols, and acylcarnitines can provoke cardiomyocyte death (lipotoxicity).9 Interestingly, increasing FA uptake through the overexpression of cardiac human LPL or FA transpor ...
... in cardiomyocytes. Chronically, the reconversion of TG to FA and potentially toxic metabolites, including ceramides, diacylglycerols, and acylcarnitines can provoke cardiomyocyte death (lipotoxicity).9 Interestingly, increasing FA uptake through the overexpression of cardiac human LPL or FA transpor ...
See Source - Pentelute Lab
... gave similar product yield in model peptide studies, we chose to work exclusively with SrtA* because it substantially shortened reaction time. Reactions with SrtA* were complete in 30 minutes as opposed to 2 hours with SrtA (Figure S1–S2). The analytical RP-HPLC traces for a model reaction between K ...
... gave similar product yield in model peptide studies, we chose to work exclusively with SrtA* because it substantially shortened reaction time. Reactions with SrtA* were complete in 30 minutes as opposed to 2 hours with SrtA (Figure S1–S2). The analytical RP-HPLC traces for a model reaction between K ...
Bioinformatics approaches for functional
... is not well documented compared with their structural aspects. In this comprehensive review, we elaborately focus on three aspects of membrane protein functions: (i) databases for different types of membrane proteins based on their functions including transporters, receptors and ion channels, annota ...
... is not well documented compared with their structural aspects. In this comprehensive review, we elaborately focus on three aspects of membrane protein functions: (i) databases for different types of membrane proteins based on their functions including transporters, receptors and ion channels, annota ...
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF NFκB
... I would like to extend thanks to my advisor, Louisa Wu, for her support and guidance during the last few years. I would also like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Lian Yong Gao and Dr. Leslie Pick, for their advice on my research and writing. The members (past and present) of the Wu lab hav ...
... I would like to extend thanks to my advisor, Louisa Wu, for her support and guidance during the last few years. I would also like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Lian Yong Gao and Dr. Leslie Pick, for their advice on my research and writing. The members (past and present) of the Wu lab hav ...
Whey Protein: A Functional Food
... triglycerides and reduced systolic blood pressure. The effect of whey alone was not studied. ...
... triglycerides and reduced systolic blood pressure. The effect of whey alone was not studied. ...
Lec 3: Carbohydrate metabolism
... Conditions that promote glycolysis inhibit gluconeogenesis, and vice versa. ...
... Conditions that promote glycolysis inhibit gluconeogenesis, and vice versa. ...
Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolism
... successive activation of son-of-sevenless (SOS), Ras, and Raf-1 subsequently activates MEK (mitogen-activated, ERKactivating kinase), which in turn phosphorylates MAPK. Activation of this pathway seems to mostly target cellular growth and proliferation, rather than direct metabolic actions, and will ...
... successive activation of son-of-sevenless (SOS), Ras, and Raf-1 subsequently activates MEK (mitogen-activated, ERKactivating kinase), which in turn phosphorylates MAPK. Activation of this pathway seems to mostly target cellular growth and proliferation, rather than direct metabolic actions, and will ...
Growth of E. coli BL21 in minimal media with different
... source in M9 minimal medium, though it grew well on glycerol, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, and malate. It has been recently reported (Phue and Shiloach 2004; Phue et al. 2005) that there was a difference in gene regulation between the BL21 and JM109 strains for some of the genes of the TCA cycle and glyo ...
... source in M9 minimal medium, though it grew well on glycerol, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, and malate. It has been recently reported (Phue and Shiloach 2004; Phue et al. 2005) that there was a difference in gene regulation between the BL21 and JM109 strains for some of the genes of the TCA cycle and glyo ...
Document
... • insertion in mouse DHFR of heterologous amino acids with binding domains from different proteins • ts variant of DHFR makes the protein extra sensitive to conformational changes • binding of ligand gives increased stability of DHFR Tucker & Fields, Nature Biotechnology 19:1042 (2001) ...
... • insertion in mouse DHFR of heterologous amino acids with binding domains from different proteins • ts variant of DHFR makes the protein extra sensitive to conformational changes • binding of ligand gives increased stability of DHFR Tucker & Fields, Nature Biotechnology 19:1042 (2001) ...
Divalent Metal Ions in Plant Mitochondria and Their Role in
... and cell organelle functions. The redox-inactive heavy metal cadmium exhibits strong affinity for oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms (Nieboer and Richardson, 1980) and can inhibit enzyme activity by direct blocking of protein function or displacement of natural metal centers. There are numerous repo ...
... and cell organelle functions. The redox-inactive heavy metal cadmium exhibits strong affinity for oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms (Nieboer and Richardson, 1980) and can inhibit enzyme activity by direct blocking of protein function or displacement of natural metal centers. There are numerous repo ...
1 Development of Bombesin Analogues With Conformationally
... under nitrogen, and washed with 100 µl of 0.5 M potassium phosphate solution (pH 7.4). To this tube 20 µl of potassium phosphate solution (pH 7.4), 8 µg of peptide in 4 µl of water and 2 mCi (20 µl) of Na125I were added and incubated at room temperature for 6 min. The incubation was stopped by the a ...
... under nitrogen, and washed with 100 µl of 0.5 M potassium phosphate solution (pH 7.4). To this tube 20 µl of potassium phosphate solution (pH 7.4), 8 µg of peptide in 4 µl of water and 2 mCi (20 µl) of Na125I were added and incubated at room temperature for 6 min. The incubation was stopped by the a ...
Chemical-Scale Studies of the Phe-Pro Conserved Motif in the Cys
... There is considerable evidence supporting a specific interaction in a PhePro sequence that stabilizes the cis form of the Pro. This could possibly involve a polar–π interaction in which polarized C–H bonds (Cδ−–Hδ+) on the proline interact favorably with the negative electrostatic potential on the f ...
... There is considerable evidence supporting a specific interaction in a PhePro sequence that stabilizes the cis form of the Pro. This could possibly involve a polar–π interaction in which polarized C–H bonds (Cδ−–Hδ+) on the proline interact favorably with the negative electrostatic potential on the f ...
Origins and Evolution of Pathways of Anaerobic Metabolism in the
... magellanicus (Livingstone, 1982). The formation of strombine in the posterior adductor muscle of M. edulis is related to valve opening and closing (De Zwaan and Dando, 1984; Shick et al, 1986) and was significantly enhanced when movement of the shells was prevented (De Zwaan et al, 1983). Multiple o ...
... magellanicus (Livingstone, 1982). The formation of strombine in the posterior adductor muscle of M. edulis is related to valve opening and closing (De Zwaan and Dando, 1984; Shick et al, 1986) and was significantly enhanced when movement of the shells was prevented (De Zwaan et al, 1983). Multiple o ...
Phospholipid synthesis in Borrelia burgdorferi: BB0249 and BB0721
... Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, appears to differ from many other bacteria, including related spirochaetes such as Treponema pallidum, in its phospholipid content. B. burgdorferi appears to contain only PG and PC as its major membrane phospholipids (Belisle et al., 1994). ...
... Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, appears to differ from many other bacteria, including related spirochaetes such as Treponema pallidum, in its phospholipid content. B. burgdorferi appears to contain only PG and PC as its major membrane phospholipids (Belisle et al., 1994). ...
Co-opting sulphur-carrier proteins from primary metabolic pathways
... with an increase in AMP production (Fig. 2h, traces 3 and 4). The product peak was isolated and characterized as 2-thioglucose-6-phosphatebimane (11) by ESI–MS and NMR spectroscopy (Supplementary Methods). Each assay sample was also treated with alkaline phosphatase, and the dephosphorylated product ...
... with an increase in AMP production (Fig. 2h, traces 3 and 4). The product peak was isolated and characterized as 2-thioglucose-6-phosphatebimane (11) by ESI–MS and NMR spectroscopy (Supplementary Methods). Each assay sample was also treated with alkaline phosphatase, and the dephosphorylated product ...
Comparative proteomic network signatures in seminal plasma of
... capacitation, and motility of sperm within the female reproductive tract and therefore, expected to contribute to the success of fertilization [1]. For example, the fertilization-promoting peptide (FPP) in semen stimulates penetration abilities of spermatozoa promoting fertilization [2]. Seminal flu ...
... capacitation, and motility of sperm within the female reproductive tract and therefore, expected to contribute to the success of fertilization [1]. For example, the fertilization-promoting peptide (FPP) in semen stimulates penetration abilities of spermatozoa promoting fertilization [2]. Seminal flu ...
Anatomy of the red cell membrane skeleton: unanswered questions
... Erythrocyte spectrin is a long, flexible, worm-like protein composed of two parallel chains (α- and βspectrin) oriented in opposite directions. Each chain contains multiple spectrin-type repeats with specialized functional domains at the “head” end for spectrin dimer-tetramer association and for ank ...
... Erythrocyte spectrin is a long, flexible, worm-like protein composed of two parallel chains (α- and βspectrin) oriented in opposite directions. Each chain contains multiple spectrin-type repeats with specialized functional domains at the “head” end for spectrin dimer-tetramer association and for ank ...
Methods and approaches for the comprehensive characterization
... the method is based on labeling proteins even before tryptic digestion followed by fractionation, it significantly reduces the complexity of the sample but retains sequence coverage in the subsequent mass spectral analysis. This results in improved protein identification that is indispensable for th ...
... the method is based on labeling proteins even before tryptic digestion followed by fractionation, it significantly reduces the complexity of the sample but retains sequence coverage in the subsequent mass spectral analysis. This results in improved protein identification that is indispensable for th ...
Fluorescence Spectroscopy
... Fluorescence intensity (FI) will change upon unfolding as well as the maximum emission wavelength (λmax) if Trp is used as a probe. Following the change of this parameter (FI or λmax) the unfolding curve is generated by plotting FI=f(temperature) or λmax =f(temperature)(Fig. 6C). Those kinds of stud ...
... Fluorescence intensity (FI) will change upon unfolding as well as the maximum emission wavelength (λmax) if Trp is used as a probe. Following the change of this parameter (FI or λmax) the unfolding curve is generated by plotting FI=f(temperature) or λmax =f(temperature)(Fig. 6C). Those kinds of stud ...
Proteomic sensitivity to dietary manipulations in rainbow trout
... were found in free amino acid pools in either liver or muscle between diets. Protein extraction followed by high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis, coupled with gel image analysis, allowed identification and expression of hundreds of protein. Individual proteins of interest were then subjec ...
... were found in free amino acid pools in either liver or muscle between diets. Protein extraction followed by high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis, coupled with gel image analysis, allowed identification and expression of hundreds of protein. Individual proteins of interest were then subjec ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.